Question 1

Victory over the Spanish Armada at the end of the sixteenth century was achieved by

Accepted Answer

A) France. 
B) the Holy Roman Empire. 
C) England. 
D) the Ottoman Empire. 
E) the Netherlands. 
A) France. 
B) the Holy Roman Empire. 
C) England. 
D) the Ottoman Empire. 
E) the Netherlands.

Question 2

In France, the politiques were

Accepted Answer

A) heads of various religious and political factions during the civil wars. 
B) administrators in provincial towns, appointed by the king. 
C) those who placed politics ahead of religion in an attempt to end the wars of religion. 
D) advisors to Catherine de' Medici. 
E) always the chief ministers to the kings. 
A) heads of various religious and political factions during the civil wars. 
B) administrators in provincial towns, appointed by the king. 
C) those who placed politics ahead of religion in an attempt to end the wars of religion. 
D) advisors to Catherine de' Medici. 
E) always the chief ministers to the kings.

Question 3

The Peace of Augsburg settled the Lutheran problem by adopting the principle that

Accepted Answer

A) states north of the Main River would be Lutheran while those to the south would be Catholic. 
B) each territory would hold popular elections to determine its religion. 
C) there would be religious toleration throughout Germany. 
D) Protestants would accept the authority of the papacy. 
E) the ruler of each territory determined the religion there. 
A) states north of the Main River would be Lutheran while those to the south would be Catholic. 
B) each territory would hold popular elections to determine its religion. 
C) there would be religious toleration throughout Germany. 
D) Protestants would accept the authority of the papacy. 
E) the ruler of each territory determined the religion there.

Question 4

Which of the following statements concerning Desiderius Erasmus is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) He de-emphasized external forms of religion such as pilgrimages and fasts. 
B) He believed the Vulgate contained errors and published a new translation of the New Testament. 
C) Contemporaries claimed "Erasmus laid the egg that Luther hatched." 
D) He actively sought to destroy the unity of the medieval Christian church. 
E) His The Praise of Folly was a scathing indictment of the abuses of the church. 
A) He de-emphasized external forms of religion such as pilgrimages and fasts. 
B) He believed the Vulgate contained errors and published a new translation of the New Testament. 
C) Contemporaries claimed "Erasmus laid the egg that Luther hatched." 
D) He actively sought to destroy the unity of the medieval Christian church. 
E) His The Praise of Folly was a scathing indictment of the abuses of the church.

Question 5

Zwingli's interpretation of the Lord's Supper differed from Luther's in that

Accepted Answer

A) Luther held to the Catholic belief in transubstantiation. 
B) Luther said that the ceremony was totally symbolic. 
C) Zwingli said the ceremony was only symbolic and that no real transformation in the bread and wine occurred. 
D) Luther claimed the ceremony was only symbolic and that no transformation in the bread and wine occurred. 
E) Zwingli held to the Catholic belief in transubstantiation. 
A) Luther held to the Catholic belief in transubstantiation. 
B) Luther said that the ceremony was totally symbolic. 
C) Zwingli said the ceremony was only symbolic and that no real transformation in the bread and wine occurred. 
D) Luther claimed the ceremony was only symbolic and that no transformation in the bread and wine occurred. 
E) Zwingli held to the Catholic belief in transubstantiation.

Question 6

England's break with the Roman church became official with the passage of the

Accepted Answer

A) Act of Union. 
B) Six Articles. 
C) Act of Toleration. 
D) Act of Succession. 
E) Act of Supremacy. 
A) Act of Union. 
B) Six Articles. 
C) Act of Toleration. 
D) Act of Succession. 
E) Act of Supremacy.

Question 7

The Reformation affected the development of education in Europe by

Accepted Answer

A) rejecting higher education as unnecessary in a faith dominated by works. 
B) restricting access to Protestant schooling to the nobility and wealthier urban patricians. 
C) eradicating all humanist influences in schooling. 
D) expanding public access to primary schooling and improving secondary schooling through the gymnasium. 
E) the exclusive use of textbooks in Latin. 
A) rejecting higher education as unnecessary in a faith dominated by works. 
B) restricting access to Protestant schooling to the nobility and wealthier urban patricians. 
C) eradicating all humanist influences in schooling. 
D) expanding public access to primary schooling and improving secondary schooling through the gymnasium. 
E) the exclusive use of textbooks in Latin.

Question 8

The author of Spiritual Exercises, the key work of the Catholic Reformation, was Pope Paul III.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Luther's religious crisis came to a head over his growing belief that

Accepted Answer

A) the Bible had passages which were contradictory. 
B) the legitimacy of the Catholic Church should never be questioned. 
C) no amount of good works could satisfy God's righteousness. 
D) an all-powerful God did not care about humans. 
E) there seemed to be no sure proof of God's existence. 
A) the Bible had passages which were contradictory. 
B) the legitimacy of the Catholic Church should never be questioned. 
C) no amount of good works could satisfy God's righteousness. 
D) an all-powerful God did not care about humans. 
E) there seemed to be no sure proof of God's existence.

Question 10

Millenarianism is the belief that

Accepted Answer

A) all Christians go to heaven. 
B) all priests are impious. 
C) the end of the world is imminent. 
D) private property among Christians is immoral. 
E) the first millennium was superior to the second, from the vantage point of the 16th century. 
A) all Christians go to heaven. 
B) all priests are impious. 
C) the end of the world is imminent. 
D) private property among Christians is immoral. 
E) the first millennium was superior to the second, from the vantage point of the 16th century.

Question 11

The Peasants' War of 1524-1525

Accepted Answer

A) was led by a radical ex-follower of Luther, Philip Melanchthon. 
B) furthered the spread of Lutheranism throughout all of Europe. 
C) was praised by Luther, as it destroyed the great Catholic princes of Germany. 
D) was strongly opposed by Luther, who saw it as a social revolution from below against God's divine order. 
E) had no connection with any of Luther's ideas and beliefs. 
A) was led by a radical ex-follower of Luther, Philip Melanchthon. 
B) furthered the spread of Lutheranism throughout all of Europe. 
C) was praised by Luther, as it destroyed the great Catholic princes of Germany. 
D) was strongly opposed by Luther, who saw it as a social revolution from below against God's divine order. 
E) had no connection with any of Luther's ideas and beliefs.

Exam 13: Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century

Victory over the Spanish Armada at the end of the sixteenth century was achieved by

In France, the politiques were

The Peace of Augsburg settled the Lutheran problem by adopting the principle that

Which of the following statements concerning Desiderius Erasmus is NOT true?

Zwingli's interpretation of the Lord's Supper differed from Luther's in that

England's break with the Roman church became official with the passage of the

The Reformation affected the development of education in Europe by

The author of Spiritual Exercises, the key work of the Catholic Reformation, was Pope Paul III.

Luther's religious crisis came to a head over his growing belief that

Millenarianism is the belief that

The Peasants' War of 1524-1525

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires

The Civilization of the Greeks

The Hellenistic World

The Roman Republic

The Roman Empire

Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World

European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages

The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power

The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Recovery and Rebirth: the Age of the Renaissance

Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500-1800

State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: The Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

The Eighteenth Century: An Age of Enlightenment

The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change

A Revolution in Politics: The Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society

Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815-1850

An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871

Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution

The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars 1919-1939

The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War II

Cold War and a New Western World 1945-1965

Protest and Stagnation: The Western World 1965-1985

After the Fall: The Western World in a Global Age Since 1985

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