Question 1

If glucose is not reabsorbed in the tubular fluid ________ increases.

Accepted Answer

A) hydrostatic pressure 
B) glomerular filtration rate 
C) sodium reabsorption 
D) the osmotic pressure 
A) hydrostatic pressure 
B) glomerular filtration rate 
C) sodium reabsorption 
D) the osmotic pressure

Question 2

A renal corpuscle includes the

Accepted Answer

A) glomerulus and glomerular capsule. 
B) glomerulus and renal tubule. 
C) glomerular capsule and renal tubule. 
D) renal tubule and collecting tubule. 
A) glomerulus and glomerular capsule. 
B) glomerulus and renal tubule. 
C) glomerular capsule and renal tubule. 
D) renal tubule and collecting tubule.

Question 3

Which of the following is a normal constituent of urine?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucose 
B) Creatinine 
C) Large proteins 
D) Blood 
A) Glucose 
B) Creatinine 
C) Large proteins 
D) Blood

Question 4

Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the

Accepted Answer

A) glomerular capsule. 
B) peritubular capillaries. 
C) glomerular capillaries. 
D) collecting ducts. 
A) glomerular capsule. 
B) peritubular capillaries. 
C) glomerular capillaries. 
D) collecting ducts.

Question 5

As a consequence of widespread edema associated with nephrotic syndrome, blood volume

Accepted Answer

A) increases and blood pressure drops. 
B) decreases and blood pressure drops. 
C) increases and blood pressure rises. 
D) decreases and blood pressure rises. 
A) increases and blood pressure drops. 
B) decreases and blood pressure drops. 
C) increases and blood pressure rises. 
D) decreases and blood pressure rises.

Question 6

A biochemical important in glomerulus formation in the embryo is

Accepted Answer

A) ADH. 
B) ADP. 
C) renin. 
D) VEGF. 
A) ADH. 
B) ADP. 
C) renin. 
D) VEGF.

Question 7

The layers of a ureter are

Accepted Answer

A) outer fibrous coat, middle muscular coat, inner mucous coat. 
B) inner fibrous coat, middle muscular coat, outer mucous coat. 
C) inner muscular coat, middle fibrous coat, outer inner mucous coat. 
D) inner vascular coat, middle neural coat, outer mucous coat. 
A) outer fibrous coat, middle muscular coat, inner mucous coat. 
B) inner fibrous coat, middle muscular coat, outer mucous coat. 
C) inner muscular coat, middle fibrous coat, outer inner mucous coat. 
D) inner vascular coat, middle neural coat, outer mucous coat.

Question 8

Kidney cells die as early as age

Accepted Answer

A) 20. 
B) 30. 
C) 40. 
D) 50. 
A) 20. 
B) 30. 
C) 40. 
D) 50.

Question 9

The trigone is

Accepted Answer

A) a group of three neighboring nephrons in a kidney. 
B) a triangular area on the floor of the urinary bladder. 
C) a region where the glomerulus meets the glomerular capsule. 
D) a muscle layer that surrounds each kidney. 
A) a group of three neighboring nephrons in a kidney. 
B) a triangular area on the floor of the urinary bladder. 
C) a region where the glomerulus meets the glomerular capsule. 
D) a muscle layer that surrounds each kidney.

Question 10

Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex causes sodium ions to be

Accepted Answer

A) excreted and potassium ions to be conserved. 
B) excreted and potassium ions to be excreted. 
C) conserved and potassium ions to be conserved. 
D) conserved and potassium ions to be excreted. 
A) excreted and potassium ions to be conserved. 
B) excreted and potassium ions to be excreted. 
C) conserved and potassium ions to be conserved. 
D) conserved and potassium ions to be excreted.

Question 11

Females are at higher risk of contracting a urinary tract infection because

Accepted Answer

A) the female urethra is shorter than the male's. 
B) the female urethra is longer than the male's. 
C) women sit down to urinate. 
D) women use toilet paper when they urinate. 
A) the female urethra is shorter than the male's. 
B) the female urethra is longer than the male's. 
C) women sit down to urinate. 
D) women use toilet paper when they urinate.

Question 12

Filtration rate in the glomerulus is increased by

Accepted Answer

A) vasodilation of the afferent arteriole only. 
B) vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole only. 
C) both vasodilation and vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole. 
D) both vasodilation of the afferent arteriole and vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole. 
A) vasodilation of the afferent arteriole only. 
B) vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole only. 
C) both vasodilation and vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole. 
D) both vasodilation of the afferent arteriole and vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole.

Question 13

Cells in the ________ produce ADH.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cells in the ________ produce ADH....

Question 14

The story of Balkan endemic nephropathy indicated that

Accepted Answer

A) a toxin in food can damage kidneys and cause cancer in the urinary tract. 
B) kidney disease only affects people in Croatia. 
C) drinking too much alcohol can strain the kidneys. 
D) a terrorist can poison peoples' urinary systems by putting bacteria in the water supply. 
A) a toxin in food can damage kidneys and cause cancer in the urinary tract. 
B) kidney disease only affects people in Croatia. 
C) drinking too much alcohol can strain the kidneys. 
D) a terrorist can poison peoples' urinary systems by putting bacteria in the water supply.

Question 15

If a ureter is obstructed, a ________ reflex reduces urine production in the kidney on the affected side.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a ureter is obstructed, a ________...

Question 16

When plasma glucose concentration exceeds the renal plasma threshold,

Accepted Answer

A) the glomerular filtration rate increases. 
B) the volume of urine decreases. 
C) glucose is secreted into the peritubular capillary. 
D) glucose appears in the urine. 
A) the glomerular filtration rate increases. 
B) the volume of urine decreases. 
C) glucose is secreted into the peritubular capillary. 
D) glucose appears in the urine.

Question 17

Select the sequence that best indicates the flow of blood through the kidney from beginning to end.

Accepted Answer

A) Renal artery, afferent arterioles, arcuate arteries, cortical radiate arteries, glomerular capillaries, peritubular capillaries, cortical radiate veins, arcuate veins, efferent arterioles, renal vein 
B) Renal artery, arcuate arteries, cortical radiate arteries, afferent arterioles, glomerular capillaries, efferent arterioles, peritubular capillaries, cortical radiate veins, arcuate veins, renal vein 
C) Interlobar artery, renal artery, arcuate arteries, cortical radiate arteries, afferent arterioles, glomerular capillaries, peritubular capillaries, efferent arterioles, cortical radiate veins, arcuate veins, renal vein 
D) Renal artery, afferent arterioles, cortical radiate arteries, arcuate arteries, glomerular capillaries, efferent arterioles, peritubular capillaries, arcuate veins, cortical radiate veins, renal vein 
A) Renal artery, afferent arterioles, arcuate arteries, cortical radiate arteries, glomerular capillaries, peritubular capillaries, cortical radiate veins, arcuate veins, efferent arterioles, renal vein 
B) Renal artery, arcuate arteries, cortical radiate arteries, afferent arterioles, glomerular capillaries, efferent arterioles, peritubular capillaries, cortical radiate veins, arcuate veins, renal vein 
C) Interlobar artery, renal artery, arcuate arteries, cortical radiate arteries, afferent arterioles, glomerular capillaries, peritubular capillaries, efferent arterioles, cortical radiate veins, arcuate veins, renal vein 
D) Renal artery, afferent arterioles, cortical radiate arteries, arcuate arteries, glomerular capillaries, efferent arterioles, peritubular capillaries, arcuate veins, cortical radiate veins, renal vein

Question 18

Most hydrogen ions are secreted

Accepted Answer

A) passively into the proximal convoluted tubule. 
B) passively from the distal convoluted tubule. 
C) actively into the entire renal tubule. 
D) actively from the distal convoluted tubule. 
A) passively into the proximal convoluted tubule. 
B) passively from the distal convoluted tubule. 
C) actively into the entire renal tubule. 
D) actively from the distal convoluted tubule.

Question 19

As a result of very low arterial blood pressure, glomerular hydrostatic pressure

Accepted Answer

A) rises and filtration increases. 
B) rises and filtration decreases. 
C) drops and filtration increases. 
D) drops and filtration decreases. 
A) rises and filtration increases. 
B) rises and filtration decreases. 
C) drops and filtration increases. 
D) drops and filtration decreases.

Question 20

The first capillary bed associated with the nephron

Accepted Answer

A) filters blood. 
B) reabsorbs nutrients. 
C) adjusts pH. 
D) reverses the flow of blood. 
A) filters blood. 
B) reabsorbs nutrients. 
C) adjusts pH. 
D) reverses the flow of blood.

Exam 20: Urinary System

If glucose is not reabsorbed in the tubular fluid ________ increases.

A renal corpuscle includes the

Which of the following is a normal constituent of urine?

Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the

As a consequence of widespread edema associated with nephrotic syndrome, blood volume

A biochemical important in glomerulus formation in the embryo is

The layers of a ureter are

Kidney cells die as early as age

The trigone is

Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex causes sodium ions to be

Females are at higher risk of contracting a urinary tract infection because

Filtration rate in the glomerulus is increased by

Cells in the ________ produce ADH.

The story of Balkan endemic nephropathy indicated that

If a ureter is obstructed, a ________ reflex reduces urine production in the kidney on the affected side.

When plasma glucose concentration exceeds the renal plasma threshold,

Select the sequence that best indicates the flow of blood through the kidney from beginning to end.

Most hydrogen ions are secreted

As a result of very low arterial blood pressure, glomerular hydrostatic pressure

The first capillary bed associated with the nephron

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Cellular Metabolism

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

Nervous System II: Divisions of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

Genetics and Genomics

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