Question 1

Populations ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  are only limited by one factor at a time 
B)  increase arithmetically 
C)  may increase indefinitely 
D)  are limited by the carrying capacity 
E)  overcome limiting factors by increasing their biotic potential 
A)  are only limited by one factor at a time 
B)  increase arithmetically 
C)  may increase indefinitely 
D)  are limited by the carrying capacity 
E)  overcome limiting factors by increasing their biotic potential D

Question 2

Which of the following is correct regarding r-selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  It favors quickly producing as many offspring as possible at low population density. 
B)  At a higher population density, r-selection favors fewer, high-quality offspring. 
C)  R-selection is exhibited by most equilibrial species. 
D)  Species not described by K-selection are entirely explained by r-selection alone. 
E)  None of these are correct. 
A)  It favors quickly producing as many offspring as possible at low population density. 
B)  At a higher population density, r-selection favors fewer, high-quality offspring. 
C)  R-selection is exhibited by most equilibrial species. 
D)  Species not described by K-selection are entirely explained by r-selection alone. 
E)  None of these are correct. A

Question 3

Figure 44.6
The following question refers to the figure above illustrating logistic growth.
-The effect of population growth limiting factors begins to become evident at about the letter ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E C

Question 4

Choose the most appropriate response for each.
-Per capita growth rate

Accepted Answer

A) Growth pattern which appears as a J-shaped curve when population increases are plotted against time 
B) For some interval, the added number of individuals divided by the initial population size 
C) Population with greater proportion of young people; indicates greater expected population growth 
D) For example, the amount of glucose in a culture flask containing bacteria 
A) Growth pattern which appears as a J-shaped curve when population increases are plotted against time 
B) For some interval, the added number of individuals divided by the initial population size 
C) Population with greater proportion of young people; indicates greater expected population growth 
D) For example, the amount of glucose in a culture flask containing bacteria

Question 5

Classification. Respond to the following statements used by ecologists with reference to the five terms listed below:
-Movement of individuals out of a population

Accepted Answer

A) Carrying capacity 
B) Emigration 
C) Immigration 
D) Density-dependent limiting factor 
E) Density-independent limiting factor 
A) Carrying capacity 
B) Emigration 
C) Immigration 
D) Density-dependent limiting factor 
E) Density-independent limiting factor

Question 6

Choose the most appropriate response for each.
-Density-dependent limiting factor

Accepted Answer

A) Growth pattern which appears as a J-shaped curve when population increases are plotted against time 
B) For some interval, the added number of individuals divided by the initial population size 
C) Population with greater proportion of young people; indicates greater expected population growth 
D) For example, the amount of glucose in a culture flask containing bacteria 
A) Growth pattern which appears as a J-shaped curve when population increases are plotted against time 
B) For some interval, the added number of individuals divided by the initial population size 
C) Population with greater proportion of young people; indicates greater expected population growth 
D) For example, the amount of glucose in a culture flask containing bacteria

Question 7

Which of the following changes in life history of the North Atlantic cod could have alerted scientists to the impending population crash?

Accepted Answer

A)  A type I growth curve 
B)  A shift to K-selection characterized by larger fish 
C)  A shift to r-selection characterized by smaller fish 
D)  Type I growth curve the first year and type II in years two and three 
E)  Type I the first year, type II the second year, and type III the third year 
A)  A type I growth curve 
B)  A shift to K-selection characterized by larger fish 
C)  A shift to r-selection characterized by smaller fish 
D)  Type I growth curve the first year and type II in years two and three 
E)  Type I the first year, type II the second year, and type III the third year

Question 8

Which of the following factors can affect carrying capacity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Population size 
B)  Human activity 
C)  Growth rate 
D)  Natural selection 
E)  Generation time 
A)  Population size 
B)  Human activity 
C)  Growth rate 
D)  Natural selection 
E)  Generation time

Question 9

Reznick and Endler's research with guppies suggested four of the following.Which one is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Life history traits can be inherited. 
B)  Life history traits evolve. 
C)  Life history traits can be altered over a short period of time. 
D)  Life history traits are not influenced by predation patterns. 
E)  Life history traits are coded for in DNA. 
A)  Life history traits can be inherited. 
B)  Life history traits evolve. 
C)  Life history traits can be altered over a short period of time. 
D)  Life history traits are not influenced by predation patterns. 
E)  Life history traits are coded for in DNA.

Question 10

Scientists use ____ sampling to estimate the population size of mobile animals.

Accepted Answer

A)  mark-recapture 
B)  random 
C)  plot 
D)  base 
E)  homogeneous 
A)  mark-recapture 
B)  random 
C)  plot 
D)  base 
E)  homogeneous

Question 11

Classification. Respond to the following statements used by ecologists with reference to the five terms listed below:
-This limits population growth to the same degree regardless of population density.

Accepted Answer

A) Carrying capacity 
B) Emigration 
C) Immigration 
D) Density-dependent limiting factor 
E) Density-independent limiting factor 
A) Carrying capacity 
B) Emigration 
C) Immigration 
D) Density-dependent limiting factor 
E) Density-independent limiting factor

Question 12

Which factor is NOT responsible for the increase in the size of human population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clothing 
B)  Medicine 
C)  Sanitation 
D)  Innovations in agriculture 
E)  Increased total fertility rate 
A)  Clothing 
B)  Medicine 
C)  Sanitation 
D)  Innovations in agriculture 
E)  Increased total fertility rate

Question 13

Figure 44.5
  
-The wood duck shown in the above photograph was adversely affected by ____ and is making a comeback thanks to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  global cooling; heat producing chemical added to their diet 
B)  sexually transmitted viruses; a new vaccine 
C)  limited numbers of natural cavities; artificial nesting boxes 
D)  high incidence of males being born; transplantation of females from other areas 
E)  invasive species; removal of introduced predators 
A)  global cooling; heat producing chemical added to their diet 
B)  sexually transmitted viruses; a new vaccine 
C)  limited numbers of natural cavities; artificial nesting boxes 
D)  high incidence of males being born; transplantation of females from other areas 
E)  invasive species; removal of introduced predators

Question 14

The distribution of animals and plants in competition for scarce resources tends to be ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  clumped 
B)  random 
C)  near uniform 
D)  constant 
E)  homogeneous 
A)  clumped 
B)  random 
C)  near uniform 
D)  constant 
E)  homogeneous

Question 15

Figure 44.6
The following question refers to the figure above illustrating logistic growth.
-The population is entering exponential growth at letter ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 16

Zero population growth is achieved when ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a population starts to decline 
B)  emigration and immigration are balanced, and the number of births equals the number of deaths 
C)  births exceed deaths 
D)  deaths exceed births 
E)  emigration and immigration are prevented 
A)  a population starts to decline 
B)  emigration and immigration are balanced, and the number of births equals the number of deaths 
C)  births exceed deaths 
D)  deaths exceed births 
E)  emigration and immigration are prevented

Question 17

Random distribution of individuals in a population occurs when resource availability is ____ and individuals ____ one another.

Accepted Answer

A)  scarce; attract 
B)  clumped; neither attract nor avoid 
C)  random; avoid 
D)  uniform; neither attract nor avoid 
E)  scarce; avoid 
A)  scarce; attract 
B)  clumped; neither attract nor avoid 
C)  random; avoid 
D)  uniform; neither attract nor avoid 
E)  scarce; avoid

Question 18

Figure 44.14
The following question refers to the age structure diagrams above.
-Which statement reflects the age structure of these three countries?

Accepted Answer

A)  India has the greatest proportion of older adults. 
B)  The United States has the greatest proportion of young people. 
C)  India has the greatest proportion of young people. 
D)  China has the greatest proportion of young people. 
E)  China has the greatest proportion of older adults. 
A)  India has the greatest proportion of older adults. 
B)  The United States has the greatest proportion of young people. 
C)  India has the greatest proportion of young people. 
D)  China has the greatest proportion of young people. 
E)  China has the greatest proportion of older adults.

Question 19

Individuals in the population grouped according to levels of maturity define the population's ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  carrying capacity 
B)  age structure 
C)  density 
D)  size 
E)  birth rate 
A)  carrying capacity 
B)  age structure 
C)  density 
D)  size 
E)  birth rate

Question 20

Classification. Respond to the following statements used by ecologists with reference to the five terms listed below:
-Movement of individuals into a population

Accepted Answer

A) Carrying capacity 
B) Emigration 
C) Immigration 
D) Density-dependent limiting factor 
E) Density-independent limiting factor 
A) Carrying capacity 
B) Emigration 
C) Immigration 
D) Density-dependent limiting factor 
E) Density-independent limiting factor

Exam 44: Population Ecology

Populations ____.

Which of the following is correct regarding r-selection?

Figure 44.6 The following question refers to the figure above illustrating logistic growth. -The effect of population growth limiting factors begins to become evident at about the letter ____.

Choose the most appropriate response for each. -Per capita growth rate

Classification. Respond to the following statements used by ecologists with reference to the five terms listed below: -Movement of individuals out of a population

Choose the most appropriate response for each. -Density-dependent limiting factor

Which of the following changes in life history of the North Atlantic cod could have alerted scientists to the impending population crash?

Which of the following factors can affect carrying capacity?

Reznick and Endler's research with guppies suggested four of the following.Which one is the exception?

Scientists use ____ sampling to estimate the population size of mobile animals.

Classification. Respond to the following statements used by ecologists with reference to the five terms listed below: -This limits population growth to the same degree regardless of population density.

Which factor is NOT responsible for the increase in the size of human population?

Figure 44.5 -The wood duck shown in the above photograph was adversely affected by ____ and is making a comeback thanks to ____.

The distribution of animals and plants in competition for scarce resources tends to be ____.

Figure 44.6 The following question refers to the figure above illustrating logistic growth. -The population is entering exponential growth at letter ____.

Zero population growth is achieved when ____.

Random distribution of individuals in a population occurs when resource availability is ____ and individuals ____ one another.

Figure 44.14 The following question refers to the age structure diagrams above. -Which statement reflects the age structure of these three countries?

Individuals in the population grouped according to levels of maturity define the population's ____.

Classification. Respond to the following statements used by ecologists with reference to the five terms listed below: -Movement of individuals into a population

Invitation to Biology

Life's Chemical Bases

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where it Starts—Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizing Information about Species

Life's Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protists: The Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution: The Invertebrates

Animal Evolution: The Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive System

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

Figure 44.5 -The wood duck shown in the above photograph was adversely affected by and is making a comeback thanks to .

Random distribution of individuals in a population occurs when resource availability is and individuals one another.