Question 1

In Rotter's theory, the likelihood that a person will behave in a given manner depends basically on his or her

Accepted Answer

A) expectation of receiving reinforcement. 
B) perceived value of the expected reinforcement. 
C) neither of these. 
D) both of these. 
A) expectation of receiving reinforcement. 
B) perceived value of the expected reinforcement. 
C) neither of these. 
D) both of these.

Question 2

Rotter insisted that an adequate theory of personality must take into consideration the assumption that people

Accepted Answer

A) are capable of anticipating events. 
B) are motivated primarily by drive reduction. 
C) are controlled in the same manner as animals. 
D) are only motivated by unconscious mental processes. 
A) are capable of anticipating events. 
B) are motivated primarily by drive reduction. 
C) are controlled in the same manner as animals. 
D) are only motivated by unconscious mental processes.

Question 3

According to Rotter, need potential is highest under conditions of

Accepted Answer

A) low freedom of movement and high need value. 
B) high freedom of movement and low need value. 
C) high freedom of movement and high need value. 
D) low freedom of movement and low need value. 
A) low freedom of movement and high need value. 
B) high freedom of movement and low need value. 
C) high freedom of movement and high need value. 
D) low freedom of movement and low need value.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT one of Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective units?

Accepted Answer

A) sense of self-efficacy 
B) encoding strategies 
C) goals and values 
D) competencies and self-regulatory strategies 
E) expectancies and beliefs 
A) sense of self-efficacy 
B) encoding strategies 
C) goals and values 
D) competencies and self-regulatory strategies 
E) expectancies and beliefs

Question 5

Rotter's most basic category of needs, in the sense that other needs are learned in relationship to it, is

Accepted Answer

A) recognition-status. 
B) dominance. 
C) physical comfort. 
D) independence. 
E) love and affection. 
A) recognition-status. 
B) dominance. 
C) physical comfort. 
D) independence. 
E) love and affection.

Question 6

By his own admission, Rotter was MOST influenced by

Accepted Answer

A) Freud. 
B) Thorndike. 
C) Jung. 
D) Adler. 
A) Freud. 
B) Thorndike. 
C) Jung. 
D) Adler.

Question 7

"A generalized expectancy held by an individual that the word, promise, oral or written statement of another individual or group can be relied on" is Rotter's definition of

Accepted Answer

A) social interest. 
B) interpersonal trust. 
C) external control of reinforcement. 
D) gullibility. 
A) social interest. 
B) interpersonal trust. 
C) external control of reinforcement. 
D) gullibility.

Question 8

Research by Mischel and Staub found that 8th-grade boys who believed that they had been successful on an earlier task

Accepted Answer

A) tended to choose immediate, but less valuable rewards. 
B) chose immediate, more valuable rewards. 
C) were able to wait for more valued, contingent rewards. 
D) showed widely varied choices in a delay of gratification task. 
A) tended to choose immediate, but less valuable rewards. 
B) chose immediate, more valuable rewards. 
C) were able to wait for more valued, contingent rewards. 
D) showed widely varied choices in a delay of gratification task.

Question 9

Mischel suggests that one reason why our behavior tends to be inconsistent is that we

Accepted Answer

A) have no unifying master motive. 
B) cannot predict others' behavior. 
C) lack a consistent philosophy of life. 
D) All of these are correct. 
E) None of these is correct. 
A) have no unifying master motive. 
B) cannot predict others' behavior. 
C) lack a consistent philosophy of life. 
D) All of these are correct. 
E) None of these is correct.

Question 10

Walter Mischel was born in the same city where _____ lived most of his life.

Accepted Answer

A) Albert Bandura 
B) Carl Jung 
C) Al Capone 
D) Sigmund Freud 
A) Albert Bandura 
B) Carl Jung 
C) Al Capone 
D) Sigmund Freud

Question 11

Explain Rotter's concepts of internal and external control of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

Internal and external control of reinfor

Question 12

An important aspect of Rotter's concept of humanity is his belief that people

Accepted Answer

A) are motivated by the single overriding drive toward self-actualization. 
B) are motivated more by their perceptions of events than by the events. 
C) can best be understood as extensions of laboratory animals. 
D) are driven by their past experiences with reinforcement. 
A) are motivated by the single overriding drive toward self-actualization. 
B) are motivated more by their perceptions of events than by the events. 
C) can best be understood as extensions of laboratory animals. 
D) are driven by their past experiences with reinforcement.

Question 13

Mischel's personality model suggests that behavior is caused by

Accepted Answer

A) people's view of themselves in a particular situation. 
B) people's view of environmental reinforcers. 
C) global personal traits acquired during infancy. 
D) a unifying master motive acquired during early adolescence. 
A) people's view of themselves in a particular situation. 
B) people's view of environmental reinforcers. 
C) global personal traits acquired during infancy. 
D) a unifying master motive acquired during early adolescence.

Question 14

Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective personality system predicts that a person's behavior will

Accepted Answer

A) stay stable from one situation to another. 
B) change from one situation to another, but in a meaningful manner. 
C) change from one situation to another, depending solely on differences in the situation. 
D) change as personal dispositions change. 
A) stay stable from one situation to another. 
B) change from one situation to another, but in a meaningful manner. 
C) change from one situation to another, depending solely on differences in the situation. 
D) change as personal dispositions change.

Question 15

Rotter's general prediction formula does NOT include the concept of

Accepted Answer

A) need potential. 
B) freedom of movement. 
C) need value. 
D) reinforcement value. 
A) need potential. 
B) freedom of movement. 
C) need value. 
D) reinforcement value.

Question 16

In Mischel and Shoda's personality system, behavior is shaped by people's specific cognitive and affective processes plus

Accepted Answer

A) their previous experiences with reinforcement. 
B) the unique situation. 
C) their personal dispositions. 
D) their motivation. 
A) their previous experiences with reinforcement. 
B) the unique situation. 
C) their personal dispositions. 
D) their motivation.

Question 17

Rotter's empirical law of effect states that motivation is any condition or event that

Accepted Answer

A) allows one to escape from a conflict. 
B) moves one in the direction of a goal. 
C) reduces tension or returns one to a state of homeostasis. 
D) enacts laws in a nation ruled by an emperor. 
A) allows one to escape from a conflict. 
B) moves one in the direction of a goal. 
C) reduces tension or returns one to a state of homeostasis. 
D) enacts laws in a nation ruled by an emperor.

Question 18

Mischel is most likely to say that

Accepted Answer

A) an individual's behaviors can be inconsistent from one situation to another. 
B) an individual's personality traits are not likely to endure over a period of time. 
C) human behavior is completely shaped by the laws of reinforcement. 
D) human personality is shaped by chance encounters and fortuitous events. 
A) an individual's behaviors can be inconsistent from one situation to another. 
B) an individual's personality traits are not likely to endure over a period of time. 
C) human behavior is completely shaped by the laws of reinforcement. 
D) human personality is shaped by chance encounters and fortuitous events.

Question 19

Rotter's basic prediction formula is most useful when

Accepted Answer

A) predicting novel behaviors. 
B) pertinent variables are rigorously controlled. 
C) making generalized predictions. 
D) need value is unknown. 
E) making specific predictions. 
A) predicting novel behaviors. 
B) pertinent variables are rigorously controlled. 
C) making generalized predictions. 
D) need value is unknown. 
E) making specific predictions.

Question 20

Scores on Rotter's Internal-External Control Scale

Accepted Answer

A) determine behavior. 
B) do not predict behavior in a specific situation. 
C) separate individuals into two different groups. 
D) can be used to predict psychopathology. 
A) determine behavior. 
B) do not predict behavior in a specific situation. 
C) separate individuals into two different groups. 
D) can be used to predict psychopathology.

In Rotter's theory, the likelihood that a person will behave in a given manner depends basically on his or her

Rotter insisted that an adequate theory of personality must take into consideration the assumption that people

According to Rotter, need potential is highest under conditions of

Which of the following is NOT one of Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective units?

Rotter's most basic category of needs, in the sense that other needs are learned in relationship to it, is

By his own admission, Rotter was MOST influenced by

"A generalized expectancy held by an individual that the word, promise, oral or written statement of another individual or group can be relied on" is Rotter's definition of

Research by Mischel and Staub found that 8th-grade boys who believed that they had been successful on an earlier task

Mischel suggests that one reason why our behavior tends to be inconsistent is that we

Walter Mischel was born in the same city where _____ lived most of his life.

Explain Rotter's concepts of internal and external control of reinforcement.

An important aspect of Rotter's concept of humanity is his belief that people

Mischel's personality model suggests that behavior is caused by

Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective personality system predicts that a person's behavior will

Rotter's general prediction formula does NOT include the concept of

In Mischel and Shoda's personality system, behavior is shaped by people's specific cognitive and affective processes plus

Rotter's empirical law of effect states that motivation is any condition or event that

Mischel is most likely to say that

Rotter's basic prediction formula is most useful when

Scores on Rotter's Internal-External Control Scale

Introduction to Personality Theory

Freud: Psychoanalysis

Adler: Individual Psychology

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Klein: Object Relations Theory

Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory

Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis

Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

May: Existential Psychology

Allport: Psychology of the Individual

Mccrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory

Eysencks Biologically Based Factor Theory

Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality

Skinner: Behavioral Analysis

Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory

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Exam 17: Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory

In Rotter's theory, the likelihood that a person will behave in a given manner depends basically on his or her

Rotter insisted that an adequate theory of personality must take into consideration the assumption that people

According to Rotter, need potential is highest under conditions of

Which of the following is NOT one of Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective units?

Rotter's most basic category of needs, in the sense that other needs are learned in relationship to it, is

By his own admission, Rotter was MOST influenced by

"A generalized expectancy held by an individual that the word, promise, oral or written statement of another individual or group can be relied on" is Rotter's definition of

Research by Mischel and Staub found that 8th-grade boys who believed that they had been successful on an earlier task

Mischel suggests that one reason why our behavior tends to be inconsistent is that we

Walter Mischel was born in the same city where _____ lived most of his life.

Explain Rotter's concepts of internal and external control of reinforcement.

An important aspect of Rotter's concept of humanity is his belief that people

Mischel's personality model suggests that behavior is caused by

Mischel and Shoda's cognitive-affective personality system predicts that a person's behavior will

Rotter's general prediction formula does NOT include the concept of

In Mischel and Shoda's personality system, behavior is shaped by people's specific cognitive and affective processes plus

Rotter's empirical law of effect states that motivation is any condition or event that

Mischel is most likely to say that

Rotter's basic prediction formula is most useful when

Scores on Rotter's Internal-External Control Scale

Introduction to Personality Theory

Freud: Psychoanalysis

Adler: Individual Psychology

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Klein: Object Relations Theory

Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory

Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis

Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

May: Existential Psychology

Allport: Psychology of the Individual

Mccrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory

Eysencks Biologically Based Factor Theory

Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality

Skinner: Behavioral Analysis

Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Filters