Exam 9: Intelligence

Which of the following is true about sequential research?

Two children are participating in a memory research: Heather,a preschooler,and Illeana,a sixth-grader.When the children fail a recall task,the researcher asks each child what she might do to succeed at the task the next time.Heather suggests that she would simply try again;Illeana proposes that she might try to write the items down.The difference in the girls' responses most clearly illustrates an increase in _____ during childhood.

Which genetic or chromosomal abnormality below is CORRECTLY matched with its description?

The one-celled entity formed by the union of an egg and sperm is called a:

Under the skillful guidance of her English teacher,Daisy gains a deeper understanding of Shakespeare's plays than she could have developed on her own.Vygotsky used the term _____ to refer to the type of assistance Daisy's teacher is providing.

A researcher raises a sample of unrelated macaque monkeys in identical laboratory environments.He finds large differences among these monkeys in their preference for novel visual stimuli.What might the researcher legitimately conclude concerning the relative contributions of nature and nurture to the preference for visual novelty?

According to Erikson,people enter the generativity-versus-stagnation stage during _____.

Select either (a)Baumrind's four parenting styles or (b)the four Eriksonian stages of psychosocial development occurring during childhood.Name each style or stage and provide a brief vignette or "case study" of a child exhibiting each style or stage.

The primary criticism of Kohlberg's theory of moral development is:

Twelve-year-old Nathaniel was facing trouble solving the word problems in his math homework.However,when his dad helped him by reading the problems aloud and emphasizing the important information,Nathaniel could solve all the problems correctly.This interaction illustrates:

From the late teens into the mid-20s,individuals are in a transitional phase that developmental psychologists call _____ adulthood.

Approximately _____ of American children are likely to experience the breakup of their parents' marriage.

"Age-related declines in memory and cognition are largely a matter of nature." "Age-related declines in memory and cognition are largely a matter of nurture." Support either of these propositions and provide strong evidence in support of your answer.

As compared to Piaget,Vygotsky placed _____ emphasis on the _____ bases of cognitive development.

Discuss how the sequential research method helps researchers in overcoming the drawbacks associated with the cross-sectional and longitudinal research designs.

Elaborate on the different stages of development that a fertilized egg undergoes to become a fully developed baby.

As compared to children in two-parent families,children in single-parent families are:

At first,the buzzing sound of your new alarm clock woke you up reliably;now,though,you always sleep through the sound.This decrease in the response to the sound of the alarm clock due to repeated exposure to it is referred to as _____.

A normal fertilized egg,or zygote,contains _____ pairs of chromosomes.

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the degree of cognitive sophistication among children in Piaget's preoperational stage of development?