Question 1

England's Queen Elizabeth could best be described as a

Accepted Answer

A) pious Catholic. 
B) fervent Calvinist. 
C) committed Lutheran. 
D) passionate Puritan. 
E) moderate Protestant. 
A) pious Catholic. 
B) fervent Calvinist. 
C) committed Lutheran. 
D) passionate Puritan. 
E) moderate Protestant.

Question 2

The Peace of Augsburg brought an end to

Accepted Answer

A) the Peasants' War. 
B) the Habsburg-Valois Wars. 
C) Charles V's war with the Schmalkaldic League. 
D) war between the Holy Roman Empire and the Turks. 
E) the conflict between Luther and Zwingli. 
A) the Peasants' War. 
B) the Habsburg-Valois Wars. 
C) Charles V's war with the Schmalkaldic League. 
D) war between the Holy Roman Empire and the Turks. 
E) the conflict between Luther and Zwingli.

Question 3

Ignatius of Loyola was the founder of

Accepted Answer

A) the Capuchin Order. 
B) the Brothers of the Common Life. 
C) the Society of Jesus. 
D) the Swiss Brethren. 
E) the Dominican Order. 
A) the Capuchin Order. 
B) the Brothers of the Common Life. 
C) the Society of Jesus. 
D) the Swiss Brethren. 
E) the Dominican Order.

Question 4

The Jesuit missionary who propagated Christianity in India, Malacca and the Moluccas, and Japan was

Accepted Answer

A) Ignatius of Loyola. 
B) Thomas More. 
C) Saint Teresa of Avila. 
D) Francis Xavier. 
E) Dominic Guzman. 
A) Ignatius of Loyola. 
B) Thomas More. 
C) Saint Teresa of Avila. 
D) Francis Xavier. 
E) Dominic Guzman.

Question 5

Which of the following was a means by which Luther's ideas were spread?

Accepted Answer

A) His translation of the New Testament into German. 
B) Pamphlets illustrated with woodcuts. 
C) Sermons. 
D) Hymn lyrics that taught the Gospel. 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) His translation of the New Testament into German. 
B) Pamphlets illustrated with woodcuts. 
C) Sermons. 
D) Hymn lyrics that taught the Gospel. 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 6

The Reformation successfully abolished all of the following from the lives of Europe's Protestant community EXCEPT for

Accepted Answer

A) indulgences. 
B) the celebrations of religious saints' days. 
C) taverns. 
D) clerical celibacy. 
E) monasteries and nunneries. 
A) indulgences. 
B) the celebrations of religious saints' days. 
C) taverns. 
D) clerical celibacy. 
E) monasteries and nunneries.

Question 7

The northern Christian humanists

Accepted Answer

A) wished to continue the complicated theological arguments of the Middle Ages. 
B) were characterized by their pessimistic view of human nature. 
C) did not believe that education could increase personal piety. 
D) rejected the simple religion of the early Church. 
E) championed the study of classical and early Christian texts to reform the Catholic Church. 
A) wished to continue the complicated theological arguments of the Middle Ages. 
B) were characterized by their pessimistic view of human nature. 
C) did not believe that education could increase personal piety. 
D) rejected the simple religion of the early Church. 
E) championed the study of classical and early Christian texts to reform the Catholic Church.

Question 8

Holy Roman Emperor Charles V's CHIEF rival was

Accepted Answer

A) Henry VIII of England. 
B) Ludwig II of Bavaria. 
C) Charles XII of Sweden. 
D) Francis I of France. 
E) Pope Clement VII. 
A) Henry VIII of England. 
B) Ludwig II of Bavaria. 
C) Charles XII of Sweden. 
D) Francis I of France. 
E) Pope Clement VII.

Question 9

What was Christian humanism, and how did it help prepare the way for the Protestant Reformation? Did Erasmus' works pave the way for Luther's break with Rome and Catholicism? How?

Accepted Answer

Christian humanism was a movement in the

Question 10

For Luther, the only sure source of truth and the only reliable path of faith, other than justification, was

Accepted Answer

A) the opinions of scholars. 
B) the decisions of church councils. 
C) the authority of the pope. 
D) the Bible. 
E) the decrees of powerful abbots. 
A) the opinions of scholars. 
B) the decisions of church councils. 
C) the authority of the pope. 
D) the Bible. 
E) the decrees of powerful abbots.

Question 11

During the 1540s the turning point in the direction of the Catholic Reformation was exemplified by

Accepted Answer

A) Pope Paul III, who proved to be an ultra-conservative in refusing possible changes within the church. 
B) the Roman Inquisition and the creation of the Index of Forbidden Books. 
C) the Council of Trent, which invited Protestants to discuss their doctrines. 
D) the pontificate of Paul IV, a moderate pope who proposed to adjudicate all Catholic-Protestant disputes. 
E) the recognition that the Jesuits would serve as the ultimate authority in the Catholic Church. 
A) Pope Paul III, who proved to be an ultra-conservative in refusing possible changes within the church. 
B) the Roman Inquisition and the creation of the Index of Forbidden Books. 
C) the Council of Trent, which invited Protestants to discuss their doctrines. 
D) the pontificate of Paul IV, a moderate pope who proposed to adjudicate all Catholic-Protestant disputes. 
E) the recognition that the Jesuits would serve as the ultimate authority in the Catholic Church.

Question 12

The Reformation in England under Henry VIII

Accepted Answer

A) was triggered by Henry's desire for a male heir. 
B) enacted a total renunciation of Catholic doctrine. 
C) was organized and enacted by Thomas More. 
D) resulted in Parliament's authority over all matters of religious doctrine and discipline. 
E) stemmed from overwhelming discontent with the Catholic Church in England. 
A) was triggered by Henry's desire for a male heir. 
B) enacted a total renunciation of Catholic doctrine. 
C) was organized and enacted by Thomas More. 
D) resulted in Parliament's authority over all matters of religious doctrine and discipline. 
E) stemmed from overwhelming discontent with the Catholic Church in England.

Question 13

In his On the Freedom of a Christian Man, Martin Luther emphasized the primacy of works in securing salvation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The St.Bartholomew's Day Massacre in 1572 involved the massacring of nearly 3,000 Huguenots in Paris.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Would you characterize the Reformation and Counter-Reformation as popular movements or as the result of carefully orchestrated policies formulated by clerical and secular leaders? To what degree did the peoples of Europe make reform, and to what degree did figures of spiritual and temporal authority?

Accepted Answer

The Reformation and Counter-Reformation

Question 16

Luther's ideas were most readily accepted in

Accepted Answer

A) England. 
B) France. 
C) Italy. 
D) Spain. 
E) Scandinavia. 
A) England. 
B) France. 
C) Italy. 
D) Spain. 
E) Scandinavia.

Question 17

The early fifteenth-century religious reformer who was burned at the stake was

Accepted Answer

A) John Wycliffe. 
B) Erasmus. 
C) Ignatius of Loyola. 
D) John Calvin. 
E) John Hus. 
A) John Wycliffe. 
B) Erasmus. 
C) Ignatius of Loyola. 
D) John Calvin. 
E) John Hus.

Question 18

The Anabaptists

Accepted Answer

A) gained most popularity in England and Ireland. 
B) were not regarded as a political threat, as they preached separation between church and state. 
C) were founded by Conrad Grebel, beginning as an elitist movement. 
D) advocated adult baptism, and if they had been baptized as children, a second baptism. 
E) peacefully merged with the Calvinists and Lutherans. 
A) gained most popularity in England and Ireland. 
B) were not regarded as a political threat, as they preached separation between church and state. 
C) were founded by Conrad Grebel, beginning as an elitist movement. 
D) advocated adult baptism, and if they had been baptized as children, a second baptism. 
E) peacefully merged with the Calvinists and Lutherans.

Question 19

Desiderius Erasmus stressed the quest for inner piety rather than the external forms of religiosity such as the sacraments, pilgrimages, and fasts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Henry's marriage to Anne Boleyn ended when he executed her for

Accepted Answer

A) speaking publicly against his reign. 
B) heresy. 
C) bigamy. 
D) adultery. 
E) infertility. 
A) speaking publicly against his reign. 
B) heresy. 
C) bigamy. 
D) adultery. 
E) infertility.

Exam 13: Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century

England's Queen Elizabeth could best be described as a

The Peace of Augsburg brought an end to

Ignatius of Loyola was the founder of

The Jesuit missionary who propagated Christianity in India, Malacca and the Moluccas, and Japan was

Which of the following was a means by which Luther's ideas were spread?

The Reformation successfully abolished all of the following from the lives of Europe's Protestant community EXCEPT for

The northern Christian humanists

Holy Roman Emperor Charles V's CHIEF rival was

What was Christian humanism, and how did it help prepare the way for the Protestant Reformation? Did Erasmus' works pave the way for Luther's break with Rome and Catholicism? How?

For Luther, the only sure source of truth and the only reliable path of faith, other than justification, was

During the 1540s the turning point in the direction of the Catholic Reformation was exemplified by

The Reformation in England under Henry VIII

In his On the Freedom of a Christian Man, Martin Luther emphasized the primacy of works in securing salvation.

The St.Bartholomew's Day Massacre in 1572 involved the massacring of nearly 3,000 Huguenots in Paris.

Luther's ideas were most readily accepted in

The early fifteenth-century religious reformer who was burned at the stake was

The Anabaptists

Desiderius Erasmus stressed the quest for inner piety rather than the external forms of religiosity such as the sacraments, pilgrimages, and fasts.

Henry's marriage to Anne Boleyn ended when he executed her for

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires

The Civilization of the Greeks

The Hellenistic World

The Roman Republic

The Roman Empire

Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World

European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages

The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power

The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Recovery and Rebirth: the Age of the Renaissance

Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500-1800

State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: The Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

The Eighteenth Century: An Age of Enlightenment

The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change

A Revolution in Politics: The Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society

Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815-1850

An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871

Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution

The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars 1919-1939

The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War II

Cold War and a New Western World 1945-1965

Protest and Stagnation: The Western World 1965-1985

After the Fall: The Western World in a Global Age Since 1985

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