Exam 7: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Sophia is in the fifth grade and lives in one of the most impoverished areas in the state.She has a history of academic failure, although she is very sensitive to teacher expectations.Her teachers have noticed that she responds best when candy is offered as an incentive instead of verbal praise.Sophia's IQ is 65.She is most likely a victim of

_____ refers to a language's rules for combining words to form acceptable phrases and sentences.

Why are computers considered to be an oversimplified model of the mind's processing of information?

A six-year-old child with a mental age of 6 would have an IQ of

Evaluate Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence and Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences.What are the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches to intelligence?

Heuristics and algorithms differ in terms of their

Your roommate argues that computers can perform several complex tasks better and more accurately than humans.You counter her argument by mentioning that computers cannot _____, a task that only humans have the means to perform.

People often form general rules and concepts based on specific experiences and examples.This type of reasoning is known as

_____ involves reasoning from a general case that we know to be true to a specific instance.

Discuss the distinction between inductive and deductive reasoning and give an example of each.

_____ are mental categories used to group objects, events, and characteristics.

_____ is an individual's level of intellectual development relative to that of others.

Basketball, football, baseball, and soccer all fit into the _____ of sports.

_____ is the tendency to make judgments about group membership based on physical appearances or the match between a person and one's stereotype of a group rather than on available base rate information.

_____ produces the single best solution to a problem.

Recognizing problems involves

A(n) _____ is a strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem.

You have been asked to review a set of test items that are being considered for a standardized intelligence test.The test constructors want to eliminate all items that contain any possible culture bias.With this task in mind, which of the following questions would you eliminate first?

Which of the following is true of algorithms and heuristics for solving real-life problems?

You have to cook dinner for 30 people on Saturday.Your apartment is a mess and you have nothing to wear.You decide to do your laundry Thursday night, buy the groceries on Friday, clean the apartment Saturday morning, and cook the dinner Saturday evening.Preparing for the dinner party in this way is an example of