Question 1

The process shown in the pV diagram in the figure is

Accepted Answer

A)  adiabatic. 
B)  isothermal. 
C)  isochoric. 
D)  isobaric. 
A)  adiabatic. 
B)  isothermal. 
C)  isochoric. 
D)  isobaric. C

Question 2

During an isothermal process,5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. How much work does the gas do during this process?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.00 J 
B)  2.0 J 
C)  5.0 J 
D)  -5.0 J 
E)  10 J 
A)  0.00 J 
B)  2.0 J 
C)  5.0 J 
D)  -5.0 J 
E)  10 J D

Question 3

(a)Internal human body temperature is often stated to be normal at 98.6°F. What is this temperature on the Celsius and Kelvin scales?
(b)Gallium boils at 2205°C.What is the corresponding temperature in the Fahrenheit and Kelvin scales?
(c)The boiling point of liquid nitrogen is 77.0 K.What is the corresponding temperature in the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales?

Accepted Answer

(a)37.0°C
,310 K 
(b)4001°F
,2478 K 
(c)-321°F
,-196°C

Question 4

When a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an isochoric process

Accepted Answer

A)  its internal (thermal) energy does not change. 
B)  the gas does no work. 
C)  no heat enters or leaves the gas. 
D)  its temperature must increase. 
E)  its pressure must increase. 
A)  its internal (thermal) energy does not change. 
B)  the gas does no work. 
C)  no heat enters or leaves the gas. 
D)  its temperature must increase. 
E)  its pressure must increase.

Question 5

When a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an isothermal expansion

Accepted Answer

A)  its internal (thermal) energy does not change. 
B)  the gas does no work. 
C)  no heat enters or leaves the gas. 
D)  its temperature must decrease. 
E)  its pressure must increase. 
A)  its internal (thermal) energy does not change. 
B)  the gas does no work. 
C)  no heat enters or leaves the gas. 
D)  its temperature must decrease. 
E)  its pressure must increase.

Question 6

A container of ideal gas has a movable frictionless piston.This container is placed in a very large water bath and slowly compressed so that the temperature of the gas remains constant and equal to the temperature of the water.Which of the following statements about this gas are true for this process? (There may be more than one correct choice.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Heat leaves the gas during the compression. 
B)  Since the gas and water are at the same temperature, no heat can flow between them, which makes this an adiabatic compression. 
C)  The internal (thermal) energy of the gas does not change during the compression. 
D)  The internal energy of the gas increases during the compression because work is done on the gas. 
E)  Since the temperature of the gas remains constant, the pressure of the gas must also remain constant. 
A)  Heat leaves the gas during the compression. 
B)  Since the gas and water are at the same temperature, no heat can flow between them, which makes this an adiabatic compression. 
C)  The internal (thermal) energy of the gas does not change during the compression. 
D)  The internal energy of the gas increases during the compression because work is done on the gas. 
E)  Since the temperature of the gas remains constant, the pressure of the gas must also remain constant.

Question 7

When a vapor condenses

Accepted Answer

A)  the temperature of the substance increases. 
B)  the temperature of the substance decreases. 
C)  heat energy leaves the substance. 
D)  heat energy enters the substance. 
A)  the temperature of the substance increases. 
B)  the temperature of the substance decreases. 
C)  heat energy leaves the substance. 
D)  heat energy enters the substance.

Question 8

During an adiabatic process,an ideal gas does 25 J of work. What is the change in the internal (thermal)energy of the gas during this process?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.00 J 
B)  50 J 
C)  25 J 
D)  -25 J 
E)  -50 J 
A)  0.00 J 
B)  50 J 
C)  25 J 
D)  -25 J 
E)  -50 J

Question 9

An ideal gas is compressed in a well-insulated chamber using a well-insulated piston.This process is

Accepted Answer

A)  isochoric. 
B)  isothermal. 
C)  adiabatic. 
D)  isobaric. 
A)  isochoric. 
B)  isothermal. 
C)  adiabatic. 
D)  isobaric.

Question 10

It is a well-known fact that water has a higher specific heat than iron.Now,consider equal masses of water and iron that are initially in thermal equilibrium.The same amount of heat,30 calories,is added to each one.Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They remain in thermal equilibrium. 
B)  They are no longer in thermal equilibrium; the iron is warmer. 
C)  They are no longer in thermal equilibrium; the water is warmer. 
D)  It is impossible to say without knowing the exact mass involved. 
E)  It is impossible to say without knowing the exact specific heats. 
A)  They remain in thermal equilibrium. 
B)  They are no longer in thermal equilibrium; the iron is warmer. 
C)  They are no longer in thermal equilibrium; the water is warmer. 
D)  It is impossible to say without knowing the exact mass involved. 
E)  It is impossible to say without knowing the exact specific heats.

Question 11

An ideal gas with γ = 1.67 is initially at 0°C in a volume of 10.0 L at a pressure of 1.00 atm.It is then expanded adiabatically to a volume of 10.4 L.What is the final temperature of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A)  -7.1°C 
B)  2.5°C 
C)  -23°C 
D)  68°C 
E)  -20°C 
A)  -7.1°C 
B)  2.5°C 
C)  -23°C 
D)  68°C 
E)  -20°C

Question 12

A system has a heat source supplying heat to an ideal gas at a rate of 187.0 W and the gas is doing work at a rate of 130.9 W.At what rate is the internal (thermal)energy of the gas changing?

Accepted Answer

A)  56.1 W 
B)  318 W 
C)  -56.1 W 
D)  187 W 
A)  56.1 W 
B)  318 W 
C)  -56.1 W 
D)  187 W

Question 13

When a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an adiabatic expansion

Accepted Answer

A)  its internal (thermal) energy does not change. 
B)  the gas does no work. 
C)  no heat enters or leaves the gas. 
D)  its temperature cannot change. 
E)  its pressure must increase. 
A)  its internal (thermal) energy does not change. 
B)  the gas does no work. 
C)  no heat enters or leaves the gas. 
D)  its temperature cannot change. 
E)  its pressure must increase.

Question 14

An ideal gas increases in temperature from 22°C to 42°C by two different processes.In one process,the temperature increases at constant volume,and in the other process the temperature increases at constant pressure.Which of the following statements about this gas are correct? (There may be more than one correct choice.)

Accepted Answer

A)  The heat required to cause this temperature change is the same for both the constant-volume and the constant-pressure processes. 
B)  More heat is required for the constant-pressure process than for the constant-volume process. 
C)  The change in the internal (thermal) energy of the gas is the same for both the constant-volume and the constant-pressure processes. 
D)  The root-mean-square (thermal) speed of the gas molecules increases more during the constant-volume process than during the constant-pressure process. 
A)  The heat required to cause this temperature change is the same for both the constant-volume and the constant-pressure processes. 
B)  More heat is required for the constant-pressure process than for the constant-volume process. 
C)  The change in the internal (thermal) energy of the gas is the same for both the constant-volume and the constant-pressure processes. 
D)  The root-mean-square (thermal) speed of the gas molecules increases more during the constant-volume process than during the constant-pressure process.

Question 15

An ideal gas is allowed to expand slowly at constant temperature to twice its original volume. During the expansion,the gas absorbs 200 kJ of heat.
(a)What is the change in the internal (thermal)energy of the gas during the expansion?
(b)How much work does the gas do during the expansion?

Accepted Answer

The answer of An ideal gas is allowed to expand...

Question 16

The process shown in the pV diagram in the figure is an

Accepted Answer

A)  adiabatic expansion. 
B)  isothermal expansion. 
C)  isochoric expansion. 
D)  isobaric expansion. 
E)  isochoric compression. 
A)  adiabatic expansion. 
B)  isothermal expansion. 
C)  isochoric expansion. 
D)  isobaric expansion. 
E)  isochoric compression.

Question 17

Heat is added to a pure substance in a closed container at a constant rate.The figure shows a graph of the temperature of the substance as a function of time.If Lf = latent heat of fusion and Lv = latent heat of vaporization,what is the value of the ratio Lv / Lf for this substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  5.0 
B)  4.5 
C)  7.2 
D)  3.5 
E)  1.5 
A)  5.0 
B)  4.5 
C)  7.2 
D)  3.5 
E)  1.5

Question 18

An adiabatic compression is performed on an ideal gas.The final pressure is equal to 0.560 times the initial pressure and the final volume equals 1.50 times the initial volume.What is the adiabatic constant for the gas?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.33 
B)  1.43 
C)  1.48 
D)  1.52 
E)  1.67 
A)  1.33 
B)  1.43 
C)  1.48 
D)  1.52 
E)  1.67

Question 19

When a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an isobaric expansion

Accepted Answer

A)  its internal (thermal) energy does not change. 
B)  the gas does no work. 
C)  no heat enters or leaves the gas. 
D)  its temperature must increase. 
E)  its pressure must increase. 
A)  its internal (thermal) energy does not change. 
B)  the gas does no work. 
C)  no heat enters or leaves the gas. 
D)  its temperature must increase. 
E)  its pressure must increase.

Question 20

The process shown in the T-V diagram in the figure is an

Accepted Answer

A)  adiabatic compression. 
B)  isothermal compression. 
C)  isochoric compression. 
D)  isobaric compression. 
E)  isothermal expansion. 
A)  adiabatic compression. 
B)  isothermal compression. 
C)  isochoric compression. 
D)  isobaric compression. 
E)  isothermal expansion.

Exam 20: Energy Transferred Thermally

The process shown in the pV diagram in the figure is

During an isothermal process,5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. How much work does the gas do during this process?

When a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an isochoric process

When a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an isothermal expansion

When a vapor condenses

During an adiabatic process,an ideal gas does 25 J of work. What is the change in the internal (thermal)energy of the gas during this process?

An ideal gas is compressed in a well-insulated chamber using a well-insulated piston.This process is

It is a well-known fact that water has a higher specific heat than iron.Now,consider equal masses of water and iron that are initially in thermal equilibrium.The same amount of heat,30 calories,is added to each one.Which statement is true?

An ideal gas with γ = 1.67 is initially at 0°C in a volume of 10.0 L at a pressure of 1.00 atm.It is then expanded adiabatically to a volume of 10.4 L.What is the final temperature of the gas?

A system has a heat source supplying heat to an ideal gas at a rate of 187.0 W and the gas is doing work at a rate of 130.9 W.At what rate is the internal (thermal)energy of the gas changing?

When a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an adiabatic expansion

An ideal gas is allowed to expand slowly at constant temperature to twice its original volume. During the expansion,the gas absorbs 200 kJ of heat. (a)What is the change in the internal (thermal)energy of the gas during the expansion? (b)How much work does the gas do during the expansion?

The process shown in the pV diagram in the figure is an

Heat is added to a pure substance in a closed container at a constant rate.The figure shows a graph of the temperature of the substance as a function of time.If Lf = latent heat of fusion and Lv = latent heat of vaporization,what is the value of the ratio Lv / Lf for this substance?

An adiabatic compression is performed on an ideal gas.The final pressure is equal to 0.560 times the initial pressure and the final volume equals 1.50 times the initial volume.What is the adiabatic constant for the gas?

When a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an isobaric expansion

The process shown in the T-V diagram in the figure is an

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Heat is added to a pure substance in a closed container at a constant rate.The figure shows a graph of the temperature of the substance as a function of time.If L_f = latent heat of fusion and L_v = latent heat of vaporization,what is the value of the ratio L_v / L_f for this substance?