Question 1

Describe how participants' construal of the social context in the Asch experiment could have led to greater conformity than what could be expected to occur in everyday life.

Accepted Answer

Participants in the Asch experiment had no basis for understanding why everyone else saw things differently than they did.Knowing why our opinions are different (e.g.,knowing that others are wearing distorted glasses)lessens both informational and normative social influence.Because such knowledge was not available in the Asch experiment,participants faced the reasonable fear that if they departed from everyone else's judgment,their behavior would seem bizarre.In real-life contexts,where disagreements are more likely to have logical explanations,people are typically better able to act independently and decisively rather than conforming.

Question 2

Following his initial experiment,Milgram conducted several additional experiments to examine factors that might increase or decrease obedience to authority.In one of these experiments,Milgram showed that participants were less likely to obey the experimenter's orders if

Accepted Answer

A)  they thought the learner would perform better without getting shocked. 
B)  the experimenter's requests to continue were issued over a telephone. 
C)  they thought the experimenter was responsible for the learner's welfare. 
D)  they were put into a sad mood. 
A)  they thought the learner would perform better without getting shocked. 
B)  the experimenter's requests to continue were issued over a telephone. 
C)  they thought the experimenter was responsible for the learner's welfare. 
D)  they were put into a sad mood. B

Question 3

________ is the first step in the foot-in-the-door technique.

Accepted Answer

A)  Giving people a small gift 
B)  Giving people a large gift 
C)  Making a small request 
D)  Making a large request 
A)  Giving people a small gift 
B)  Giving people a large gift 
C)  Making a small request 
D)  Making a large request C

Question 4

Reactance theory suggests that compliance may be ________ likely if people ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  more; are aware that others are trying to influence their behavior 
B)  less; perceive that their freedom of choice is being threatened 
C)  more; are motivated to feel better about themselves 
D)  less; are motivated to feel better about themselves 
A)  more; are aware that others are trying to influence their behavior 
B)  less; perceive that their freedom of choice is being threatened 
C)  more; are motivated to feel better about themselves 
D)  less; are motivated to feel better about themselves

Question 5

Janet has a minority opinion about dorm curfew and is afraid she will feel pressured to conform to the majority opinion at an upcoming dorm meeting.To resist conformity pressure,Janet should

Accepted Answer

A)  express strong negative emotions during the meeting. 
B)  bring an ally to the meeting. 
C)  bring cookies to the meeting. 
D)  adopt an interdependent mind-set right before the meeting. 
A)  express strong negative emotions during the meeting. 
B)  bring an ally to the meeting. 
C)  bring cookies to the meeting. 
D)  adopt an interdependent mind-set right before the meeting.

Question 6

Normative social influence often has a greater impact on ________ than on________.

Accepted Answer

A)  public compliance; private acceptance 
B)  private acceptance; public compliance 
C)  private acceptance; internalization 
D)  internalization; private acceptance 
A)  public compliance; private acceptance 
B)  private acceptance; public compliance 
C)  private acceptance; internalization 
D)  internalization; private acceptance

Question 7

According to the negative state relief hypothesis,

Accepted Answer

A)  positive moods increase compliance. 
B)  negative moods decrease compliance. 
C)  granting someone's request decreases negative mood states. 
D)  granting someone's request increases negative mood states. 
A)  positive moods increase compliance. 
B)  negative moods decrease compliance. 
C)  granting someone's request decreases negative mood states. 
D)  granting someone's request increases negative mood states.

Question 8

In which of the following ways do the results of the Milgram experiments parallel the events in Nazi Germany leading up to the Holocaust?

Accepted Answer

A)  In both situations, perpetrators largely took responsibility for their own actions. 
B)  In both situations, perpetrators had no opportunity to exercise choice or free will. 
C)  In both situations, harmful actions occurred in an incremental, step-by-step manner. 
D)  In both situations, most perpetrators had sadistic dispositions and enjoyed harming others. 
A)  In both situations, perpetrators largely took responsibility for their own actions. 
B)  In both situations, perpetrators had no opportunity to exercise choice or free will. 
C)  In both situations, harmful actions occurred in an incremental, step-by-step manner. 
D)  In both situations, most perpetrators had sadistic dispositions and enjoyed harming others.

Question 9

Describe the phenomenon of automatic mimicry and give two reasons why it occurs.

Accepted Answer

Automatic mimicry refers to the tendency

Question 10

John is a mathematics graduate student,whereas Lisa is a local celebrity.Although both John and Lisa are likely to have some increased ability to elicit conformity from others,Lisa is more likely to influence conformity through

Accepted Answer

A)  informational social influence. 
B)  internalization. 
C)  reciprocal concessions. 
D)  normative social influence. 
A)  informational social influence. 
B)  internalization. 
C)  reciprocal concessions. 
D)  normative social influence.

Question 11

Emily is in a good mood.This means that she is most likely to comply with which of the following requests?

Accepted Answer

A)  a request to donate to a charitable organization 
B)  a request to give electric shocks to another person as part of a research study 
C)  a request to deliver bad news to someone 
D)  All of the answer options are correct. 
A)  a request to donate to a charitable organization 
B)  a request to give electric shocks to another person as part of a research study 
C)  a request to deliver bad news to someone 
D)  All of the answer options are correct.

Question 12

According to the textbook,conformity can be beneficial for society because it

Accepted Answer

A)  encourages people to think hard about every possible action. 
B)  makes group distinctions more clear. 
C)  leads to smoother social interactions. 
D)  makes people more likely to challenge unfair laws. 
A)  encourages people to think hard about every possible action. 
B)  makes group distinctions more clear. 
C)  leads to smoother social interactions. 
D)  makes people more likely to challenge unfair laws.

Question 13

In his attempts to persuade Roger to get a fraternity tattoo on his arm,Dan assembles 100 tattooed fraternity members.Dan probably wasted a lot of effort in doing so,because

Accepted Answer

A)  the effect of group size on conformity is relevant only for women. 
B)  group size matters for informational social influence, but not normative social influence. 
C)  the effect of group size on conformity levels off when group size reaches about three to four people. 
D)  group size does not affect conformity levels. 
A)  the effect of group size on conformity is relevant only for women. 
B)  group size matters for informational social influence, but not normative social influence. 
C)  the effect of group size on conformity levels off when group size reaches about three to four people. 
D)  group size does not affect conformity levels.

Question 14

Emilio wants his friend to participate in a 5k race with him,but he's worried his friend might say no.In order to increase the chances that his friend will say yes,Emilio first agrees to do a favor for his friend.This example demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the norm of reciprocity. 
B)  reactance theory. 
C)  the negative state relief hypothesis. 
D)  descriptive norms. 
A)  the norm of reciprocity. 
B)  reactance theory. 
C)  the negative state relief hypothesis. 
D)  descriptive norms.

Question 15

Describe two factors that likely increased obedience in both the Milgram experiments and the events in Nazi Germany that took place leading up to and during the Holocaust.

Accepted Answer

Two key factors that increased obedience

Question 16

Define conformity,compliance,and obedience and provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Conformity involves changing one's behav

Question 17

Both Sherif's autokinetic illusion study (1936)and Asch's line study (1951)demonstrated the effect of conformity on an individual's decision making; however,they each captured different aspects of conformity.The results of Sherif's study reflected ________ social influence whereas Asch's study reflected ________ social influence.

Accepted Answer

A)  normative; informative 
B)  informational; group unanimity 
C)  informational; normative 
D)  group unanimity; normative 
A)  normative; informative 
B)  informational; group unanimity 
C)  informational; normative 
D)  group unanimity; normative

Question 18

You want to help improve the rate of recycling cans and bottles on your campus and the administration is allowing you to design a sign to encourage recycling.According to your textbook,a particularly effective strategy for your poster might be to use an appeal based on ________ norms,saying that many students choose to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive; throw away cans and bottles, contributing to the problem rather than the solution 
B)  descriptive; separate and recycle cans and bottles, contributing to a better planet 
C)  prescriptive; throw away cans and bottles, contributing to the problem rather than the solution 
D)  descriptive and prescriptive; separate and recycle cans and bottles, contributing to a better planet 
A)  descriptive; throw away cans and bottles, contributing to the problem rather than the solution 
B)  descriptive; separate and recycle cans and bottles, contributing to a better planet 
C)  prescriptive; throw away cans and bottles, contributing to the problem rather than the solution 
D)  descriptive and prescriptive; separate and recycle cans and bottles, contributing to a better planet

Question 19

Cyberbullying has become more prevalent with increasing technological advances in our society.What does Milgram's obedience study tell us about why online communication can become increasingly harmful?

Accepted Answer

A)  Online communication is indirect and remote, so it is easier to harm others. 
B)  Online social media platforms often promote bullying practices of their users. 
C)  Online communication makes people feel more responsibility for their actions. 
D)  Online platforms encourage face-to-face interactions, which are more likely to be aggressive. 
A)  Online communication is indirect and remote, so it is easier to harm others. 
B)  Online social media platforms often promote bullying practices of their users. 
C)  Online communication makes people feel more responsibility for their actions. 
D)  Online platforms encourage face-to-face interactions, which are more likely to be aggressive.

Question 20

In the original Milgram experiment (1965),the experimenter asked participants to shock someone else whenever that person made a mistake on a learning task.The results of this experiment showed that people

Accepted Answer

A)  learned better when they were punished. 
B)  did not experience distress when other people were in pain. 
C)  were unwilling to advance science if it meant hurting someone else. 
D)  were willing to inflict pain on strangers. 
A)  learned better when they were punished. 
B)  did not experience distress when other people were in pain. 
C)  were unwilling to advance science if it meant hurting someone else. 
D)  were willing to inflict pain on strangers.

Describe how participants' construal of the social context in the Asch experiment could have led to greater conformity than what could be expected to occur in everyday life.

Following his initial experiment,Milgram conducted several additional experiments to examine factors that might increase or decrease obedience to authority.In one of these experiments,Milgram showed that participants were less likely to obey the experimenter's orders if

________ is the first step in the foot-in-the-door technique.

Reactance theory suggests that compliance may be likely if people .

Janet has a minority opinion about dorm curfew and is afraid she will feel pressured to conform to the majority opinion at an upcoming dorm meeting.To resist conformity pressure,Janet should

Normative social influence often has a greater impact on than on.

According to the negative state relief hypothesis,

In which of the following ways do the results of the Milgram experiments parallel the events in Nazi Germany leading up to the Holocaust?

Describe the phenomenon of automatic mimicry and give two reasons why it occurs.

John is a mathematics graduate student,whereas Lisa is a local celebrity.Although both John and Lisa are likely to have some increased ability to elicit conformity from others,Lisa is more likely to influence conformity through

Emily is in a good mood.This means that she is most likely to comply with which of the following requests?

According to the textbook,conformity can be beneficial for society because it

In his attempts to persuade Roger to get a fraternity tattoo on his arm,Dan assembles 100 tattooed fraternity members.Dan probably wasted a lot of effort in doing so,because

Emilio wants his friend to participate in a 5k race with him,but he's worried his friend might say no.In order to increase the chances that his friend will say yes,Emilio first agrees to do a favor for his friend.This example demonstrates

Describe two factors that likely increased obedience in both the Milgram experiments and the events in Nazi Germany that took place leading up to and during the Holocaust.

Define conformity,compliance,and obedience and provide an example of each.

Cyberbullying has become more prevalent with increasing technological advances in our society.What does Milgram's obedience study tell us about why online communication can become increasingly harmful?

In the original Milgram experiment (1965),the experimenter asked participants to shock someone else whenever that person made a mistake on a learning task.The results of this experiment showed that people

An Invitation to Social Psychology

The Methods of Social Psychology

The Social Self

Social Cognition: Thinking About

Social Attribution: Explaining Behavior

Emotion

Attitudes, Behavior, and Rationalization

Persuasion

Relationships and Attraction

Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Groups

Aggression

Altruism and Cooperation

Application Module 1 : Social Psychology and Health

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Application Module 3 :social Psychology and the Law

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Exam 9: Social Influence

Describe how participants' construal of the social context in the Asch experiment could have led to greater conformity than what could be expected to occur in everyday life.

Following his initial experiment,Milgram conducted several additional experiments to examine factors that might increase or decrease obedience to authority.In one of these experiments,Milgram showed that participants were less likely to obey the experimenter's orders if

________ is the first step in the foot-in-the-door technique.

Reactance theory suggests that compliance may be ________ likely if people ________.

Janet has a minority opinion about dorm curfew and is afraid she will feel pressured to conform to the majority opinion at an upcoming dorm meeting.To resist conformity pressure,Janet should

Normative social influence often has a greater impact on ________ than on________.

According to the negative state relief hypothesis,

In which of the following ways do the results of the Milgram experiments parallel the events in Nazi Germany leading up to the Holocaust?

Describe the phenomenon of automatic mimicry and give two reasons why it occurs.

John is a mathematics graduate student,whereas Lisa is a local celebrity.Although both John and Lisa are likely to have some increased ability to elicit conformity from others,Lisa is more likely to influence conformity through

Emily is in a good mood.This means that she is most likely to comply with which of the following requests?

According to the textbook,conformity can be beneficial for society because it

In his attempts to persuade Roger to get a fraternity tattoo on his arm,Dan assembles 100 tattooed fraternity members.Dan probably wasted a lot of effort in doing so,because

Emilio wants his friend to participate in a 5k race with him,but he's worried his friend might say no.In order to increase the chances that his friend will say yes,Emilio first agrees to do a favor for his friend.This example demonstrates

Describe two factors that likely increased obedience in both the Milgram experiments and the events in Nazi Germany that took place leading up to and during the Holocaust.

Define conformity,compliance,and obedience and provide an example of each.

Cyberbullying has become more prevalent with increasing technological advances in our society.What does Milgram's obedience study tell us about why online communication can become increasingly harmful?

In the original Milgram experiment (1965),the experimenter asked participants to shock someone else whenever that person made a mistake on a learning task.The results of this experiment showed that people

An Invitation to Social Psychology

The Methods of Social Psychology

The Social Self

Social Cognition: Thinking About

Social Attribution: Explaining Behavior

Emotion

Attitudes, Behavior, and Rationalization

Persuasion

Relationships and Attraction

Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Groups

Aggression

Altruism and Cooperation

Application Module 1 : Social Psychology and Health

Application Module 2 : Social Psychology and Educatio

Application Module 3 :social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Reactance theory suggests that compliance may be likely if people .

Normative social influence often has a greater impact on than on.