Question 1

Which of the following will NOT lead to a greater likelihood of being helped?

Accepted Answer

A)  crying out dramatically that you have been injured 
B)  singling out a specific person and asking him or her to help you 
C)  being in a group with your friends 
D)  staying calm so that you do not alarm passersby 
A)  crying out dramatically that you have been injured 
B)  singling out a specific person and asking him or her to help you 
C)  being in a group with your friends 
D)  staying calm so that you do not alarm passersby

Question 2

Recall that Steblay (1987)reviewed 35 studies that compared helping rates in rural and urban environments.What did she find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women help more in urban areas, but men help more in rural areas. 
B)  People are more likely to receive help in rural areas than in urban areas. 
C)  People are more likely to receive help in urban areas than in rural areas. 
D)  People are more likely to help friends in urban areas, but more likely to help strangers in rural areas. 
A)  Women help more in urban areas, but men help more in rural areas. 
B)  People are more likely to receive help in rural areas than in urban areas. 
C)  People are more likely to receive help in urban areas than in rural areas. 
D)  People are more likely to help friends in urban areas, but more likely to help strangers in rural areas.

Question 3

In one experiment,smoke filtered into a room when participants were filling out a questionnaire.Results indicated that participants were most likely to report the smoke to the experimenter when they were in the room

Accepted Answer

A)  with the experimenter. 
B)  alone. 
C)  with two calm confederates. 
D)  with two other study participants. 
A)  with the experimenter. 
B)  alone. 
C)  with two calm confederates. 
D)  with two other study participants.

Question 4

The textbook describes several studies that compare people's behavior in the prisoner's dilemma game across countries.Together,these studies suggest three characteristics common in people who choose to cooperate in the game.Name two of these three characteristics and discuss why these might lead people to cooperate in the prisoner's dilemma game.

Accepted Answer

When people are primed to think about re

Question 5

Researchers have offered three explanations for the rural-urban difference in helping rates.Which of the following is NOT one of those three explanations?

Accepted Answer

A)  People who choose to live in cities are less empathic than people who live in rural areas. 
B)  People who live in cities experience stimulus overload and are less likely to notice others who may need help. 
C)  Urban areas are more diverse, and we are less likely to help people who are different from ourselves. 
D)  There are more people around in urban compared with rural areas, so there is more risk of diffusion of responsibility occurring. 
A)  People who choose to live in cities are less empathic than people who live in rural areas. 
B)  People who live in cities experience stimulus overload and are less likely to notice others who may need help. 
C)  Urban areas are more diverse, and we are less likely to help people who are different from ourselves. 
D)  There are more people around in urban compared with rural areas, so there is more risk of diffusion of responsibility occurring.

Question 6

Janet is sitting in the front of the bus when she hears someone cry out from the back of the bus.Research suggests that she is more likely to help this person if

Accepted Answer

A)  she is in a rush. 
B)  she is worried about an upcoming test. 
C)  the bus is crowded. 
D)  the person yells, "Help me!" 
A)  she is in a rush. 
B)  she is worried about an upcoming test. 
C)  the bus is crowded. 
D)  the person yells, "Help me!"

Question 7

Robert Axelrod has argued that the success of the tit-for-tat strategy is due to five principles: the strategy is cooperative,not envious,

Accepted Answer

A)  forgiving, not exploitable, and hard to read. 
B)  forgiving, exploitable, and hard to read. 
C)  forgiving, not exploitable, and easy to read. 
D)  unforgiving, not exploitable, and easy to read. 
A)  forgiving, not exploitable, and hard to read. 
B)  forgiving, exploitable, and hard to read. 
C)  forgiving, not exploitable, and easy to read. 
D)  unforgiving, not exploitable, and easy to read.

Question 8

Give an example of how construal processes can influence cooperation.

Accepted Answer

Examples will vary but should be based o

Question 9

Which of the following examples does NOT support the concept of kin selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Friends jump into a river to save a drowning friend, but all of them die. 
B)  Across cultures, people are more willing to help closely related individuals than strangers. 
C)  A ground squirrel will put itself in danger to warn another genetically related squirrel of danger. 
D)  Identical twins cooperate more when working together than do fraternal twins. 
A)  Friends jump into a river to save a drowning friend, but all of them die. 
B)  Across cultures, people are more willing to help closely related individuals than strangers. 
C)  A ground squirrel will put itself in danger to warn another genetically related squirrel of danger. 
D)  Identical twins cooperate more when working together than do fraternal twins.

Question 10

Jane plays the prisoner's dilemma game while in an fMRI scanner.If Jane chooses to cooperate during the game,she is likely to exhibit increased activation in the same brain region that is activated when she

Accepted Answer

A)  looks at pictures of wounded veterans. 
B)  tastes something sweet. 
C)  looks at photos of outgroup members. 
D)  looks at pictures of tropical vacations, and when she tastes something sweet. 
A)  looks at pictures of wounded veterans. 
B)  tastes something sweet. 
C)  looks at photos of outgroup members. 
D)  looks at pictures of tropical vacations, and when she tastes something sweet.

Question 11

The concept of ________ refers to the tendency for natural selection to favor behaviors that increase the chances of survival of genetic relatives.

Accepted Answer

A)  exclusive fitness 
B)  mate preferences 
C)  parental investment 
D)  kin selection 
A)  exclusive fitness 
B)  mate preferences 
C)  parental investment 
D)  kin selection

Question 12

According to the textbook,upper-class individuals are on average less altruistic than lower-class individuals.What is one research-supported way this trend can be neutralized?

Accepted Answer

A)  By pointing out to upper-class people how well off they are. 
B)  By modeling altruism off of other upper-class people, such as Bill Gates. 
C)  By offering upper-class individuals gifts and asking them to pay it forward. 
D)  By inducing more empathetic concern in upper-class people. 
A)  By pointing out to upper-class people how well off they are. 
B)  By modeling altruism off of other upper-class people, such as Bill Gates. 
C)  By offering upper-class individuals gifts and asking them to pay it forward. 
D)  By inducing more empathetic concern in upper-class people.

Question 13

Drawing on research described in the textbook,evaluate the idea that gossip is a negative behavior that people should avoid.

Accepted Answer

Gossip is a communicative act in which s

Question 14

In one study,Batson and his colleagues (1983,1991)manipulated whether participants were feeling more or less empathic when evaluating another person,and then they asked participants if they would help the person in the future.Some participants thought that both the experimenter and the person needing help knew their decisions (i.e.,helping was made public),but other participants thought that their responses were anonymous.The results showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  when helping was made public, low-empathy participants helped just as much as high-empathy participants. 
B)  low-empathy participants helped more when helping was public, but high-empathy participants helped more when helping was anonymous. 
C)  high-empathy participants helped more than low-empathy participants, even when helping was anonymous. 
D)  low empathy participants said they would help more when the helping was public, but they did not follow through on their promises. 
A)  when helping was made public, low-empathy participants helped just as much as high-empathy participants. 
B)  low-empathy participants helped more when helping was public, but high-empathy participants helped more when helping was anonymous. 
C)  high-empathy participants helped more than low-empathy participants, even when helping was anonymous. 
D)  low empathy participants said they would help more when the helping was public, but they did not follow through on their promises.

Question 15

Lauren is participating in research involving the prisoner's dilemma,but she has been told it is called the "Wall Street" game.David is participating in the same experiment,but he has been told the game is called the "community" game.How are these labels likely to affect their decisions?

Accepted Answer

A)  David will focus on maximizing his own profits because men are more competitive. 
B)  David is more likely to be competitive in the first round of the game, whereas Lauren is more likely to cooperate. 
C)  The labels will not influence their decisions in the game. 
D)  Lauren is more likely to be competitive in the first round of the game, whereas David is more likely to cooperate. 
A)  David will focus on maximizing his own profits because men are more competitive. 
B)  David is more likely to be competitive in the first round of the game, whereas Lauren is more likely to cooperate. 
C)  The labels will not influence their decisions in the game. 
D)  Lauren is more likely to be competitive in the first round of the game, whereas David is more likely to cooperate.

Question 16

Imagine that you witness a car plowing into a pedestrian.Research on bystander intervention suggests that you are most likely to offer help if there

Accepted Answer

A)  is only one other eyewitness. 
B)  are two other eyewitnesses. 
C)  are six other eyewitnesses. 
D)  are eight other eyewitnesses. 
A)  is only one other eyewitness. 
B)  are two other eyewitnesses. 
C)  are six other eyewitnesses. 
D)  are eight other eyewitnesses.

Question 17

Daniel Batson has argued that there are three main motives for helping others.They are

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocity, kin selection, and social rewards. 
B)  social rewards, personal distress, and empathic concern. 
C)  sympathy, reputational advantages, and reciprocity. 
D)  personal distress, sympathy, and empathic concern. 
A)  reciprocity, kin selection, and social rewards. 
B)  social rewards, personal distress, and empathic concern. 
C)  sympathy, reputational advantages, and reciprocity. 
D)  personal distress, sympathy, and empathic concern.

Question 18

Describe a hypothetical scenario in which a person needs help but is unlikely to receive it due to diffusion of responsibility.Next,list two things that the person could say or do to increase his or her odds of receiving help.

Accepted Answer

Examples will vary but should focus on s

Question 19

When we help others in order to receive positive attention or gratitude,we are motivated by ________,but when we help others because we identify with people in need,we are motivated by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocity; social rewards 
B)  personal distress; empathic concern 
C)  sympathy; empathy 
D)  social rewards; empathic concern 
A)  reciprocity; social rewards 
B)  personal distress; empathic concern 
C)  sympathy; empathy 
D)  social rewards; empathic concern

Question 20

Which of the following characteristics or behaviors of a player in the prisoner's dilemma game does NOT increase his or her partner's cooperation?

Accepted Answer

A)  listening to other attentively 
B)  cooperating in a quick spontaneous fashion 
C)  sharing a physical resemblance 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  listening to other attentively 
B)  cooperating in a quick spontaneous fashion 
C)  sharing a physical resemblance 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following will NOT lead to a greater likelihood of being helped?

Recall that Steblay (1987)reviewed 35 studies that compared helping rates in rural and urban environments.What did she find?

In one experiment,smoke filtered into a room when participants were filling out a questionnaire.Results indicated that participants were most likely to report the smoke to the experimenter when they were in the room

Researchers have offered three explanations for the rural-urban difference in helping rates.Which of the following is NOT one of those three explanations?

Janet is sitting in the front of the bus when she hears someone cry out from the back of the bus.Research suggests that she is more likely to help this person if

Robert Axelrod has argued that the success of the tit-for-tat strategy is due to five principles: the strategy is cooperative,not envious,

Give an example of how construal processes can influence cooperation.

Which of the following examples does NOT support the concept of kin selection?

Jane plays the prisoner's dilemma game while in an fMRI scanner.If Jane chooses to cooperate during the game,she is likely to exhibit increased activation in the same brain region that is activated when she

The concept of ________ refers to the tendency for natural selection to favor behaviors that increase the chances of survival of genetic relatives.

According to the textbook,upper-class individuals are on average less altruistic than lower-class individuals.What is one research-supported way this trend can be neutralized?

Drawing on research described in the textbook,evaluate the idea that gossip is a negative behavior that people should avoid.

Lauren is participating in research involving the prisoner's dilemma,but she has been told it is called the "Wall Street" game.David is participating in the same experiment,but he has been told the game is called the "community" game.How are these labels likely to affect their decisions?

Imagine that you witness a car plowing into a pedestrian.Research on bystander intervention suggests that you are most likely to offer help if there

Daniel Batson has argued that there are three main motives for helping others.They are

Describe a hypothetical scenario in which a person needs help but is unlikely to receive it due to diffusion of responsibility.Next,list two things that the person could say or do to increase his or her odds of receiving help.

When we help others in order to receive positive attention or gratitude,we are motivated by ,but when we help others because we identify with people in need,we are motivated by .

Which of the following characteristics or behaviors of a player in the prisoner's dilemma game does NOT increase his or her partner's cooperation?

An Invitation to Social Psychology

The Methods of Social Psychology

The Social Self

Social Cognition: Thinking About

Social Attribution: Explaining Behavior

Emotion

Attitudes, Behavior, and Rationalization

Persuasion

Social Influence

Relationships and Attraction

Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Groups

Aggression

Application Module 1 : Social Psychology and Health

Application Module 2 : Social Psychology and Educatio

Application Module 3 :social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Exam 14: Altruism and Cooperation

Which of the following will NOT lead to a greater likelihood of being helped?

Recall that Steblay (1987)reviewed 35 studies that compared helping rates in rural and urban environments.What did she find?

In one experiment,smoke filtered into a room when participants were filling out a questionnaire.Results indicated that participants were most likely to report the smoke to the experimenter when they were in the room

Researchers have offered three explanations for the rural-urban difference in helping rates.Which of the following is NOT one of those three explanations?

Janet is sitting in the front of the bus when she hears someone cry out from the back of the bus.Research suggests that she is more likely to help this person if

Robert Axelrod has argued that the success of the tit-for-tat strategy is due to five principles: the strategy is cooperative,not envious,

Give an example of how construal processes can influence cooperation.

Which of the following examples does NOT support the concept of kin selection?

Jane plays the prisoner's dilemma game while in an fMRI scanner.If Jane chooses to cooperate during the game,she is likely to exhibit increased activation in the same brain region that is activated when she

The concept of ________ refers to the tendency for natural selection to favor behaviors that increase the chances of survival of genetic relatives.

According to the textbook,upper-class individuals are on average less altruistic than lower-class individuals.What is one research-supported way this trend can be neutralized?

Drawing on research described in the textbook,evaluate the idea that gossip is a negative behavior that people should avoid.

Lauren is participating in research involving the prisoner's dilemma,but she has been told it is called the "Wall Street" game.David is participating in the same experiment,but he has been told the game is called the "community" game.How are these labels likely to affect their decisions?

Imagine that you witness a car plowing into a pedestrian.Research on bystander intervention suggests that you are most likely to offer help if there

Daniel Batson has argued that there are three main motives for helping others.They are

Describe a hypothetical scenario in which a person needs help but is unlikely to receive it due to diffusion of responsibility.Next,list two things that the person could say or do to increase his or her odds of receiving help.

When we help others in order to receive positive attention or gratitude,we are motivated by ________,but when we help others because we identify with people in need,we are motivated by ________.

Which of the following characteristics or behaviors of a player in the prisoner's dilemma game does NOT increase his or her partner's cooperation?

An Invitation to Social Psychology

The Methods of Social Psychology

The Social Self

Social Cognition: Thinking About

Social Attribution: Explaining Behavior

Emotion

Attitudes, Behavior, and Rationalization

Persuasion

Social Influence

Relationships and Attraction

Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Groups

Aggression

Application Module 1 : Social Psychology and Health

Application Module 2 : Social Psychology and Educatio

Application Module 3 :social Psychology and the Law

Filters

When we help others in order to receive positive attention or gratitude,we are motivated by ,but when we help others because we identify with people in need,we are motivated by .