Question 1

Diabetes mellitus, in which fatty acids react to produce ketone bodies, leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory acidosis. 
B)  respiratory alkalosis. 
C)  metabolic acidosis. 
D)  metabolic alkalosis. 
A)  respiratory acidosis. 
B)  respiratory alkalosis. 
C)  metabolic acidosis. 
D)  metabolic alkalosis.

Question 2

Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by

Accepted Answer

A)  converting weak acids to strong acids. 
B)  converting strong acids to weak acids. 
C)  increasing breathing rate. 
D)  promoting the excretion of hydrogen ions. 
A)  converting weak acids to strong acids. 
B)  converting strong acids to weak acids. 
C)  increasing breathing rate. 
D)  promoting the excretion of hydrogen ions.

Question 3

The parts of an amino acid that are important in the protein buffer system are the

Accepted Answer

A)  amino and R groups. 
B)  amino and carboxyl groups. 
C)  monocarbonate and bicarbonate groups. 
D)  monohydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate groups. 
A)  amino and R groups. 
B)  amino and carboxyl groups. 
C)  monocarbonate and bicarbonate groups. 
D)  monohydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate groups.

Question 4

The concentration of calcium ions in extracellular fluid is regulated primarily by a hormone secreted by the _____ glands.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The concentration of calcium ions in extracellular...

Question 5

In a healthy body, the volume of water remains relatively stable at all times.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Edema is

Accepted Answer

A)  a response to dehydration. 
B)  caused by hyperproteinemia. 
C)  abnormal accumulation of extracellular fluid. 
D)  caused by depressed venous pressure. 
A)  a response to dehydration. 
B)  caused by hyperproteinemia. 
C)  abnormal accumulation of extracellular fluid. 
D)  caused by depressed venous pressure.

Question 7

Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form _____ _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form...

Question 8

Acidosis is a pH of arterial blood

Accepted Answer

A)  below 4.5 
B)  above 4.5 
C)  below 7.35 
D)  above 7.35 
A)  below 4.5 
B)  above 4.5 
C)  below 7.35 
D)  above 7.35

Question 9

Factors that alter water balance will also alter electrolyte balance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The respiratory center is most likely to increase the breathing rate if the

Accepted Answer

A)  concentration of carbonic acid is decreasing. 
B)  pH of body fluids is decreasing. 
C)  pH of body fluids is increasing. 
D)  concentration of sodium bicarbonate is increasing. 
A)  concentration of carbonic acid is decreasing. 
B)  pH of body fluids is decreasing. 
C)  pH of body fluids is increasing. 
D)  concentration of sodium bicarbonate is increasing.

Question 11

Which of the following would be most helpful in treating hypocalcemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Removing the parathyroid glands 
B)  Administering high doses of vitamin D and calcium salts 
C)  Stimulating calcium excretion by the kidneys 
D)  Avoiding foods that are high in calcium 
A)  Removing the parathyroid glands 
B)  Administering high doses of vitamin D and calcium salts 
C)  Stimulating calcium excretion by the kidneys 
D)  Avoiding foods that are high in calcium

Question 12

A person in a moderate environment would lose the greatest volume of water in

Accepted Answer

A)  sweat. 
B)  mucus. 
C)  feces. 
D)  urine. 
A)  sweat. 
B)  mucus. 
C)  feces. 
D)  urine.

Question 13

The sequence of symptoms of heatstroke is

Accepted Answer

A)  neurological symptoms, dizziness, skin reddening, and then headache and racing heart. 
B)  headache, dizziness, exhaustion, then sweating, which stops as the skin becomes red, hot, and dry. 
C)  intense itching, profuse sweating, kidney failure, racing pulse, headache. 
D)  fever, itching, redness, headache, numb extremities, vomiting. 
A)  neurological symptoms, dizziness, skin reddening, and then headache and racing heart. 
B)  headache, dizziness, exhaustion, then sweating, which stops as the skin becomes red, hot, and dry. 
C)  intense itching, profuse sweating, kidney failure, racing pulse, headache. 
D)  fever, itching, redness, headache, numb extremities, vomiting.

Question 14

Prolonged vomiting, in which only the stomach contents are lost, leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory acidosis. 
B)  respiratory alkalosis. 
C)  metabolic acidosis. 
D)  metabolic alkalosis. 
A)  respiratory acidosis. 
B)  respiratory alkalosis. 
C)  metabolic acidosis. 
D)  metabolic alkalosis.

Question 15

A person usually drinks about ____ milliliters a day.

Accepted Answer

A)  500 
B)  1,000 
C)  1,500 
D)  2,500 
A)  500 
B)  1,000 
C)  1,500 
D)  2,500

Question 16

Effects of hypokalemia include

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle weakness. 
B)  acne. 
C)  sweating. 
D)  diabetes. 
A)  muscle weakness. 
B)  acne. 
C)  sweating. 
D)  diabetes.

Question 17

Ingestion of too much sodium bicarbonate to relieve indigestion may lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory acidosis. 
B)  respiratory alkalosis. 
C)  metabolic acidosis. 
D)  metabolic alkalosis. 
A)  respiratory acidosis. 
B)  respiratory alkalosis. 
C)  metabolic acidosis. 
D)  metabolic alkalosis.

Question 18

Arterial blood with a pH below 7.35 produces _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Arterial blood with a pH below 7.35...

Question 19

Maxwell has just finished a brutal 10 kilometer run. His body has

Accepted Answer

A)  an increased production of carbonic acid and increased pH of body fluids. 
B)  an increased production of carbonic acid and decreased pH of body fluids. 
C)  a decreased production of carbonic acid, and increased pH of body fluids. 
D)  a decreased production of carbonic acid and decreased pH of body fluids. 
A)  an increased production of carbonic acid and increased pH of body fluids. 
B)  an increased production of carbonic acid and decreased pH of body fluids. 
C)  a decreased production of carbonic acid, and increased pH of body fluids. 
D)  a decreased production of carbonic acid and decreased pH of body fluids.

Question 20

Which of the following body compartments is correctly matched with its location in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  intracellular - all fluids outside cells 
B)  extracellular - fluid in tissue spaces, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels 
C)  extracellular - fluid in cells 
D)  transcellular - between the lipid layers of cell membranes 
A)  intracellular - all fluids outside cells 
B)  extracellular - fluid in tissue spaces, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels 
C)  extracellular - fluid in cells 
D)  transcellular - between the lipid layers of cell membranes

Exam 21: Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Diabetes mellitus, in which fatty acids react to produce ketone bodies, leads to

Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by

The parts of an amino acid that are important in the protein buffer system are the

The concentration of calcium ions in extracellular fluid is regulated primarily by a hormone secreted by the _____ glands.

In a healthy body, the volume of water remains relatively stable at all times.

Edema is

Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form _____ _____.

Acidosis is a pH of arterial blood

Factors that alter water balance will also alter electrolyte balance.

The respiratory center is most likely to increase the breathing rate if the

Which of the following would be most helpful in treating hypocalcemia?

A person in a moderate environment would lose the greatest volume of water in

The sequence of symptoms of heatstroke is

Prolonged vomiting, in which only the stomach contents are lost, leads to

A person usually drinks about ____ milliliters a day.

Effects of hypokalemia include

Ingestion of too much sodium bicarbonate to relieve indigestion may lead to

Arterial blood with a pH below 7.35 produces _____________.

Maxwell has just finished a brutal 10 kilometer run. His body has

Which of the following body compartments is correctly matched with its location in the body?

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Cellular Metabolism

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

Nervous System II: Division of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

Genetics and Genomics

Filters

Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form _ _.