Question 1

In observational learning,the organism whose behavior is observed is termed the _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In observational learning,the organism whose behavior is...

Question 2

Dr.DiFonzo notices several students nodding in agreement as he lectures.Subsequently,his rhetoric becomes more confident and more passionate.The students have provided _____ reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive 
B)  secondary 
C)  conditioned 
D)  neutral 
A)  positive 
B)  secondary 
C)  conditioned 
D)  neutral

Question 3

Observational learning research suggests that seeing others reinforced for particular behaviors may encourage our own acquisition of similar behaviors.To what extent is exposure to media violence associated with the acquisition of aggressive behavior?

Accepted Answer

Different levels of media violence are a

Question 4

Typically long pauses in responding are found in _____ schedules.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed-interval 
B)  fixed-ratio 
C)  variable-interval 
D)  variable-ratio 
A)  fixed-interval 
B)  fixed-ratio 
C)  variable-interval 
D)  variable-ratio

Question 5

Tim loves dill pickles.Now,the sight of a jar on the supermarket shelf makes his mouth water.In the terminology of classical conditioning,the sight of the jar is a(n)_____.

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned stimulus 
B)  unconditioned stimulus 
C)  neutral stimulus 
D)  conditioned response 
A)  conditioned stimulus 
B)  unconditioned stimulus 
C)  neutral stimulus 
D)  conditioned response

Question 6

Which of the following scenarios exemplify negative punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Astrid tells her daughter she is grounded for misbehaving and cannot meet her friends for a week. 
B)  Carly yells at her husband when he comes home drunk. 
C)  Jim makes his middle-schoolers run extra laps when they are unruly in gym class. 
D)  Joanie takes several ibuprofen tablets when she has a headache. 
A)  Astrid tells her daughter she is grounded for misbehaving and cannot meet her friends for a week. 
B)  Carly yells at her husband when he comes home drunk. 
C)  Jim makes his middle-schoolers run extra laps when they are unruly in gym class. 
D)  Joanie takes several ibuprofen tablets when she has a headache.

Question 7

Which of the following sequences CORRECTLY arranges the phases of the classical conditioning process,from first to last?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acquisition → spontaneous recovery → extinction 
B)  Acquisition → extinction → spontaneous recovery 
C)  Spontaneous recovery → acquisition → extinction 
D)  Extinction → acquisition → spontaneous recovery 
A)  Acquisition → spontaneous recovery → extinction 
B)  Acquisition → extinction → spontaneous recovery 
C)  Spontaneous recovery → acquisition → extinction 
D)  Extinction → acquisition → spontaneous recovery

Question 8

Which of the following is true of stimulus generalization?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the process that occurs if two stimuli are sufficiently distinct from one another. 
B)  The greater the similarity between two stimuli,the greater the likelihood of stimulus generalization. 
C)  The conditioned response elicited by the new stimulus is usually more intense than the original conditioned response. 
D)  Stimulus generalization provides the ability to differentiate between stimuli. 
A)  It is the process that occurs if two stimuli are sufficiently distinct from one another. 
B)  The greater the similarity between two stimuli,the greater the likelihood of stimulus generalization. 
C)  The conditioned response elicited by the new stimulus is usually more intense than the original conditioned response. 
D)  Stimulus generalization provides the ability to differentiate between stimuli.

Question 9

The _____ is an approach to the study of learning that focuses on the thought processes that underlie learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  transformative learning theory 
B)  behavioral learning theory 
C)  cognitive learning theory 
D)  constructivism learning theory 
A)  transformative learning theory 
B)  behavioral learning theory 
C)  cognitive learning theory 
D)  constructivism learning theory

Question 10

Imagine that you are a parent,a teacher,or a supervisor in a workplace.Give specific examples of how you might use (a)positive reinforcement, (b)negative reinforcement, (c)positive punishment,and (d)negative punishment to bring about desirable changes in the behavior of a child,student,or subordinate worker.

Accepted Answer

Students' examples may vary.
The answer

Question 11

According to one survey,approximately one-_____ of violent young male offenders in Florida had attempted to commit a media-inspired copycat crime.

Accepted Answer

A)  fifth 
B)  fourth 
C)  third 
D)  half 
A)  fifth 
B)  fourth 
C)  third 
D)  half

Question 12

Olympia consumed some poorly stored sushi on a hot day;she became violently ill.Now Olympia can't stand the sight of sushi.She has developed a(n)_____.

Accepted Answer

learned ta

Question 13

A(n)_____ is a mental representation of spatial locations and directions.

Accepted Answer

A)  algorithm 
B)  prototype 
C)  cognitive map 
D)  perceptual blueprint 
A)  algorithm 
B)  prototype 
C)  cognitive map 
D)  perceptual blueprint

Question 14

_____ are intense,irrational fears.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ are intense,irrational fears....

Question 15

Identify a behavior of your own that you would like to perform more frequently (e.g. ,studying,completing household chores or yard work)or less frequently (e.g. ,snacking,smoking cigarettes).Outline a step-by-step behavior modification program that might help you achieve your goal.

Accepted Answer

The behavior students identify may diffe

Question 16

Nature is to nurture what _____ reinforcers are to _____ reinforcers.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive;negative 
B)  secondary;primary 
C)  unconditioned;conditioned 
D)  primary;secondary 
A)  positive;negative 
B)  secondary;primary 
C)  unconditioned;conditioned 
D)  primary;secondary

Question 17

Which of the following types of consequences is CORRECTLY matched with an example?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive reinforcement - Vickie applies lotion to lessen the discomfort of a small burn 
B)  Negative reinforcement - Ella's parents confiscate her car keys for breaking curfew 
C)  Positive punishment - Laurel's mother yells at her when Laurel takes $20 from her mom's purse 
D)  Negative punishment - Maddie receives a bonus for outstanding work performance 
A)  Positive reinforcement - Vickie applies lotion to lessen the discomfort of a small burn 
B)  Negative reinforcement - Ella's parents confiscate her car keys for breaking curfew 
C)  Positive punishment - Laurel's mother yells at her when Laurel takes $20 from her mom's purse 
D)  Negative punishment - Maddie receives a bonus for outstanding work performance

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of positive punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  You fight with your significant other and walk away 
B)  Getting a speeding ticket 
C)  Grounding a child for misbehaving and not letting him/her watch television 
D)  Giving your dog a treat for rolling over 
A)  You fight with your significant other and walk away 
B)  Getting a speeding ticket 
C)  Grounding a child for misbehaving and not letting him/her watch television 
D)  Giving your dog a treat for rolling over

Question 19

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies extinction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alexis is a former cocaine user.Now that she no longer uses cocaine,her hands no longer shake and her heart no longer pounds when she hears a car pull into her drive,like her dealer used to do in his car. 
B)  Alexis uses cocaine.She no longer feels quite the same rush as she did when she first started using. 
C)  Alexis is a former cocaine user in recovery.After a relapse,though,her hands shake and her heart pounds when she hears a car pull into her drive,like her dealer used to do in his car. 
D)  Alexis uses cocaine.She finds that she is slowly losing her sense of smell. 
A)  Alexis is a former cocaine user.Now that she no longer uses cocaine,her hands no longer shake and her heart no longer pounds when she hears a car pull into her drive,like her dealer used to do in his car. 
B)  Alexis uses cocaine.She no longer feels quite the same rush as she did when she first started using. 
C)  Alexis is a former cocaine user in recovery.After a relapse,though,her hands shake and her heart pounds when she hears a car pull into her drive,like her dealer used to do in his car. 
D)  Alexis uses cocaine.She finds that she is slowly losing her sense of smell.

Question 20

Classical conditioning is most successful when the neutral stimulus begins:

Accepted Answer

A)  just before the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
B)  at exactly the same time that the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
C)  long before the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
D)  immediately after the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
A)  just before the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
B)  at exactly the same time that the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
C)  long before the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
D)  immediately after the unconditioned stimulus begins.

In observational learning,the organism whose behavior is observed is termed the _____.

Dr.DiFonzo notices several students nodding in agreement as he lectures.Subsequently,his rhetoric becomes more confident and more passionate.The students have provided _____ reinforcement.

Observational learning research suggests that seeing others reinforced for particular behaviors may encourage our own acquisition of similar behaviors.To what extent is exposure to media violence associated with the acquisition of aggressive behavior?

Typically long pauses in responding are found in _____ schedules.

Tim loves dill pickles.Now,the sight of a jar on the supermarket shelf makes his mouth water.In the terminology of classical conditioning,the sight of the jar is a(n)_____.

Which of the following scenarios exemplify negative punishment?

Which of the following sequences CORRECTLY arranges the phases of the classical conditioning process,from first to last?

Which of the following is true of stimulus generalization?

The _____ is an approach to the study of learning that focuses on the thought processes that underlie learning.

According to one survey,approximately one-_____ of violent young male offenders in Florida had attempted to commit a media-inspired copycat crime.

Olympia consumed some poorly stored sushi on a hot day;she became violently ill.Now Olympia can't stand the sight of sushi.She has developed a(n)_____.

A(n)_____ is a mental representation of spatial locations and directions.

_____ are intense,irrational fears.

Identify a behavior of your own that you would like to perform more frequently (e.g. ,studying,completing household chores or yard work)or less frequently (e.g. ,snacking,smoking cigarettes).Outline a step-by-step behavior modification program that might help you achieve your goal.

Nature is to nurture what _ reinforcers are to _ reinforcers.

Which of the following types of consequences is CORRECTLY matched with an example?

Which of the following is an example of positive punishment?

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies extinction?

Classical conditioning is most successful when the neutral stimulus begins:

Introduction to Psychology

Psychological Research

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

Development

Personality

Health Psychology: Stress Coping and Well-Being

Filters

Exam 5: States of Consciousness

In observational learning,the organism whose behavior is observed is termed the _____.

Dr.DiFonzo notices several students nodding in agreement as he lectures.Subsequently,his rhetoric becomes more confident and more passionate.The students have provided _____ reinforcement.

Observational learning research suggests that seeing others reinforced for particular behaviors may encourage our own acquisition of similar behaviors.To what extent is exposure to media violence associated with the acquisition of aggressive behavior?

Typically long pauses in responding are found in _____ schedules.

Tim loves dill pickles.Now,the sight of a jar on the supermarket shelf makes his mouth water.In the terminology of classical conditioning,the sight of the jar is a(n)_____.

Which of the following scenarios exemplify negative punishment?

Which of the following sequences CORRECTLY arranges the phases of the classical conditioning process,from first to last?

Which of the following is true of stimulus generalization?

The _____ is an approach to the study of learning that focuses on the thought processes that underlie learning.

According to one survey,approximately one-_____ of violent young male offenders in Florida had attempted to commit a media-inspired copycat crime.

Olympia consumed some poorly stored sushi on a hot day;she became violently ill.Now Olympia can't stand the sight of sushi.She has developed a(n)_____.

A(n)_____ is a mental representation of spatial locations and directions.

_____ are intense,irrational fears.

Identify a behavior of your own that you would like to perform more frequently (e.g. ,studying,completing household chores or yard work)or less frequently (e.g. ,snacking,smoking cigarettes).Outline a step-by-step behavior modification program that might help you achieve your goal.

Nature is to nurture what _____ reinforcers are to _____ reinforcers.

Which of the following types of consequences is CORRECTLY matched with an example?

Which of the following is an example of positive punishment?

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies extinction?

Classical conditioning is most successful when the neutral stimulus begins:

Introduction to Psychology

Psychological Research

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

Development

Personality

Health Psychology: Stress Coping and Well-Being

Filters

Nature is to nurture what _ reinforcers are to _ reinforcers.