Question 1

Which of the following solutions is the most dilute?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.1 liter of water with 1 gram of sugar 
B) 0.2 liter of water with 2 grams of sugar 
C) 0.5 liter of water with 5 grams of sugar 
D) 1 liter of water with 10 grams of sugar 
E) They all have the same concentration. 
A) 0.1 liter of water with 1 gram of sugar 
B) 0.2 liter of water with 2 grams of sugar 
C) 0.5 liter of water with 5 grams of sugar 
D) 1 liter of water with 10 grams of sugar 
E) They all have the same concentration.

Question 2

Southern Asia is marked by a wildly wet monsoon season in the winter followed by a starkly dry summer. How might the water from the monsoon season be best captured for use in the summer?

Accepted Answer

A) Water should be caught using large tarps, the the water funneled into storage barrels. 
B) A large dam with accompanying hydroelectric plant should be constructed. 
C) Channels should be dug to guide monsoon rainwater to underground wells. 
D) Each household should be responsible for catching and preserving its own water in preparation for the hot dry summer. 
A) Water should be caught using large tarps, the the water funneled into storage barrels. 
B) A large dam with accompanying hydroelectric plant should be constructed. 
C) Channels should be dug to guide monsoon rainwater to underground wells. 
D) Each household should be responsible for catching and preserving its own water in preparation for the hot dry summer.

Question 3

At 10°C, which is more concentrated-a saturated solution of sodium nitrate, NaN   , or a saturated solution of sodium chloride? (See figure shown above )

Accepted Answer

A) At 20°C a saturated solution of sodium nitrate, NaN   , is more concentrated than a saturated solution of sodium chloride, NaCl. 
B) At 10°C a saturated solution of sodium chloride, NaCl, is more concentrated than a saturated solution of sodium nitrate, NaN   . 
C) At 10°C a saturated solution of sodium nitrate, NaN   , is more concentrated than a saturated solution of sodium chloride, NaCl. 
D) At 25°C a saturated solution of sodium nitrate, NaN   , is more concentrated than a saturated solution of sodium chloride, NaCl. 
A) At 20°C a saturated solution of sodium nitrate, NaN   , is more concentrated than a saturated solution of sodium chloride, NaCl. 
B) At 10°C a saturated solution of sodium chloride, NaCl, is more concentrated than a saturated solution of sodium nitrate, NaN   . 
C) At 10°C a saturated solution of sodium nitrate, NaN   , is more concentrated than a saturated solution of sodium chloride, NaCl. 
D) At 25°C a saturated solution of sodium nitrate, NaN   , is more concentrated than a saturated solution of sodium chloride, NaCl.

Question 4

If you need 3.01 × 1023 molecules of sucrose, how many liters of a 4.00 molar solution would you need?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.125 L 
B) 0.250 L 
C) 4.00 L 
D) 1.00 L 
E) none of the above 
A) 0.125 L 
B) 0.250 L 
C) 4.00 L 
D) 1.00 L 
E) none of the above

Question 5

What is the molarity of 0.50 liters of a solution with five moles of sucrose in it?

Accepted Answer

A) 10. molar 
B) 0.5 molar 
C) 5 molar 
D) 2.5 molar 
E) 1 molar 
A) 10. molar 
B) 0.5 molar 
C) 5 molar 
D) 2.5 molar 
E) 1 molar

Question 6

Hydrogen chloride, HCl, is a gas at room temperature. Would you expect this material to be very soluble or not very soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

A) HCl is very soluble in water by virtue of the dipole/dipole attractions occurring between the HCl and   O molecules. 
B) It is not very soluble because it is a gas, and all gases have very low solubility in water at room temperature. 
C) HCl is very soluble in water because it is such a small molecule, there is little electrical attraction to other HCl molecules. 
D) It is not very soluble because as a gas with low density, it floats to the surface of the water and then into the surrounding atmosphere. 
A) HCl is very soluble in water by virtue of the dipole/dipole attractions occurring between the HCl and   O molecules. 
B) It is not very soluble because it is a gas, and all gases have very low solubility in water at room temperature. 
C) HCl is very soluble in water because it is such a small molecule, there is little electrical attraction to other HCl molecules. 
D) It is not very soluble because as a gas with low density, it floats to the surface of the water and then into the surrounding atmosphere.

Question 7

Which of the following statements best describes what is happening in a water softening unit?

Accepted Answer

A) The hard ions in water are exchanged for ions that do not interact as strongly with soaps. 
B) The hard ions are all trapped in the softener, which filets out all the ions. 
C) The ions in the water softener are softened by chemically bonding with sodium. 
D) The sodium is removed from the water, making the water interact less with the soap molecules. 
E) none of the above 
A) The hard ions in water are exchanged for ions that do not interact as strongly with soaps. 
B) The hard ions are all trapped in the softener, which filets out all the ions. 
C) The ions in the water softener are softened by chemically bonding with sodium. 
D) The sodium is removed from the water, making the water interact less with the soap molecules. 
E) none of the above

Question 8

Plastic wrap is made of nonpolar molecules and is able to stick well to polar surfaces, such as glass, by way of dipole/induced dipole molecular attractions. How is it that plastic wrap also sticks to itself so well?

Accepted Answer

A) by way of dipole-dipole molecular attractions 
B) by way of dipole-induced dipole molecular attractions 
C) Ions are formed as the plastic rubs against itself. 
D) by way of induced dipole-induced dipole molecular attractions 
A) by way of dipole-dipole molecular attractions 
B) by way of dipole-induced dipole molecular attractions 
C) Ions are formed as the plastic rubs against itself. 
D) by way of induced dipole-induced dipole molecular attractions

Question 9

Which of the following is the strongest form of interatomic attraction?

Accepted Answer

A) a chemical bond 
B) an ion-dipole interaction 
C) a dipole-dipole interaction 
D) a dipole-induced dipole interaction 
E) an induced dipole-induced dipole interaction 
A) a chemical bond 
B) an ion-dipole interaction 
C) a dipole-dipole interaction 
D) a dipole-induced dipole interaction 
E) an induced dipole-induced dipole interaction

Question 10

The air that a scuba diver breathes is pressurized to counteract the pressure exerted by the surrounding water. Under these conditions, excessive amounts of nitrogen dissolves in bodily fluids, such as blood. If the diver ascends to the surface too rapidly, the excessive nitrogen bubbles out of the bodily fluids-much like carbon dioxide bubbles out of a soda immediately after its has been opened. This results in a painful and potentially lethal medical condition known as the bends. Why does breathing a mixture of helium and oxygen rather than air help divers to avoid getting the bends?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxygen and helium have stronger attractions for each other than they do for the blood, so less helium will be dissolved in the blood and to cause the bends. 
B) The helium is less soluble in the bodily fluids and so less dissolves for a given pressure. Upon decompression, there is less helium to "bubble out" and cause potential harm. 
C) The nitrogen in the blood will bind to helium, and so will be exhaled rather than being stuck in the blood. 
D) Helium is a smaller molecule than nitrogen, so when it bubbles out of solution, it is less painful and less harmful to the body. 
A) Oxygen and helium have stronger attractions for each other than they do for the blood, so less helium will be dissolved in the blood and to cause the bends. 
B) The helium is less soluble in the bodily fluids and so less dissolves for a given pressure. Upon decompression, there is less helium to "bubble out" and cause potential harm. 
C) The nitrogen in the blood will bind to helium, and so will be exhaled rather than being stuck in the blood. 
D) Helium is a smaller molecule than nitrogen, so when it bubbles out of solution, it is less painful and less harmful to the body.

Question 11

What is the main difference between a soap and a detergent?

Accepted Answer

A) Soaps are made from fatty acids, detergents are synthetic. 
B) Soaps are biodegradable, detergents are not. 
C) Detergents are better than soaps. 
D) Soaps are all natural. 
E) Soaps and detergents are exactly the same. 
A) Soaps are made from fatty acids, detergents are synthetic. 
B) Soaps are biodegradable, detergents are not. 
C) Detergents are better than soaps. 
D) Soaps are all natural. 
E) Soaps and detergents are exactly the same.

Question 12

What is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in sucrose,   ?

Accepted Answer

A) 342 amu 
B) 182 amu 
C) 270 amu 
D) none of the above 
A) 342 amu 
B) 182 amu 
C) 270 amu 
D) none of the above

Question 13

Given the following diagram, describe what happens electronically between these two molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) Oxygen A becomes slightly positively charged due to the protons on the water molecule. 
B) Oxygen B becomes slightly positively charged due to the protons on the water molecule. 
C) Oxygen A becomes slightly negatively charged due to the oxygen molecule. 
D) Hydrogens on oxygen W becomes slightly positively charged due to the oxygen molecule. 
E) none of the above 
A) Oxygen A becomes slightly positively charged due to the protons on the water molecule. 
B) Oxygen B becomes slightly positively charged due to the protons on the water molecule. 
C) Oxygen A becomes slightly negatively charged due to the oxygen molecule. 
D) Hydrogens on oxygen W becomes slightly positively charged due to the oxygen molecule. 
E) none of the above

Question 14

Which of the following substances is pure?

Accepted Answer

A) an ionic compound consisting of sodium and chlorine ions 
B) a covalent compound consisting of one type of molecule 
C) an element 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) an ionic compound consisting of sodium and chlorine ions 
B) a covalent compound consisting of one type of molecule 
C) an element 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is not a typical use for potable water?

Accepted Answer

A) irrigation 
B) cooking in a pot 
C) flushing a toilet 
D) drinking 
E) boiling 
A) irrigation 
B) cooking in a pot 
C) flushing a toilet 
D) drinking 
E) boiling

Question 16

List the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point:   ,   ,   ,   .

Accepted Answer

A)    ,   ,   ,   
B)    ,   ,   ,   
C)    ,   ,   
  ,   
D)    ,   
  ,   ,   
A)    ,   ,   ,   
B)    ,   ,   ,   
C)    ,   ,   
  ,   
D)    ,   
  ,   ,

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a two-molar sucrose solution?

Accepted Answer

A) one liter of solution that contains 2 moles of sucrose 
B) one liter of solution that contains 2 moles of water 
C) one liter of solution that contains 6.02 × 1023 molecules of sucrose 
D) two liters of solution that contains 1 mole of sucrose 
E) one mole of sucrose dissolved in 2 liters of solution 
A) one liter of solution that contains 2 moles of sucrose 
B) one liter of solution that contains 2 moles of water 
C) one liter of solution that contains 6.02 × 1023 molecules of sucrose 
D) two liters of solution that contains 1 mole of sucrose 
E) one mole of sucrose dissolved in 2 liters of solution

Question 18

A dipole is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A) separation of charges 
B) molecule with parallel bonds 
C) nonpolar entity 
D) form of electronegativity 
A) separation of charges 
B) molecule with parallel bonds 
C) nonpolar entity 
D) form of electronegativity

Question 19

Hard water contains excessive amounts of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) fluoride ions 
B) calcium ions 
C) water ions 
D) magnesium ions 
E) Two of the above are the most appropriate answers. 
A) fluoride ions 
B) calcium ions 
C) water ions 
D) magnesium ions 
E) Two of the above are the most appropriate answers.

Question 20

How necessary is soap for removing salt from your hands?

Accepted Answer

A) Soap is necessary because it has both a polar and nonpolar end to interact with the positive and negative ions in the salt. 
B) Soap is necessary because it creates a film on the surface of your skin, shielding it from interacting with the ionic charges of the salt. 
C) Soap is not at all necessary for removing salt from your hands. The strong ion-dipole interactions between fresh water and the salt are most sufficient to lift the salt away from your hands. 
D) Soap is not necessary because there are no electrical charges on the skin of your hands for the salt to interact with. 
A) Soap is necessary because it has both a polar and nonpolar end to interact with the positive and negative ions in the salt. 
B) Soap is necessary because it creates a film on the surface of your skin, shielding it from interacting with the ionic charges of the salt. 
C) Soap is not at all necessary for removing salt from your hands. The strong ion-dipole interactions between fresh water and the salt are most sufficient to lift the salt away from your hands. 
D) Soap is not necessary because there are no electrical charges on the skin of your hands for the salt to interact with.

Which of the following solutions is the most dilute?

Southern Asia is marked by a wildly wet monsoon season in the winter followed by a starkly dry summer. How might the water from the monsoon season be best captured for use in the summer?

At 10°C, which is more concentrated-a saturated solution of sodium nitrate, NaN , or a saturated solution of sodium chloride? (See figure shown above )

If you need 3.01 × 10²³ molecules of sucrose, how many liters of a 4.00 molar solution would you need?

What is the molarity of 0.50 liters of a solution with five moles of sucrose in it?

Hydrogen chloride, HCl, is a gas at room temperature. Would you expect this material to be very soluble or not very soluble in water?

Which of the following statements best describes what is happening in a water softening unit?

Plastic wrap is made of nonpolar molecules and is able to stick well to polar surfaces, such as glass, by way of dipole/induced dipole molecular attractions. How is it that plastic wrap also sticks to itself so well?

Which of the following is the strongest form of interatomic attraction?

What is the main difference between a soap and a detergent?

What is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in sucrose, ?

Given the following diagram, describe what happens electronically between these two molecules.

Which of the following substances is pure?

Which of the following is not a typical use for potable water?

List the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point: , , , .

Which of the following best describes a two-molar sucrose solution?

A dipole is a ________.

Hard water contains excessive amounts of ________.

How necessary is soap for removing salt from your hands?

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

Subatomic Particles

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Water Behaves

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

Filters

Exam 7: How Molecules Mix

Which of the following solutions is the most dilute?

Southern Asia is marked by a wildly wet monsoon season in the winter followed by a starkly dry summer. How might the water from the monsoon season be best captured for use in the summer?

At 10°C, which is more concentrated-a saturated solution of sodium nitrate, NaN , or a saturated solution of sodium chloride? (See figure shown above )

If you need 3.01 × 1023 molecules of sucrose, how many liters of a 4.00 molar solution would you need?

What is the molarity of 0.50 liters of a solution with five moles of sucrose in it?

Hydrogen chloride, HCl, is a gas at room temperature. Would you expect this material to be very soluble or not very soluble in water?

Which of the following statements best describes what is happening in a water softening unit?

Plastic wrap is made of nonpolar molecules and is able to stick well to polar surfaces, such as glass, by way of dipole/induced dipole molecular attractions. How is it that plastic wrap also sticks to itself so well?

Which of the following is the strongest form of interatomic attraction?

What is the main difference between a soap and a detergent?

What is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in sucrose, ?

Given the following diagram, describe what happens electronically between these two molecules.

Which of the following substances is pure?

Which of the following is not a typical use for potable water?

List the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point: , , , .

Which of the following best describes a two-molar sucrose solution?

A dipole is a ________.

Hard water contains excessive amounts of ________.

How necessary is soap for removing salt from your hands?

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

Subatomic Particles

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Water Behaves

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

Filters

If you need 3.01 × 10²³ molecules of sucrose, how many liters of a 4.00 molar solution would you need?