Question 1

Drinking plain water after a long period of excessive sweating can do all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) dilute the sodium in the blood. 
B) cause water toxicity. 
C) result in nausea,muscle cramps and confusion. 
D) increase potassium in the blood causing high blood pressure. 
A) dilute the sodium in the blood. 
B) cause water toxicity. 
C) result in nausea,muscle cramps and confusion. 
D) increase potassium in the blood causing high blood pressure.

Question 2

Extracellular fluid does NOT include:

Accepted Answer

A) blood. 
B) lymph. 
C) fluid within cells. 
D) interstitial fluid. 
A) blood. 
B) lymph. 
C) fluid within cells. 
D) interstitial fluid.

Question 3

Which hormone signals the kidneys to reabsorb water back into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

A) Angiotensinogen 
B) Antidiuretic hormone 
C) Calcitonin 
D) Adrenal hormone 
A) Angiotensinogen 
B) Antidiuretic hormone 
C) Calcitonin 
D) Adrenal hormone

Question 4

Which organ is responsible for regulating sodium and chloride concentrations in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Brain 
B) Kidneys 
C) Liver 
D) Pancreas 
A) Brain 
B) Kidneys 
C) Liver 
D) Pancreas

Question 5

An electrical charge or membrane potential exists across nerve cell membranes because:

Accepted Answer

A) the membrane is permeable to sodium ions. 
B) the cell membrane allows more positively charged ions to leak out than to leak in. 
C) the membrane is impermeable to all ions. 
D) water can flow freely across the membrane. 
A) the membrane is permeable to sodium ions. 
B) the cell membrane allows more positively charged ions to leak out than to leak in. 
C) the membrane is impermeable to all ions. 
D) water can flow freely across the membrane.

Question 6

Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in an increased need for water?

Accepted Answer

A) High potassium intake 
B) A low-calorie diet 
C) Consuming many high protein foods 
D) Lactation 
A) High potassium intake 
B) A low-calorie diet 
C) Consuming many high protein foods 
D) Lactation

Question 7

Water is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract by:

Accepted Answer

A) active transport. 
B) Brownian motion. 
C) osmosis. 
D) endocytosis. 
A) active transport. 
B) Brownian motion. 
C) osmosis. 
D) endocytosis.

Question 8

Osmosis requires all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) glucose. 
B) a selectively permeable membrane. 
C) dissolved solutes. 
D) water. 
A) glucose. 
B) a selectively permeable membrane. 
C) dissolved solutes. 
D) water.

Question 9

The UL for sodium intake is _______ mg/day.

Accepted Answer

A) 1000 
B) 1850 
C) 2300 
D) One has not been established 
A) 1000 
B) 1850 
C) 2300 
D) One has not been established

Question 10

Which of the following individuals is at risk for dehydration?

Accepted Answer

A) An athlete,exercising in cool weather 
B) An elderly woman,just returning from a 4 hour flight 
C) A child recovering from diarrhea 
D) All are potentially at risk for dehydration 
A) An athlete,exercising in cool weather 
B) An elderly woman,just returning from a 4 hour flight 
C) A child recovering from diarrhea 
D) All are potentially at risk for dehydration

Question 11

Good sources of potassium include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) tomatoes. 
B) bananas. 
C) snack crackers. 
D) potatoes. 
A) tomatoes. 
B) bananas. 
C) snack crackers. 
D) potatoes.

Question 12

Salt is added to processed food for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) to balance potassium content. 
B) to inhibit the growth of bacteria. 
C) to enhance flavor. 
D) as a preservative. 
A) to balance potassium content. 
B) to inhibit the growth of bacteria. 
C) to enhance flavor. 
D) as a preservative.

Question 13

In most people,hypertension results from:

Accepted Answer

A) no obvious external cause. 
B) diabetes. 
C) kidney disease. 
D) atherosclerosis. 
A) no obvious external cause. 
B) diabetes. 
C) kidney disease. 
D) atherosclerosis.

Question 14

The function of synovial fluid is to:

Accepted Answer

A) allow excess heat to escape from the body. 
B) lubricate joints. 
C) provide a protective cushion around the developing fetus. 
D) lubricate the mouth. 
A) allow excess heat to escape from the body. 
B) lubricate joints. 
C) provide a protective cushion around the developing fetus. 
D) lubricate the mouth.

Question 15

The shrinking of a strawberry from water loss after being sprinkled with sugar is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) condensation. 
B) osmosis. 
C) alkalosis. 
D) diffusion. 
A) condensation. 
B) osmosis. 
C) alkalosis. 
D) diffusion.

Question 16

Healthy blood pressure is defined as ___________________ mm of mercury.

Accepted Answer

A) ≤ 120/80 
B) ≤ 140/90 
C) ≤ 160/100 
D) between 120/80 and 140/90 
A) ≤ 120/80 
B) ≤ 140/90 
C) ≤ 160/100 
D) between 120/80 and 140/90

Question 17

A water loss of _______ of body weight can impair physical and cognitive performance.

Accepted Answer

A) 1-2% 
B) 5-7% 
C) 10% 
D) 20% 
A) 1-2% 
B) 5-7% 
C) 10% 
D) 20%

Question 18

The best source of potassium per calorie comes from:

Accepted Answer

A) fruits and vegetables. 
B) whole grains. 
C) lean protein. 
D) low-fat dairy. 
A) fruits and vegetables. 
B) whole grains. 
C) lean protein. 
D) low-fat dairy.

Question 19

When table salt is dissolved in water,the sodium and chloride ions:

Accepted Answer

A) form a covalent bond. 
B) dissociate. 
C) form an ionic bond. 
D) associate. 
A) form a covalent bond. 
B) dissociate. 
C) form an ionic bond. 
D) associate.

Question 20

The DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension)diet is best characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A) high intake of fruits and vegetables,but no dairy foods. 
B) plenty of fruits,vegetables & whole grains,with lean protein and low-fat dairy foods. 
C) abundant whole & refined grains and high-protein foods,but low in dairy. 
D) plenty of high-protein and dairy foods. 
A) high intake of fruits and vegetables,but no dairy foods. 
B) plenty of fruits,vegetables & whole grains,with lean protein and low-fat dairy foods. 
C) abundant whole & refined grains and high-protein foods,but low in dairy. 
D) plenty of high-protein and dairy foods.

Exam 10: Water and the Electrolytes

Drinking plain water after a long period of excessive sweating can do all of the following EXCEPT:

Extracellular fluid does NOT include:

Which hormone signals the kidneys to reabsorb water back into the bloodstream?

Which organ is responsible for regulating sodium and chloride concentrations in the body?

An electrical charge or membrane potential exists across nerve cell membranes because:

Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in an increased need for water?

Water is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract by:

Osmosis requires all of the following EXCEPT:

The UL for sodium intake is _______ mg/day.

Which of the following individuals is at risk for dehydration?

Good sources of potassium include all of the following EXCEPT:

Salt is added to processed food for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

In most people,hypertension results from:

The function of synovial fluid is to:

The shrinking of a strawberry from water loss after being sprinkled with sugar is an example of:

Healthy blood pressure is defined as ___________________ mm of mercury.

A water loss of _______ of body weight can impair physical and cognitive performance.

The best source of potassium per calorie comes from:

When table salt is dissolved in water,the sodium and chloride ions:

The DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension)diet is best characterized by:

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fiber

Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Cholesterol

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Minerals

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: The Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus on Alcohol

Focus on Eating Disorders

Focus on Phytochemicals

Focus on Nonvitaminnonmineral Supplements

Focus on Biotechnology

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