Question 1

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by   Fe.

Accepted Answer

A)    Co 
B)    Mn 
C)    Co 
D)    Mn 
E)    Cr 
A)    Co 
B)    Mn 
C)    Co 
D)    Mn 
E)    Cr

Question 2

Nuclides below the valley of stability can become more stable through which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A) gamma emission 
B) beta emission 
C) positron emission 
D) neutron emission 
E) neutron bombardment 
A) gamma emission 
B) beta emission 
C) positron emission 
D) neutron emission 
E) neutron bombardment

Question 3

Carbon-11 is used in medical imaging. The half-life of this radioisotope is 20.4 min. What percentage of a sample remains after 60.0 min?

Accepted Answer

A) 71.2 
B) 5.28 
C) 13.0 
D) 34.0 
E) 2.94 
A) 71.2 
B) 5.28 
C) 13.0 
D) 34.0 
E) 2.94

Question 4

Which of the following elements would be expected to be particularly stable?

Accepted Answer

A)    C 
B)    B 
C)    Be 
D)    Li 
A)    C 
B)    B 
C)    Be 
D)    Li

Question 5

Identify the nuclide that has the longest half-life.

Accepted Answer

A)    U 
B)    C 
C)    Rn 
D)    Th 
E)    Th 
A)    U 
B)    C 
C)    Rn 
D)    Th 
E)    Th

Question 6

Complete the following equation of nuclear transmutation.   U +   C ?   Cf + 6 ______

Accepted Answer

A)    e 
B)    $\gamma$ 
C)    e 
D)    H 
E)    n 
A)    e 
B)    $\gamma$ 
C)    e 
D)    H 
E)    n

Question 7

Explain the concept of "magic numbers."

Accepted Answer

They are even number

Question 8

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Positrons are similar in ionizing power and penetrating power to alpha particles. 
B) A positron is the antiparticle of the protons. 
C) Alpha particles are the heaviest particles of radioactive decay and as such have the highest penetrating power. 
D) An alpha particle is a helium 2+ ion. 
E) A simultaneous emission of alpha and beta rays is called gamma radiation. 
A) Positrons are similar in ionizing power and penetrating power to alpha particles. 
B) A positron is the antiparticle of the protons. 
C) Alpha particles are the heaviest particles of radioactive decay and as such have the highest penetrating power. 
D) An alpha particle is a helium 2+ ion. 
E) A simultaneous emission of alpha and beta rays is called gamma radiation.

Question 9

How does a dosimeter measure exposure to radioactivity?

Accepted Answer

A dosimeter is usually a piece of photog

Question 10

Describe what changes occur in the atomic nucleus during electron capture.

Accepted Answer

A) The mass number and atomic number decrease. 
B) The mass number and atomic number increase. 
C) The mass number is unchanged and the atomic number decreases. 
D) The mass number is unchanged and the atomic number increases. 
E) The mass number and atomic number do not change. 
A) The mass number and atomic number decrease. 
B) The mass number and atomic number increase. 
C) The mass number is unchanged and the atomic number decreases. 
D) The mass number is unchanged and the atomic number increases. 
E) The mass number and atomic number do not change.

Question 11

beta particle
Match the following.

Accepted Answer

A)    e 
B)    He 
C)    e 
D)    $\gamma$ 
E)    p
F)   n 
A)    e 
B)    He 
C)    e 
D)    $\gamma$ 
E)    p
F)   n

Question 12

Write a nuclear equation to describe the neutron-induced fission of U-235 to form Xe-134 and Sr-100. Determine how many neutrons are produced in the reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 3 
C) 1 
D) 0 
E) 2 
A) 4 
B) 3 
C) 1 
D) 0 
E) 2

Question 13

Determine how many neutrons are produced during the spontaneous fission of   Am to form I-134 and Mo-107.

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4 
A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4

Question 14

neutron
Match the following.

Accepted Answer

A)    e 
B)    He 
C)    e 
D)    $\gamma$ 
E)    p
F)   n 
A)    e 
B)    He 
C)    e 
D)    $\gamma$ 
E)    p
F)   n

Question 15

If we start with 1.000 g of strontium-90, 0.908 g will remain after 4.00 y. This means that the half-life of strontium-90 is ________ y.

Accepted Answer

A) 3.05 
B) 4.40 
C) 28.7 
D) 3.63 
E) 41.6 
A) 3.05 
B) 4.40 
C) 28.7 
D) 3.63 
E) 41.6

Question 16

Which of the following nuclides are most likely to decay via beta decay?

Accepted Answer

A) I-131 
B) Ar-40 
C) F-18 
D) Zr-90 
E) Pb-206 
A) I-131 
B) Ar-40 
C) F-18 
D) Zr-90 
E) Pb-206

Question 17

In addition to a beta particle, what is the other product of beta decay of   Pb?

Accepted Answer

A)    Hg 
B)    Tl 
C)    Bi 
D)    Po 
A)    Hg 
B)    Tl 
C)    Bi 
D)    Po

Question 18

Write a nuclear equation for the alpha decay of   U.

Accepted Answer

A)    U →   n +   U 
B)    U →   e +   Np 
C)    U →   He +   Th 
D)    U →   e +   Pa 
E)    U →   e +   Pa 
A)    U →   n +   U 
B)    U →   e +   Np 
C)    U →   He +   Th 
D)    U →   e +   Pa 
E)    U →   e +   Pa

Question 19

Fluorine-18 undergoes positron emission with a half-life of 1.10 × 102 minutes. If a patient is given a 248 mg dose for a PET scan, how long will it take for the amount of fluorine-18 to drop to 83 mg? (Assume that none of the fluorine is excreted from the body.)

Accepted Answer

A) 99 minutes 
B) 1.7 × 102 minutes 
C) 1.3 × 102 minutes 
D) 3.0 × 102 minutes 
E) 2.1 × 102 minutes 
A) 99 minutes 
B) 1.7 × 102 minutes 
C) 1.3 × 102 minutes 
D) 3.0 × 102 minutes 
E) 2.1 × 102 minutes

Question 20

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by   Pa.

Accepted Answer

A)    Th 
B)    Np 
C)    Ac 
D)    U 
E)    Th 
A)    Th 
B)    Np 
C)    Ac 
D)    U 
E)    Th

Exam 19: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by Fe.

Nuclides below the valley of stability can become more stable through which of the following processes?

Carbon-11 is used in medical imaging. The half-life of this radioisotope is 20.4 min. What percentage of a sample remains after 60.0 min?

Which of the following elements would be expected to be particularly stable?

Identify the nuclide that has the longest half-life.

Complete the following equation of nuclear transmutation. U + C ? Cf + 6 ______

Explain the concept of "magic numbers."

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

How does a dosimeter measure exposure to radioactivity?

Describe what changes occur in the atomic nucleus during electron capture.

beta particle Match the following.

Write a nuclear equation to describe the neutron-induced fission of U-235 to form Xe-134 and Sr-100. Determine how many neutrons are produced in the reaction.

Determine how many neutrons are produced during the spontaneous fission of Am to form I-134 and Mo-107.

neutron Match the following.

If we start with 1.000 g of strontium-90, 0.908 g will remain after 4.00 y. This means that the half-life of strontium-90 is ________ y.

Which of the following nuclides are most likely to decay via beta decay?

In addition to a beta particle, what is the other product of beta decay of Pb?

Write a nuclear equation for the alpha decay of U.

Fluorine-18 undergoes positron emission with a half-life of 1.10 × 102 minutes. If a patient is given a 248 mg dose for a PET scan, how long will it take for the amount of fluorine-18 to drop to 83 mg? (Assume that none of the fluorine is excreted from the body.)

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by Pa.

Units of Measurement for Physical and Chemical Change

Atoms and Elements

Molecules, Compounds, and Nomenclature

Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry

Gases

Thermochemistry

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Chemical Bonding I: Lewis Theory

Chemical Bonding Ii: Molecular Shapes, Valence Bond Theory, and Molecular Orbital Theory

Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces

Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium

Gibbs Energy and Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Organic Chemistry I: Structures

Organic Chemistry II: Reactions

Biochemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Metals and Metallury

Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds

Filters

Fluorine-18 undergoes positron emission with a half-life of 1.10 × 10² minutes. If a patient is given a 248 mg dose for a PET scan, how long will it take for the amount of fluorine-18 to drop to 83 mg? (Assume that none of the fluorine is excreted from the body.)