Question 1

A client with cirrhosis who develops changes in personality and motor function may be exhibiting early symptoms of:

Accepted Answer

A) fatigue. 
B) hepatic regression. 
C) hepatitis. 
D) malnutrition. 
E) hepatic encephalopathy. 
A) fatigue. 
B) hepatic regression. 
C) hepatitis. 
D) malnutrition. 
E) hepatic encephalopathy.

Question 2

The nurse recognizes the fact that patients with cirrhosis are likely to develop PEM.The nurse should plan to monitor the _____ of a patient with cirrhosis.

Accepted Answer

A) weight 
B) meal intake 
C) diet-drug interactions 
D) lab values 
A) weight 
B) meal intake 
C) diet-drug interactions 
D) lab values

Question 3

Mark is a 52-year-old construction worker who was recently diagnosed with cirrhosis.He usually weighs 158 lbs.The dietitian estimates his energy needs as:

Accepted Answer

A) 2873 kcal/day 
B) 1716 kcal/day 
C) 2145 kcal/day 
D) 3530 kcal/day 
A) 2873 kcal/day 
B) 1716 kcal/day 
C) 2145 kcal/day 
D) 3530 kcal/day

Question 4

High-fat foods may be restricted in patients with cirrhosis who are experiencing steatorrhea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Consequences of cirrhosis include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) esophageal varices. 
B) portal hypertension. 
C) ascites. 
D) intestinal lesions. 
A) esophageal varices. 
B) portal hypertension. 
C) ascites. 
D) intestinal lesions.

Question 6

If a patient with ascites experiences a sodium level below 128 milliequivalents per liter, a fluid restriction of _____ per day may be necessary.

Accepted Answer

A) 1000-1200 mL 
B) 1200-1500 mL 
C) 1500-1800 mL 
D) 1800-2000 mL 
A) 1000-1200 mL 
B) 1200-1500 mL 
C) 1500-1800 mL 
D) 1800-2000 mL

Question 7

A patient is admitted to the hospital with decreased albumin, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and elevated bilirubin.The nurse recognizes these clinical findings as evidence of:

Accepted Answer

A) portal hypertension. 
B) liver disease. 
C) esophageal varices. 
D) hepatic coma. 
A) portal hypertension. 
B) liver disease. 
C) esophageal varices. 
D) hepatic coma.

Question 8

Which of the following is false?

Accepted Answer

A) High levels of blood ammonia may play an important role in the cause of hepatic coma. 
B) The degree of elevation of blood ammonia levels correlates with the severity of hepatic encephalopathy. 
C) Hepatic coma is a dangerous complication of liver disease. 
D) A combination of metabolic abnormalities contribute to hepatic encephalopathy. 
A) High levels of blood ammonia may play an important role in the cause of hepatic coma. 
B) The degree of elevation of blood ammonia levels correlates with the severity of hepatic encephalopathy. 
C) Hepatic coma is a dangerous complication of liver disease. 
D) A combination of metabolic abnormalities contribute to hepatic encephalopathy.

Question 9

To improve Mr.Jamison's appetite, his physician may prescribe:

Accepted Answer

A) megestrol acetate. 
B) spironolactone. 
C) rifaximin. 
D) propranolol. 
A) megestrol acetate. 
B) spironolactone. 
C) rifaximin. 
D) propranolol.

Question 10

Describe why ascites, portal hypertension, and esophageal varices occur in clients with cirrhosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe why ascites, portal hypertension, and esophageal...

Question 11

Ascites is:

Accepted Answer

A) yellowing of the sclera of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. 
B) fluid accumulation in the abdomen. 
C) inflammation of the liver. 
D) elevated blood ammonia levels. 
A) yellowing of the sclera of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. 
B) fluid accumulation in the abdomen. 
C) inflammation of the liver. 
D) elevated blood ammonia levels.

Question 12

Nutrients are carried from the digestive tract to the liver via small blood vessels called collaterals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Matching

Accepted Answer

1.i
2.c
3.

Question 14

A patient with cirrhosis may present with no symptoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Many patients with cirrhosis require medication or insulin to control hyperglycemia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Factors involved in ascites include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) portal hypertension. 
B) reduced albumin synthesis. 
C) fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity. 
D) obesity. 
A) portal hypertension. 
B) reduced albumin synthesis. 
C) fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity. 
D) obesity.

Question 17

The most common cause of infection with acute hepatitis A virus is:

Accepted Answer

A) exposure to infected blood. 
B) jaundice. 
C) fecal-oral contamination. 
D) sexual contact. 
A) exposure to infected blood. 
B) jaundice. 
C) fecal-oral contamination. 
D) sexual contact.

Question 18

In liver disease, blood ammonia levels rise because the liver cannot convert the ammonia to:

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen. 
B) amino acids. 
C) urea. 
D) sodium. 
E) ammonia. 
A) nitrogen. 
B) amino acids. 
C) urea. 
D) sodium. 
E) ammonia.

Question 19

Which of the following is true regarding fatty liver?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a clinical finding common to many conditions. 
B) It usually results in liver failure. 
C) It cannot be reversed. 
D) It does not result in elevated liver enzymes. 
A) It is a clinical finding common to many conditions. 
B) It usually results in liver failure. 
C) It cannot be reversed. 
D) It does not result in elevated liver enzymes.

Question 20

The nurse is working with a hepatitis patient who is malnourished.Which of the following would be the most appropriate type of nutrition support for this client?

Accepted Answer

A) a regular, balanced diet 
B) frequent, small meals 
C) enteral formula supplements 
D) high-kcalorie, high-protein diet 
A) a regular, balanced diet 
B) frequent, small meals 
C) enteral formula supplements 
D) high-kcalorie, high-protein diet

Exam 19: Nutrition and Liver Diseases

A client with cirrhosis who develops changes in personality and motor function may be exhibiting early symptoms of:

The nurse recognizes the fact that patients with cirrhosis are likely to develop PEM.The nurse should plan to monitor the _____ of a patient with cirrhosis.

Mark is a 52-year-old construction worker who was recently diagnosed with cirrhosis.He usually weighs 158 lbs.The dietitian estimates his energy needs as:

High-fat foods may be restricted in patients with cirrhosis who are experiencing steatorrhea.

Consequences of cirrhosis include all of the following except:

If a patient with ascites experiences a sodium level below 128 milliequivalents per liter, a fluid restriction of _____ per day may be necessary.

A patient is admitted to the hospital with decreased albumin, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and elevated bilirubin.The nurse recognizes these clinical findings as evidence of:

Which of the following is false?

To improve Mr.Jamison's appetite, his physician may prescribe:

Describe why ascites, portal hypertension, and esophageal varices occur in clients with cirrhosis.

Ascites is:

Nutrients are carried from the digestive tract to the liver via small blood vessels called collaterals.

Matching

A patient with cirrhosis may present with no symptoms.

Many patients with cirrhosis require medication or insulin to control hyperglycemia.

Factors involved in ascites include all of the following except:

The most common cause of infection with acute hepatitis A virus is:

In liver disease, blood ammonia levels rise because the liver cannot convert the ammonia to:

Which of the following is true regarding fatty liver?

The nurse is working with a hepatitis patient who is malnourished.Which of the following would be the most appropriate type of nutrition support for this client?

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Infancy

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition, Cancer, and Hiv Infection

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