Question 1

A frequent cause of death among older intensive care patients with multiple or severe injuries is:

Accepted Answer

A) pulmonary edema. 
B) heart attack. 
C) multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. 
D) stroke. 
A) pulmonary edema. 
B) heart attack. 
C) multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. 
D) stroke.

Question 2

Protein synthesis is inhibited by:

Accepted Answer

A) cortisol. 
B) eicosanoids. 
C) mast cells. 
D) phagocytes. 
A) cortisol. 
B) eicosanoids. 
C) mast cells. 
D) phagocytes.

Question 3

Excessive energy intake in patients with ARDS can worsen respiratory function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Describe the diet-drug interactions that may be experienced by a patient using bronchodilators.

Accepted Answer

Bronchodilators are medications used to

Question 5

Mr.Morgan is a critically ill patient in the ICU who is on TPN.The nurse understands that monitoring his _____ can help to determine if he is being overfed.

Accepted Answer

A) glucose levels 
B) cholesterol levels 
C) iron levels 
D) albumin levels 
A) glucose levels 
B) cholesterol levels 
C) iron levels 
D) albumin levels

Question 6

Which of the following amino acids has been shown to have beneficial effects on critically ill patients?

Accepted Answer

A) leucine 
B) glutamine 
C) valine 
D) isoleucine 
A) leucine 
B) glutamine 
C) valine 
D) isoleucine

Question 7

Estimate Kati's energy needs using the Ireton-Jones equation: 1925 + [5 * wt (kg)] - [10 * age (yr)] + (281 * sex) + (292 * trauma) + (851 * burn).

Accepted Answer

A) 2288 
B) 2828 
C) 3420 
D) 3240 
A) 2288 
B) 2828 
C) 3420 
D) 3240

Question 8

An excessive response to metabolic stress can worsen illness and lead to death.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following should be used to estimate the energy needs of a critically ill woman who is 5'4" and 190 pounds?

Accepted Answer

A) 22-25 kcal/kg actual body weight 
B) 25-30 kcal/kg ideal body weight 
C) 11-14 kcal/kg actual body weight 
D) 30-35 kcal/kg ideal body weight 
A) 22-25 kcal/kg actual body weight 
B) 25-30 kcal/kg ideal body weight 
C) 11-14 kcal/kg actual body weight 
D) 30-35 kcal/kg ideal body weight

Question 10

When she arrived in the ER, the most immediate nutrition concern for Kati was:

Accepted Answer

A) restoring fluid and electrolyte balance. 
B) starting parenteral nutrition. 
C) estimating her energy needs. 
D) assessing her swallowing ability. 
A) restoring fluid and electrolyte balance. 
B) starting parenteral nutrition. 
C) estimating her energy needs. 
D) assessing her swallowing ability.

Question 11

Mr.Winslett is a COPD patient who is complaining of poor appetite, abdominal discomfort, and bloating.Which of the following is the nurse's appropriate suggestion for improving his food intake?

Accepted Answer

A) "Consume larger meals." 
B) "Substitute beans for meat." 
C) "Drink a supplement before eating." 
D) "Eat smaller, more frequent meals." 
A) "Consume larger meals." 
B) "Substitute beans for meat." 
C) "Drink a supplement before eating." 
D) "Eat smaller, more frequent meals."

Question 12

Which of the following is not a cause of poor food intake in persons with severe COPD?

Accepted Answer

A) medications 
B) dyspnea 
C) lower energy needs 
D) change in taste perception 
A) medications 
B) dyspnea 
C) lower energy needs 
D) change in taste perception

Question 13

Adequate fluid intake will help the person with COPD by:

Accepted Answer

A) decreasing carbon dioxide output. 
B) preventing the secretion of overly thick mucus. 
C) aiding in weight loss. 
D) improving oxygen consumption. 
A) decreasing carbon dioxide output. 
B) preventing the secretion of overly thick mucus. 
C) aiding in weight loss. 
D) improving oxygen consumption.

Question 14

A critically ill patient with ARDS is on a tube feeding and requires a fluid restriction.The nurse understands that an appropriate enteral formula will be:

Accepted Answer

A) low residue. 
B) high protein. 
C) nutrient dense. 
D) hydrolyzed. 
A) low residue. 
B) high protein. 
C) nutrient dense. 
D) hydrolyzed.

Question 15

One of the factors that increases the risk of MODS is:

Accepted Answer

A) age over 40 years. 
B) length of hospital stay. 
C) length of SIRS infection. 
D) obesity. 
A) age over 40 years. 
B) length of hospital stay. 
C) length of SIRS infection. 
D) obesity.

Question 16

As a result of the acute-phase response, you would expect Kati's plasma concentrations of _____ to decrease.

Accepted Answer

A) glucose and cholesterol 
B) sodium and potassium 
C) iron and glucose 
D) albumin and iron 
A) glucose and cholesterol 
B) sodium and potassium 
C) iron and glucose 
D) albumin and iron

Question 17

The symptoms associated with the initial inflammatory response are collectively called the systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The adverse effects of cortisol in prolonged stress include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) muscle wasting. 
B) bone loss. 
C) impaired wound healing. 
D) hypoglycemia. 
A) muscle wasting. 
B) bone loss. 
C) impaired wound healing. 
D) hypoglycemia.

Question 19

Clinical findings typical of patients undergoing metabolic stress include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) hyperglycemia. 
B) hypermetabolism. 
C) insulin resistance. 
D) positive nitrogen balance. 
A) hyperglycemia. 
B) hypermetabolism. 
C) insulin resistance. 
D) positive nitrogen balance.

Question 20

Overfeeding an acutely stressed patient improves nitrogen balance and decreases lean tissue losses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 16: Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

A frequent cause of death among older intensive care patients with multiple or severe injuries is:

Protein synthesis is inhibited by:

Excessive energy intake in patients with ARDS can worsen respiratory function.

Describe the diet-drug interactions that may be experienced by a patient using bronchodilators.

Mr.Morgan is a critically ill patient in the ICU who is on TPN.The nurse understands that monitoring his _____ can help to determine if he is being overfed.

Which of the following amino acids has been shown to have beneficial effects on critically ill patients?

Estimate Kati's energy needs using the Ireton-Jones equation: 1925 + [5 * wt (kg)] - [10 * age (yr)] + (281 * sex) + (292 * trauma) + (851 * burn).

An excessive response to metabolic stress can worsen illness and lead to death.

Which of the following should be used to estimate the energy needs of a critically ill woman who is 5'4" and 190 pounds?

When she arrived in the ER, the most immediate nutrition concern for Kati was:

Mr.Winslett is a COPD patient who is complaining of poor appetite, abdominal discomfort, and bloating.Which of the following is the nurse's appropriate suggestion for improving his food intake?

Which of the following is not a cause of poor food intake in persons with severe COPD?

Adequate fluid intake will help the person with COPD by:

A critically ill patient with ARDS is on a tube feeding and requires a fluid restriction.The nurse understands that an appropriate enteral formula will be:

One of the factors that increases the risk of MODS is:

As a result of the acute-phase response, you would expect Kati's plasma concentrations of _____ to decrease.

The symptoms associated with the initial inflammatory response are collectively called the systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

The adverse effects of cortisol in prolonged stress include all of the following except:

Clinical findings typical of patients undergoing metabolic stress include all of the following except:

Overfeeding an acutely stressed patient improves nitrogen balance and decreases lean tissue losses.

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Infancy

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition, Cancer, and Hiv Infection

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