Question 1

The layers of a ureter are

Accepted Answer

A)  outer fibrous coat, middle muscular coat, inner mucous coat. 
B)  inner fibrous coat, middle muscular coat, outer mucous coat. 
C)  inner muscular coat, middle fibrous coat, outer inner mucous coat. 
D)  inner vascular coat, middle neural coat, outer mucous coat. 
A)  outer fibrous coat, middle muscular coat, inner mucous coat. 
B)  inner fibrous coat, middle muscular coat, outer mucous coat. 
C)  inner muscular coat, middle fibrous coat, outer inner mucous coat. 
D)  inner vascular coat, middle neural coat, outer mucous coat.

Question 2

The organs of the urinary system are

Accepted Answer

A)  the renal cortex, renal pelvis, and renal medulla. 
B)  the glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting duct. 
C)  a kidney, a ureter, and paired bladders and urethras. 
D)  paired kidneys, paired ureters, a bladder and a urethra. 
A)  the renal cortex, renal pelvis, and renal medulla. 
B)  the glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting duct. 
C)  a kidney, a ureter, and paired bladders and urethras. 
D)  paired kidneys, paired ureters, a bladder and a urethra.

Question 3

As a result of very low arterial blood pressure, glomerular hydrostatic pressure

Accepted Answer

A)  rises and filtration increases. 
B)  rises and filtration decreases. 
C)  drops and filtration increases. 
D)  drops and filtration decreases. 
A)  rises and filtration increases. 
B)  rises and filtration decreases. 
C)  drops and filtration increases. 
D)  drops and filtration decreases.

Question 4

The glomerular filtrate in the proximal convoluted tubule is isotonic to the plasma of the peritubular capillary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The countercurrent mechanism functions primarily in the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal corpuscle. 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule. 
C)  distal convoluted tubule 
D)  nephron loop. 
A)  renal corpuscle. 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule. 
C)  distal convoluted tubule 
D)  nephron loop.

Question 6

Peristaltic waves force urine along the length of the ureter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Kidney shrinkage with age is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  spooling of collecting ducts. 
B)  loss of glomeruli. 
C)  merging of proximal and distal convoluted tubules. 
D)  proliferating nephron loops. 
A)  spooling of collecting ducts. 
B)  loss of glomeruli. 
C)  merging of proximal and distal convoluted tubules. 
D)  proliferating nephron loops.

Question 8

Up to ______ of urea is filtered and recycled.

Accepted Answer

A)  33% 
B)  55% 
C)  80% 
D)  100% 
A)  33% 
B)  55% 
C)  80% 
D)  100%

Question 9

Which of the following is a normal constituent of urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urea 
B)  Water 
C)  Creatinine 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Urea 
B)  Water 
C)  Creatinine 
D)  All of the above

Question 10

A renal corpuscle includes the

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus and glomerular capsule. 
B)  glomerulus and renal tubule. 
C)  glomerular capsule and renal tubule. 
D)  renal tubule and collecting tubule. 
A)  glomerulus and glomerular capsule. 
B)  glomerulus and renal tubule. 
C)  glomerular capsule and renal tubule. 
D)  renal tubule and collecting tubule.

Question 11

Uric acid results from the metabolism of _____ _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Uric acid results from the metabolism of...

Question 12

Nocturnal enuresis is

Accepted Answer

A)  an infection. 
B)  bedwetting. 
C)  kidney damage from a toxin that 
D)  a form of kidney cancer. 
E)  coli produces. 
A)  an infection. 
B)  bedwetting. 
C)  kidney damage from a toxin that 
D)  a form of kidney cancer. 
E)  coli produces.

Question 13

An increase in sodium reabsorption increases water reabsorption by actively transporting water into the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A by-product of amino acid catabolism in the liver is

Accepted Answer

A)  uric acid. 
B)  urea. 
C)  ammonia. 
D)  water. 
A)  uric acid. 
B)  urea. 
C)  ammonia. 
D)  water.

Question 15

Females are at higher risk of contracting a urinary tract infection because

Accepted Answer

A)  the female urethra is shorter than the male's. 
B)  the female urethra is longer than the male's. 
C)  women sit down to urinate. 
D)  women use toilet paper when they urinate. 
A)  the female urethra is shorter than the male's. 
B)  the female urethra is longer than the male's. 
C)  women sit down to urinate. 
D)  women use toilet paper when they urinate.

Question 16

The story of Balkan endemic nephropathy indicated that

Accepted Answer

A)  a toxin in food can damage kidneys and cause cancer in the urinary tract. 
B)  kidney disease only affects people in Croatia. 
C)  drinking too much alcohol can strain the kidneys. 
D)  a terrorist can poison peoples' urinary systems by putting bacteria in the water supply.
Boxed Reading: Vignette 
A)  a toxin in food can damage kidneys and cause cancer in the urinary tract. 
B)  kidney disease only affects people in Croatia. 
C)  drinking too much alcohol can strain the kidneys. 
D)  a terrorist can poison peoples' urinary systems by putting bacteria in the water supply.
Boxed Reading: Vignette

Question 17

The urinary bladder is superior to the parietal peritoneum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

When the concentration of water in body fluids increases, the secretion of ADH increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The first capillary bed associated with the nephron

Accepted Answer

A)  filters. 
B)  reabsorbs nutrients. 
C)  adjusts pH. 
D)  reverses the flow of blood. 
A)  filters. 
B)  reabsorbs nutrients. 
C)  adjusts pH. 
D)  reverses the flow of blood.

Question 20

Marvin goes on vacation to Maine and for a week eats nothing but seafood. The next week, he experiences intense pain in his big toe. He probably has

Accepted Answer

A)  Balkan endemic nephropathy. 
B)  diuresis. 
C)  edema. 
D)  gout. 
A)  Balkan endemic nephropathy. 
B)  diuresis. 
C)  edema. 
D)  gout.

Exam 20: Urinary System

The layers of a ureter are

The organs of the urinary system are

As a result of very low arterial blood pressure, glomerular hydrostatic pressure

The glomerular filtrate in the proximal convoluted tubule is isotonic to the plasma of the peritubular capillary.

The countercurrent mechanism functions primarily in the

Peristaltic waves force urine along the length of the ureter.

Kidney shrinkage with age is due to

Up to ______ of urea is filtered and recycled.

Which of the following is a normal constituent of urine?

A renal corpuscle includes the

Uric acid results from the metabolism of _____ _____.

Nocturnal enuresis is

An increase in sodium reabsorption increases water reabsorption by actively transporting water into the blood.

A by-product of amino acid catabolism in the liver is

Females are at higher risk of contracting a urinary tract infection because

The story of Balkan endemic nephropathy indicated that

The urinary bladder is superior to the parietal peritoneum.

When the concentration of water in body fluids increases, the secretion of ADH increases.

The first capillary bed associated with the nephron

Marvin goes on vacation to Maine and for a week eats nothing but seafood. The next week, he experiences intense pain in his big toe. He probably has

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Cellular Metabolism

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

Nervous System II: Division of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

Genetics and Genomics

Filters

Uric acid results from the metabolism of _ _.