Question 1

When glucose is used as the energy source,the largest amount of ATP is produced in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis 
B)  acetyl-CoA formation 
C)  the citric acid cycle 
D)  substrate-level phosphorylation 
E)  electron transfer phosphorylation 
A)  glycolysis 
B)  acetyl-CoA formation 
C)  the citric acid cycle 
D)  substrate-level phosphorylation 
E)  electron transfer phosphorylation

Question 2

Select the one most appropriate choice for each.
-Glycolysis

Accepted Answer

A) Produces NADH and CO2; pyruvate oxidized 
B) Produces ATP, NADH, and CO2 
C) Splits glucose into two pyruvate molecules 
D) Regenerates NAD+ as pyruvate is converted to ethanol or lactate 
E) Uses a membrane-bound system that sets up production of ATP 
A) Produces NADH and CO2; pyruvate oxidized 
B) Produces ATP, NADH, and CO2 
C) Splits glucose into two pyruvate molecules 
D) Regenerates NAD+ as pyruvate is converted to ethanol or lactate 
E) Uses a membrane-bound system that sets up production of ATP

Question 3

About how many net molecules of ATP are produced at the end of the three stages of aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  38 
B)  36 
C)  32 
D)  16 
E)  4 
A)  38 
B)  36 
C)  32 
D)  16 
E)  4

Question 4

Labeling. Use these molecules to label the major inputs and/or outputs of the citric acid cycle on the figure below.Figure 7.8
  
-What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as "61" in the accompanying figure?

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 
B) NADH 
C) ADP + Pi 
D) FADH2 
E) ATP 
A) CO2 
B) NADH 
C) ADP + Pi 
D) FADH2 
E) ATP

Question 5

How many ATP are spent before a glucose molecule can be broken down to release energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  One 
B)  Two 
C)  Three 
D)  Four 
E)  Six 
A)  One 
B)  Two 
C)  Three 
D)  Four 
E)  Six

Question 6

Fats provide more energy than carbohydrates because they ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  can be stored inside the cell for long periods of time 
B)  require more oxidation reactions to break down, thus releasing more electrons 
C)  are hydrophilic, thus entering cells easily 
D)  are liquid, thus requiring less energy for reactions 
E)  are partially oxidized initially, thus requiring less ATP for oxidation 
A)  can be stored inside the cell for long periods of time 
B)  require more oxidation reactions to break down, thus releasing more electrons 
C)  are hydrophilic, thus entering cells easily 
D)  are liquid, thus requiring less energy for reactions 
E)  are partially oxidized initially, thus requiring less ATP for oxidation

Question 7

Classification. Use the five processes listed below for the following questions.
-In this process,the net energy yield is equal to two molecules of ATP,and the final product is ethanol.

Accepted Answer

A) Glycolysis 
B) Aerobic respiration 
C) Electron transfer phosphorylation 
D) Alcoholic fermentation 
E) Lactate fermentation 
A) Glycolysis 
B) Aerobic respiration 
C) Electron transfer phosphorylation 
D) Alcoholic fermentation 
E) Lactate fermentation

Question 8

Classification. Use the five processes listed below for the following questions.
-This process is responsible for the largest ATP production.

Accepted Answer

A) Glycolysis 
B) Aerobic respiration 
C) Electron transfer phosphorylation 
D) Alcoholic fermentation 
E) Lactate fermentation 
A) Glycolysis 
B) Aerobic respiration 
C) Electron transfer phosphorylation 
D) Alcoholic fermentation 
E) Lactate fermentation

Question 9

For glycolysis to begin,____.

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose must enter the mitochondria 
B)  there must be an input of energy from ATP 
C)  oxygen must be available 
D)  some hydrogen acceptors must be available 
E)  there must be an input of energy from ADP 
A)  glucose must enter the mitochondria 
B)  there must be an input of energy from ATP 
C)  oxygen must be available 
D)  some hydrogen acceptors must be available 
E)  there must be an input of energy from ADP

Question 10

The breakdown of ____ into cellular energy can involve glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates 
B)  fats 
C)  proteins 
D)  carbohydrates and fats 
E)  fats and proteins 
A)  carbohydrates 
B)  fats 
C)  proteins 
D)  carbohydrates and fats 
E)  fats and proteins

Question 11

In the conversion of pyruvate to ethanol,what is produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetaldehyde only 
B)  Carbon dioxide only 
C)  NADH only 
D)  Acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide 
E)  Acetaldehyde, carbon dioxide, and NADH 
A)  Acetaldehyde only 
B)  Carbon dioxide only 
C)  NADH only 
D)  Acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide 
E)  Acetaldehyde, carbon dioxide, and NADH

Question 12

What process requires oxygen to function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aerobic respiration 
B)  Anaerobic respiration 
C)  Alcoholic fermentation 
D)  Lactate fermentation 
E)  Substrate-level phosphorylation 
A)  Aerobic respiration 
B)  Anaerobic respiration 
C)  Alcoholic fermentation 
D)  Lactate fermentation 
E)  Substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 13

Which stage of aerobic respiration requires an input of two ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis 
B)  acetyl CoA formation 
C)  citric acid cycle 
D)  electron transfer phosphorylation 
E)  fermentation 
A)  glycolysis 
B)  acetyl CoA formation 
C)  citric acid cycle 
D)  electron transfer phosphorylation 
E)  fermentation

Question 14

Labeling. Use these molecules to label the major inputs and/or outputs of the citric acid cycle on the figure below.Figure 7.8
  
-What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as "57" in the accompanying figure?

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 
B) NADH 
C) ADP + Pi 
D) FADH2 
E) ATP 
A) CO2 
B) NADH 
C) ADP + Pi 
D) FADH2 
E) ATP

Question 15

What substance causes yeast bread to rise?

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol 
B)  lactic acid 
C)  sugar 
D)  carbon dioxide 
E)  oxygen 
A)  alcohol 
B)  lactic acid 
C)  sugar 
D)  carbon dioxide 
E)  oxygen

Exam 7: How Cells Release Chemical Energy

When glucose is used as the energy source,the largest amount of ATP is produced in ____.

Select the one most appropriate choice for each. -Glycolysis

About how many net molecules of ATP are produced at the end of the three stages of aerobic respiration?

Labeling. Use these molecules to label the major inputs and/or outputs of the citric acid cycle on the figure below.Figure 7.8 -What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as "61" in the accompanying figure?

How many ATP are spent before a glucose molecule can be broken down to release energy?

Fats provide more energy than carbohydrates because they ____.

Classification. Use the five processes listed below for the following questions. -In this process,the net energy yield is equal to two molecules of ATP,and the final product is ethanol.

Classification. Use the five processes listed below for the following questions. -This process is responsible for the largest ATP production.

For glycolysis to begin,____.

The breakdown of ____ into cellular energy can involve glycolysis.

In the conversion of pyruvate to ethanol,what is produced?

What process requires oxygen to function?

Which stage of aerobic respiration requires an input of two ATP?

Labeling. Use these molecules to label the major inputs and/or outputs of the citric acid cycle on the figure below.Figure 7.8 -What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as "57" in the accompanying figure?

What substance causes yeast bread to rise?

Invitation to Biology

Life's Chemical Bases

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where it Starts—Photosynthesis

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizing Information about Species

Life's Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protists: The Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution: The Invertebrates

Animal Evolution: The Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive System

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters