Question 1

Discuss Mischel's person-situation interaction, or conditional view of personal dispositions.

Accepted Answer

Mischel believes that personal traits, o

Question 2

According to Rotter, people with high internal locus of control believe that

Accepted Answer

A) they can do well in nearly everything. 
B) luck is the principal determiner of success. 
C) there will always be wars, no matter how hard people try to prevent them. 
D) the source of control is mostly inside them. 
A) they can do well in nearly everything. 
B) luck is the principal determiner of success. 
C) there will always be wars, no matter how hard people try to prevent them. 
D) the source of control is mostly inside them.

Question 3

Rotter's basic prediction formula states that behavior potential is a function of

Accepted Answer

A) the interaction of heredity, or nature, and environment, or nurture. 
B) the interaction of the individual's cognition and goals. 
C) expectancies and reinforcement value in a certain situation. 
D) a combination of interpersonal trust and locus of control. 
A) the interaction of heredity, or nature, and environment, or nurture. 
B) the interaction of the individual's cognition and goals. 
C) expectancies and reinforcement value in a certain situation. 
D) a combination of interpersonal trust and locus of control.

Question 4

Rotter stated that when expectancies and situational variables are held constant, behavior is shaped by

Accepted Answer

A) reinforcement value. 
B) freedom of movement. 
C) the specific expectancies. 
D) all of these. 
A) reinforcement value. 
B) freedom of movement. 
C) the specific expectancies. 
D) all of these.

Question 5

tested the person-situation interaction by researching the conditional self-evaluation.They found:

Accepted Answer

A) students who made a trait-like self-evaluation seemed to be immune to extreme emotional reactions. 
B) support for traditional views of personality in which people behave in a given way regardless of the context. 
C) interactionist or conditional self-evaluations tend to lead to less extreme emotional reactions. 
D) all of these. 
A) students who made a trait-like self-evaluation seemed to be immune to extreme emotional reactions. 
B) support for traditional views of personality in which people behave in a given way regardless of the context. 
C) interactionist or conditional self-evaluations tend to lead to less extreme emotional reactions. 
D) all of these.

Question 6

In their concepts of humanity, both Rotter and Mischel

Accepted Answer

A) put greater emphasis on determinism rather than free choice. 
B) have more teleological than causal explanations of behavior. 
C) are highly optimistic in their viewpoints. 
D) stress unconscious forces over conscious ones. 
E) take a biological view rather than a social view. 
A) put greater emphasis on determinism rather than free choice. 
B) have more teleological than causal explanations of behavior. 
C) are highly optimistic in their viewpoints. 
D) stress unconscious forces over conscious ones. 
E) take a biological view rather than a social view.

Question 7

In Rotter's theory of personality, what is the relationship between need potential and behavior potential?

Accepted Answer

A) Need potential is a hypothetical concept, whereas behavior potential refers to an individual's actual behavior. 
B) Need potential refers to a group of functionally related behaviors; behavior potential refers to a particular behavior. 
C) Need potential can be measured solely through the observation of behavior, whereas behavior potential is inferred from test scores. 
D) There is no relationship between these two concepts. 
A) Need potential is a hypothetical concept, whereas behavior potential refers to an individual's actual behavior. 
B) Need potential refers to a group of functionally related behaviors; behavior potential refers to a particular behavior. 
C) Need potential can be measured solely through the observation of behavior, whereas behavior potential is inferred from test scores. 
D) There is no relationship between these two concepts.

Question 8

Mischel believes that people regulate their own behavior through

Accepted Answer

A) external rewards and punishments. 
B) an internal locus of control. 
C) self-made goals and consequences. 
D) a self-created master motive. 
A) external rewards and punishments. 
B) an internal locus of control. 
C) self-made goals and consequences. 
D) a self-created master motive.

Question 9

Rotter sees interpersonal trust as a

Accepted Answer

A) specific expectancy. 
B) generalized expectancy. 
C) belief that people are basically good. 
D) tendency to believe anything anyone says. 
A) specific expectancy. 
B) generalized expectancy. 
C) belief that people are basically good. 
D) tendency to believe anything anyone says.

Question 10

Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective personality system holds that

Accepted Answer

A) thoughts and emotions act independently to produce behavior. 
B) apparent inconsistencies in people's behavior reflect stable patterns of variation and can be used to predict behavior. 
C) apparent inconsistencies in people's behavior are due to random error that invalidates any attempts to predict behavior. 
D) behaviors are an outgrowth of stable, global personality traits-both cognitive and affective. 
A) thoughts and emotions act independently to produce behavior. 
B) apparent inconsistencies in people's behavior reflect stable patterns of variation and can be used to predict behavior. 
C) apparent inconsistencies in people's behavior are due to random error that invalidates any attempts to predict behavior. 
D) behaviors are an outgrowth of stable, global personality traits-both cognitive and affective.

Question 11

"The potential for any given behavior to occur in a particular situation or set of situations as calculated in relation to any single reinforcement or set of reinforcements," is Rotter's definition of

Accepted Answer

A) empirical law of effect. 
B) the psychological situation. 
C) behavior potential. 
D) expectancy. 
E) reinforcement value. 
A) empirical law of effect. 
B) the psychological situation. 
C) behavior potential. 
D) expectancy. 
E) reinforcement value.

Question 12

According to Rotter, conflict is most likely to arise when freedom of movement is

Accepted Answer

A) low and need value is high. 
B) high and need value is low. 
C) high and need value is high. 
D) low and need value is low. 
A) low and need value is high. 
B) high and need value is low. 
C) high and need value is high. 
D) low and need value is low.

Question 13

Rotter found that people who score high on the Interpersonal Trust Scale are generally more likely to _____ than are people who score low on this scale.

Accepted Answer

A) be psychologically disturbed 
B) lie to others 
C) lie to themselves 
D) respect the rights of others 
A) be psychologically disturbed 
B) lie to others 
C) lie to themselves 
D) respect the rights of others

Question 14

According to Rotter, the behavior potential in any situation is a function of

Accepted Answer

A) expectancy. 
B) reinforcement value. 
C) both of these. 
D) neither of these. 
A) expectancy. 
B) reinforcement value. 
C) both of these. 
D) neither of these.

Question 15

According to Rotter, if expectancy is held constant and reinforcement value varies, then it becomes possible to predict

Accepted Answer

A) the psychological situation. 
B) interpersonal trust. 
C) behavior potential. 
D) need value. 
E) all of these. 
A) the psychological situation. 
B) interpersonal trust. 
C) behavior potential. 
D) need value. 
E) all of these.

Question 16

Mischel's chief argument with trait theory is that it

Accepted Answer

A) assumes that behavior is quite consistent. 
B) is based on factor analysis. 
C) overlooks the subjective judgments of individuals. 
D) has an unscientific genetic component. 
E) rejects individual freedom and responsibility. 
A) assumes that behavior is quite consistent. 
B) is based on factor analysis. 
C) overlooks the subjective judgments of individuals. 
D) has an unscientific genetic component. 
E) rejects individual freedom and responsibility.

Question 17

Rotter's concept of ______ allows for more generalized predictions than those permitted by the basic prediction formula.

Accepted Answer

A) needs (i.e., goal-directed behavior[s]) 
B) reinforcement value 
C) expectancy 
D) external reinforcement 
E) reinforcement-reinforcement sequence 
A) needs (i.e., goal-directed behavior[s]) 
B) reinforcement value 
C) expectancy 
D) external reinforcement 
E) reinforcement-reinforcement sequence

Question 18

"The probability held by the individual that a particular reinforcement will occur as a function of a specific behavior on his [or her] part in a specific situation or situations" is Rotter's definition of

Accepted Answer

A) empirical law of effect. 
B) need. 
C) reinforcement value. 
D) expectancy. 
E) behavior potential. 
A) empirical law of effect. 
B) need. 
C) reinforcement value. 
D) expectancy. 
E) behavior potential.

Question 19

Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective personality system is an attempt to account for

Accepted Answer

A) trait variability across situations. 
B) people's inconsistent behaviors. 
C) people's stability of behaviors. 
D) both stable traits and situations. 
E) all of these. 
A) trait variability across situations. 
B) people's inconsistent behaviors. 
C) people's stability of behaviors. 
D) both stable traits and situations. 
E) all of these.

Question 20

According to Rotter, overall expectancy of success in any given situation depends on a person's

Accepted Answer

A) generalized expectancy. 
B) needs. 
C) both of these. 
D) neither of these. 
A) generalized expectancy. 
B) needs. 
C) both of these. 
D) neither of these.

Discuss Mischel's person-situation interaction, or conditional view of personal dispositions.

According to Rotter, people with high internal locus of control believe that

Rotter's basic prediction formula states that behavior potential is a function of

Rotter stated that when expectancies and situational variables are held constant, behavior is shaped by

tested the person-situation interaction by researching the conditional self-evaluation.They found:

In their concepts of humanity, both Rotter and Mischel

In Rotter's theory of personality, what is the relationship between need potential and behavior potential?

Mischel believes that people regulate their own behavior through

Rotter sees interpersonal trust as a

Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective personality system holds that

"The potential for any given behavior to occur in a particular situation or set of situations as calculated in relation to any single reinforcement or set of reinforcements," is Rotter's definition of

According to Rotter, conflict is most likely to arise when freedom of movement is

Rotter found that people who score high on the Interpersonal Trust Scale are generally more likely to _____ than are people who score low on this scale.

According to Rotter, the behavior potential in any situation is a function of

According to Rotter, if expectancy is held constant and reinforcement value varies, then it becomes possible to predict

Mischel's chief argument with trait theory is that it

Rotter's concept of ______ allows for more generalized predictions than those permitted by the basic prediction formula.

"The probability held by the individual that a particular reinforcement will occur as a function of a specific behavior on his [or her] part in a specific situation or situations" is Rotter's definition of

Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective personality system is an attempt to account for

According to Rotter, overall expectancy of success in any given situation depends on a person's

Introduction to Personality Theory

Freud: Psychoanalysis

Adler: Individual Psychology

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Klein: Object Relations Theory

Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory

Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis

Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

May: Existential Psychology

Allport: Psychology of the Individual

Mccrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory

Eysencks Biologically Based Factor Theory

Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality

Skinner: Behavioral Analysis

Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory

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Exam 17: Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory

Discuss Mischel's person-situation interaction, or conditional view of personal dispositions.

According to Rotter, people with high internal locus of control believe that

Rotter's basic prediction formula states that behavior potential is a function of

Rotter stated that when expectancies and situational variables are held constant, behavior is shaped by

tested the person-situation interaction by researching the conditional self-evaluation.They found:

In their concepts of humanity, both Rotter and Mischel

In Rotter's theory of personality, what is the relationship between need potential and behavior potential?

Mischel believes that people regulate their own behavior through

Rotter sees interpersonal trust as a

Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective personality system holds that

"The potential for any given behavior to occur in a particular situation or set of situations as calculated in relation to any single reinforcement or set of reinforcements," is Rotter's definition of

According to Rotter, conflict is most likely to arise when freedom of movement is

Rotter found that people who score high on the Interpersonal Trust Scale are generally more likely to _____ than are people who score low on this scale.

According to Rotter, the behavior potential in any situation is a function of

According to Rotter, if expectancy is held constant and reinforcement value varies, then it becomes possible to predict

Mischel's chief argument with trait theory is that it

Rotter's concept of ______ allows for more generalized predictions than those permitted by the basic prediction formula.

"The probability held by the individual that a particular reinforcement will occur as a function of a specific behavior on his [or her] part in a specific situation or situations" is Rotter's definition of

Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective personality system is an attempt to account for

According to Rotter, overall expectancy of success in any given situation depends on a person's

Introduction to Personality Theory

Freud: Psychoanalysis

Adler: Individual Psychology

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Klein: Object Relations Theory

Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory

Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis

Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

May: Existential Psychology

Allport: Psychology of the Individual

Mccrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory

Eysencks Biologically Based Factor Theory

Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality

Skinner: Behavioral Analysis

Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Filters