Question 1

Discuss the causes and course of the Great Peloponnesian War.What impact did the war have on the Greeks?

Accepted Answer

The Great Peloponnesian War was a conflict between the city-states of Athens and Sparta, along with their respective allies, that lasted from 431 to 404 BCE. The war was primarily caused by the growing power and influence of Athens, which led to fear and resentment among other Greek city-states, particularly Sparta. The immediate cause of the war was a dispute between Athens and Corinth over the city of Corcyra, which escalated into a wider conflict.

The course of the war was marked by a series of military campaigns, naval battles, and sieges, with both sides experiencing victories and setbacks. Athens, with its powerful navy, initially had the upper hand, but Sparta, with its superior land forces, eventually gained the advantage. The war ended with the defeat of Athens and the dismantling of its empire, leading to a period of Spartan dominance in Greece.

The impact of the war on the Greeks was significant. It resulted in widespread destruction and loss of life, as well as economic hardship and political instability. The war also weakened the power of the Greek city-states, making them more vulnerable to outside threats. Additionally, the war had a lasting impact on Greek culture and society, as it led to a sense of disillusionment and a questioning of traditional values and beliefs.

Overall, the Great Peloponnesian War had a profound and lasting impact on the Greeks, shaping the course of their history and influencing their future development.

Question 2

Unlike the women of most other Greek cities, Spartan women were expected to

Accepted Answer

A) stay physically fit to bear healthy children. 
B) become proficient in poetry and philosophy. 
C) fight in the army alongside the men. 
D) remain secluded at home for most of their lives. 
E) rule the city in their husbands' absence. 
A) stay physically fit to bear healthy children. 
B) become proficient in poetry and philosophy. 
C) fight in the army alongside the men. 
D) remain secluded at home for most of their lives. 
E) rule the city in their husbands' absence. A

Question 3

In classical Athens, male homosexuality

Accepted Answer

A) after initial toleration became increasingly subject to moral and philosophical attack as a threat to the aristocratic family. 
B) was a practice only associated with actors and priests, never gaining public acceptance. 
C) was totally outlawed, and practicing homosexuals were publicly executed. 
D) became an important subject in many tragic plays. 
E) was practiced and tolerated in part as a means by which mature men instructed young males about the masculine world of politics and patronage. 
A) after initial toleration became increasingly subject to moral and philosophical attack as a threat to the aristocratic family. 
B) was a practice only associated with actors and priests, never gaining public acceptance. 
C) was totally outlawed, and practicing homosexuals were publicly executed. 
D) became an important subject in many tragic plays. 
E) was practiced and tolerated in part as a means by which mature men instructed young males about the masculine world of politics and patronage. E

Question 4

The Delian League

Accepted Answer

A) was dominated from the beginning by the Spartans. 
B) became an instrument of Athenian imperialism. 
C) had a fluctuating membership, as states were free to join and leave the alliance as they wished. 
D) failed to keep the Greek states in the Aegean free from Persian control. 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) was dominated from the beginning by the Spartans. 
B) became an instrument of Athenian imperialism. 
C) had a fluctuating membership, as states were free to join and leave the alliance as they wished. 
D) failed to keep the Greek states in the Aegean free from Persian control. 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 5

Homer's Iliad points out the

Accepted Answer

A) exalted position of women in Greek society. 
B) Greeks' rejection of slavery. 
C) absolute abhorrence of violence by the Greeks. 
D) superiority of the military phalanx over the aristocratic cavalry. 
E) honor and courage of Greek aristocratic heroes in battle. 
A) exalted position of women in Greek society. 
B) Greeks' rejection of slavery. 
C) absolute abhorrence of violence by the Greeks. 
D) superiority of the military phalanx over the aristocratic cavalry. 
E) honor and courage of Greek aristocratic heroes in battle.

Question 6

The civilization of Minoan Crete

Accepted Answer

A) declined after the Sea Peoples conquered Crete. 
B) was known as a great military power. 
C) was poor and isolated. 
D) developed elaborate skills in art and architecture, visible in their great palaces. 
E) flourished after 1450 B.C.E. 
A) declined after the Sea Peoples conquered Crete. 
B) was known as a great military power. 
C) was poor and isolated. 
D) developed elaborate skills in art and architecture, visible in their great palaces. 
E) flourished after 1450 B.C.E.

Question 7

Spartan helots

Accepted Answer

A) were conscripted to fight in the city's phalanx. 
B) were captives of war. 
C) declared war on the perioikoi every year. 
D) had achieved the right to hold land themselves by the sixth century B.C.E. 
E) comprised the elite class of Spartan society. 
A) were conscripted to fight in the city's phalanx. 
B) were captives of war. 
C) declared war on the perioikoi every year. 
D) had achieved the right to hold land themselves by the sixth century B.C.E. 
E) comprised the elite class of Spartan society.

Question 8

For the Greeks, the term arete described the

Accepted Answer

A) moral failure of cowards. 
B) striving for excellence. 
C) avoidance of destructive competition. 
D) duties of a citizen. 
E) essential virtues of ordinary women. 
A) moral failure of cowards. 
B) striving for excellence. 
C) avoidance of destructive competition. 
D) duties of a citizen. 
E) essential virtues of ordinary women.

Question 9

One of the chief causes of the Peloponnesian War was

Accepted Answer

A) Athens' entry into an alliance with the Persians. 
B) the fear of another Persian invasion. 
C) Sparta's fear of the power of Athens and its maritime empire. 
D) an attack by Corinth and Megara on Sparta. 
E) Athens' fear of Spartan imperialism. 
A) Athens' entry into an alliance with the Persians. 
B) the fear of another Persian invasion. 
C) Sparta's fear of the power of Athens and its maritime empire. 
D) an attack by Corinth and Megara on Sparta. 
E) Athens' fear of Spartan imperialism.

Question 10

Early Greek philosophy attempted to

Accepted Answer

A) explain the universe on the basis of unifying principles. 
B) replace the gods and religion in the lives of the Greeks with pure reason. 
C) eliminate diversity from the world. 
D) turn all Greeks away from the world and toward contemplation. 
E) undermine traditional aristocratic Greek society. 
A) explain the universe on the basis of unifying principles. 
B) replace the gods and religion in the lives of the Greeks with pure reason. 
C) eliminate diversity from the world. 
D) turn all Greeks away from the world and toward contemplation. 
E) undermine traditional aristocratic Greek society.

Question 11

The first of the great writers of tragedy whose plays survived was Aeschylus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The Greek dramatist who was a realist and known for his portrayal of realistic characters in real life situations was

Accepted Answer

A) Aeschylus. 
B) Hesiod. 
C) Aristophanes. 
D) Sophocles. 
E) Euripides. 
A) Aeschylus. 
B) Hesiod. 
C) Aristophanes. 
D) Sophocles. 
E) Euripides.

Question 13

During the Age of Pericles

Accepted Answer

A) government expenditures were reduced, canceling all public building projects. 
B) the power of the aristocrats was enhanced. 
C) Athenians became deeply attached to their democratic system. 
D) imperialism was abandoned. 
E) participation in government was encouraged of women. 
A) government expenditures were reduced, canceling all public building projects. 
B) the power of the aristocrats was enhanced. 
C) Athenians became deeply attached to their democratic system. 
D) imperialism was abandoned. 
E) participation in government was encouraged of women.

Question 14

Hesiod's famous poem about the pleasures of ordinary work is titled

Accepted Answer

A) Work to Rest. 
B) Work of the Gods. 
C) Works and Days. 
D) The Republic. 
E) Labor and Rest. 
A) Work to Rest. 
B) Work of the Gods. 
C) Works and Days. 
D) The Republic. 
E) Labor and Rest.

Question 15

The vast majority of scholars do believe that Homer's Iliad has a basis in fact.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Typical of Greek culture in the Archaic Age was/were

Accepted Answer

A) the tragedies of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. 
B) lyric poetry as found in the works of Sappho. 
C) the poetry of Hesiod emphasizing the superiority of the aristocratic class. 
D) Homeric epic poetry. 
E) the symposium, the sophisticated drinking party uniting all ranks of society. 
A) the tragedies of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. 
B) lyric poetry as found in the works of Sappho. 
C) the poetry of Hesiod emphasizing the superiority of the aristocratic class. 
D) Homeric epic poetry. 
E) the symposium, the sophisticated drinking party uniting all ranks of society.

Question 17

The Greeks halted the Persian attempt to attack mainland Greece during the reign of Darius at the Battle of Marathon in 490 B.C.E.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The development of the polis had a negative impact on Greek society by

Accepted Answer

A) retarding democracy in the organization of civic governments. 
B) fostering a sense of disunity among commoners. 
C) limiting the development of Greek artistic and intellectual accomplishments. 
D) discouraging the development of polytheistic religion. 
E) dividing Greece into fiercely competitive states. 
A) retarding democracy in the organization of civic governments. 
B) fostering a sense of disunity among commoners. 
C) limiting the development of Greek artistic and intellectual accomplishments. 
D) discouraging the development of polytheistic religion. 
E) dividing Greece into fiercely competitive states.

Question 19

Tyranny in the Greek polis arose as

Accepted Answer

A) the religious beliefs of the Greeks collapsed. 
B) the result of foreign invasion, mainly the Persians under Darius. 
C) the response to the cry for strong leadership from the established aristocratic oligarchies. 
D) a reaction to aristocratic power and a widening gulf between the rich and the poor. 
E) the people became complacent due to the egalitarian nature of Greek society. 
A) the religious beliefs of the Greeks collapsed. 
B) the result of foreign invasion, mainly the Persians under Darius. 
C) the response to the cry for strong leadership from the established aristocratic oligarchies. 
D) a reaction to aristocratic power and a widening gulf between the rich and the poor. 
E) the people became complacent due to the egalitarian nature of Greek society.

Question 20

Plato, in The Republic, imagines a perfect society ruled by

Accepted Answer

A) women. 
B) poets. 
C) workers. 
D) warriors. 
E) philosopher-kings. 
A) women. 
B) poets. 
C) workers. 
D) warriors. 
E) philosopher-kings.

Exam 3: The Civilization of the Greeks

Discuss the causes and course of the Great Peloponnesian War.What impact did the war have on the Greeks?

Unlike the women of most other Greek cities, Spartan women were expected to

In classical Athens, male homosexuality

The Delian League

Homer's Iliad points out the

The civilization of Minoan Crete

Spartan helots

For the Greeks, the term arete described the

One of the chief causes of the Peloponnesian War was

Early Greek philosophy attempted to

The first of the great writers of tragedy whose plays survived was Aeschylus.

The Greek dramatist who was a realist and known for his portrayal of realistic characters in real life situations was

During the Age of Pericles

Hesiod's famous poem about the pleasures of ordinary work is titled

The vast majority of scholars do believe that Homer's Iliad has a basis in fact.

Typical of Greek culture in the Archaic Age was/were

The Greeks halted the Persian attempt to attack mainland Greece during the reign of Darius at the Battle of Marathon in 490 B.C.E.

The development of the polis had a negative impact on Greek society by

Tyranny in the Greek polis arose as

Plato, in The Republic, imagines a perfect society ruled by

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires

The Hellenistic World

The Roman Republic

The Roman Empire

Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World

European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages

The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power

The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Recovery and Rebirth: the Age of the Renaissance

Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century

Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500-1800

State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: The Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

The Eighteenth Century: An Age of Enlightenment

The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change

A Revolution in Politics: The Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society

Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815-1850

An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871

Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution

The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars 1919-1939

The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War II

Cold War and a New Western World 1945-1965

Protest and Stagnation: The Western World 1965-1985

After the Fall: The Western World in a Global Age Since 1985

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