Exam 20: Total Quality Management

Variations in process output that are caused by specific events or factors that are frequently temporary such as machine malfunction are:

What is "Kaizen",and how is it related to total quality management?

Sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 21 24 20 18 20 21 23 25 15 20 25 21 4 8 12 7 19 6 11 8 8 7 13 9 13 25 Sample 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 28 14 22 24 26 19 14 28 17 26 29 15 12 14 17 8 21 12 14 11 7 15 21 19 -Compute the centerline and control limits for the $\bar { x }$ chart. Centerline = ____________________ Lower value = ____________________ Upper value = ____________________

In a set of data collected for construction of a c-chart,the average number of defects per unit of output is = 9.What are the 3-sigma lower and upper control limits for the control chart? Lower value = ____________________ Upper value = ____________________

A chart for a normally distributed random variable shows that one sample mean is outside the control chart limits.The probability that this happened by chance is:

Individual units can have higher quality than others,even while meeting traditional specifications.Deviations from the target lead to lower and lower quality of the unit.This concept is associated with a:

In a manufacturing process,what is random variation? If cereal boxes are being filled by a machine,describe how random variation might affect the content weight of the individual boxes.

In statistical process control (SPC),a Type I error occurs if we conclude that the process is:

Ground coffee empties into a chute containing a roll of plastic,which forms a sealed bag of coffee.The weight on the coffee bag states the weight is 6 ounces.From every ten bags filled,four are randomly sampled and weighed to see if the mean is correct (the process in control).The standard deviation of the filling process is 0.05 ounces.Compute the 3-sigma lower control limit for the mean chart.

The Cattleman's Bar and Grille would like to use statistical process control to monitor the time that elapses between a customer's arrival and when the food is served.The manager has determined that the average time between customer arrival and service is 19.5 minutes with a standard deviation of 2.5 minutes.Each evening,the manager plans on selecting 4 tables at random and will measure the elapsed time.What would the 3-sigma control limits be for the X-bar chart?

Twenty-five samples of size 4 were drawn from a production process. For each sample, the mean and range were computed as shown below. Sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 21 24 20 18 20 21 23 25 15 20 25 21 4 8 12 7 19 6 11 8 8 7 13 9 13 25 Sample 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 28 14 22 24 26 19 14 28 17 26 29 15 12 14 17 8 21 12 14 11 7 15 21 19 -Draw the $\bar { x }$ chart on a control chart

Competitive benchmarking involves studying,and attempting to emulate,the strategies and practices of organizations already known to generate world-class products and services.

Twenty-five samples of size 4 were drawn from a production process. For each sample, the mean and range were computed as shown below. Sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 21 24 20 18 20 21 23 25 15 20 25 21 4 8 12 7 19 6 11 8 8 7 13 9 13 25 Sample 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 28 14 22 24 26 19 14 28 17 26 29 15 12 14 17 8 21 12 14 11 7 15 21 19 -Compute the centerline and control limits for the R chart. Centerline = ____________________ Lower value = ____________________ Upper value = ____________________

A popular and important tool for applying TQM is statistical process control,where sampled products are used in making inferences about the process from which they came.

In testing the null hypothesis "H₀: The process is in control",explain the difference between a Type I error and Type II error.

The process flow chart is used to tally frequency counts or record measurements and is a mechanism for entering and retaining data that may be subject to further analysis by another statistical tool.

A basketball player has been keeping track of his free throw shooting practice over the summer.Each day that he practices,he shoots 150 free throws and counts his misses.The following table indicates how he has done over the last 20 practices. Day Number af Mis5es Day Number af Mis5es 1 4[ 11 40 2 36 12 41 3 35 13 39 4 41 14 39 5 40 15 37 6 46 16 44 7 38 17 41 8 40 18 38 9 37 19 40 10 43 20 38 Set up a 3-sigma control chart using the previous data.

____________________ is a graphical procedure to make inferences about the process from which a sample was taken.

Two techniques introduced during the era of statistical quality control are especially noteworthy.What are they?

Applicable to attributes,the ____________________-chart shows the proportion of defects in successive samples,while the ____________________-chart reflects a count of the number of defects found in units of the output.