Question 1

When forming a bond, an atom that has 3 electrons in its second shell and a filled first shell will

Accepted Answer

A) lose 3 electrons from its second shell. 
B) lose all of the electrons from its first shell. 
C) lose all of the electrons from both its first and second shells. 
D) gain 5 electrons in its second shell. 
A) lose 3 electrons from its second shell. 
B) lose all of the electrons from its first shell. 
C) lose all of the electrons from both its first and second shells. 
D) gain 5 electrons in its second shell.

Question 2

The formula H₂O refers to

Accepted Answer

A) two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule. 
B) one hydrogen molecule and two oxygen molecules. 
C) a molecule that contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. 
D) a molecule that contains one hydrogen atom and two oxygen atoms. 
A) two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule. 
B) one hydrogen molecule and two oxygen molecules. 
C) a molecule that contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. 
D) a molecule that contains one hydrogen atom and two oxygen atoms.

Question 3

The nitrogenous bases of DNA and RNA provide informational content because

Accepted Answer

A) the bases are of several types and therefore can form a code sequence. 
B) they all contain nitrogen. 
C) their sugars and phosphates vary. 
D) the bases are also parts of amino acids. 
A) the bases are of several types and therefore can form a code sequence. 
B) they all contain nitrogen. 
C) their sugars and phosphates vary. 
D) the bases are also parts of amino acids.

Question 4

Chemistry is the study of the composition of matter and how matter changes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

On the pH scale

Accepted Answer

A) a tenfold difference in hydrogen ion concentration separates each whole number. 
B) the lower the whole number on the scale, the greater the H⁺ concentration. 
C) pH values above 7 are basic (alkaline). 
D) All of the answer choices are correct. 
A) a tenfold difference in hydrogen ion concentration separates each whole number. 
B) the lower the whole number on the scale, the greater the H⁺ concentration. 
C) pH values above 7 are basic (alkaline). 
D) All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 6

A phospholipid differs structurally from a triglyceride in that it has three phosphate groups attached to the glycerol molecule rather than three fatty acid chains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When K⁺ and Cl⁻ meet, they will

Accepted Answer

A) repel and form no product. 
B) form KCl with an ionic bond. 
C) form KCl with a covalent bond. 
D) form individual molecules. 
A) repel and form no product. 
B) form KCl with an ionic bond. 
C) form KCl with a covalent bond. 
D) form individual molecules.

Question 8

The type of organic molecule that can replicate is a

Accepted Answer

A) protein. 
B) lipid. 
C) carbohydrate. 
D) nucleic acid. 
A) protein. 
B) lipid. 
C) carbohydrate. 
D) nucleic acid.

Question 9

Nucleic acids include

Accepted Answer

A) proteins and DNA. 
B) RNA and DNA. 
C) enzymes and RNA. 
D) steroids and triglycerides. 
A) proteins and DNA. 
B) RNA and DNA. 
C) enzymes and RNA. 
D) steroids and triglycerides.

Question 10

A person has alkalosis if the blood pH

Accepted Answer

A) is above 7.0. 
B) is below 7.0. 
C) rises above 7.5. 
D) drops below 7.3. 
A) is above 7.0. 
B) is below 7.0. 
C) rises above 7.5. 
D) drops below 7.3.

Question 11

Amylase is an enzyme that promotes the breakdown of starches during digestion. Which of the following describes the method by which amylase functions?

Accepted Answer

A) It catalyzes starch breakdown without being changed or depleted. 
B) It functions as a hormone that signals for starch breakdown to begin. 
C) It inhibits chemical reactions by being changed or depleted by the starch. 
D) It changes its composition in order to break starch down itself. 
A) It catalyzes starch breakdown without being changed or depleted. 
B) It functions as a hormone that signals for starch breakdown to begin. 
C) It inhibits chemical reactions by being changed or depleted by the starch. 
D) It changes its composition in order to break starch down itself.

Question 12

Electrolytes are substances that

Accepted Answer

A) form covalent bonds with water. 
B) ionize in water. 
C) cannot conduct electricity in solution. 
D) form bonds that are stable in water. 
A) form covalent bonds with water. 
B) ionize in water. 
C) cannot conduct electricity in solution. 
D) form bonds that are stable in water.

Question 13

Consider the following list of commonly found items and their pH values: Battery acid (1.0), vinegar (2.2), grapes (3.5-4.5), tomato (4.0-4.5), beer (4.2), coffee (5.0), white bread (5.0-6.0), butter (6.1-6.4), egg whites (7.6-8.0), baking soda (8.3), milk of magnesia (10.6), bleach (12.8)
Which of the following is closest to the pH of water?

Accepted Answer

A) White bread 
B) Baking soda 
C) Egg whites 
D) Grapes 
A) White bread 
B) Baking soda 
C) Egg whites 
D) Grapes

Question 14

An organic compound always contains

Accepted Answer

A) carbon and hydrogen. 
B) oxygen and nitrogen. 
C) carbon and oxygen. 
D) nitrogen and hydrogen. 
A) carbon and hydrogen. 
B) oxygen and nitrogen. 
C) carbon and oxygen. 
D) nitrogen and hydrogen.

Question 15

Which of these is not a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucose 
B) Ribose 
C) 6-carbon sugar 
D) Sucrose 
A) Glucose 
B) Ribose 
C) 6-carbon sugar 
D) Sucrose

Question 16

A simple carbohydrate

Accepted Answer

A) has a molecular formula of C₆H₁₂O₆. 
B) is a building block of protein. 
C) consists of several joined chains. 
D) has only one nucleotide. 
A) has a molecular formula of C₆H₁₂O₆. 
B) is a building block of protein. 
C) consists of several joined chains. 
D) has only one nucleotide.

Question 17

In the reaction between HCl and Ca(OH)₂, the product CaCl₂ will be a salt.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is characteristic of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

A) They contain C, H, O, with twice as many hydrogen as oxygen atoms. 
B) They provide much of the energy that the cell requires. 
C) They include sugars and starches. 
D) All of the answer choices are correct. 
A) They contain C, H, O, with twice as many hydrogen as oxygen atoms. 
B) They provide much of the energy that the cell requires. 
C) They include sugars and starches. 
D) All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 19

CaCl₂ is dissolved in water. The chlorine that is released will be in the form of anions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The term conformation refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) the three-dimensional shape of a molecule, such as a protein. 
B) the energy held in the bonds of an organic molecule, such as a protein. 
C) the ability of DNA to copy itself. 
D) the amino acid sequence (primary structure)of a protein. 
A) the three-dimensional shape of a molecule, such as a protein. 
B) the energy held in the bonds of an organic molecule, such as a protein. 
C) the ability of DNA to copy itself. 
D) the amino acid sequence (primary structure)of a protein.

Exam 2: Chemical Basis of Life

When forming a bond, an atom that has 3 electrons in its second shell and a filled first shell will

The formula H₂O refers to

The nitrogenous bases of DNA and RNA provide informational content because

Chemistry is the study of the composition of matter and how matter changes.

On the pH scale

A phospholipid differs structurally from a triglyceride in that it has three phosphate groups attached to the glycerol molecule rather than three fatty acid chains.

When K⁺ and Cl⁻ meet, they will

The type of organic molecule that can replicate is a

Nucleic acids include

A person has alkalosis if the blood pH

Amylase is an enzyme that promotes the breakdown of starches during digestion. Which of the following describes the method by which amylase functions?

Electrolytes are substances that

An organic compound always contains

Which of these is not a monosaccharide?

A simple carbohydrate

In the reaction between HCl and Ca(OH)₂, the product CaCl₂ will be a salt.

Which of the following is characteristic of carbohydrates?

CaCl₂ is dissolved in water. The chlorine that is released will be in the form of anions.

The term conformation refers to:

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Cells

Cellular Metabolism

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

Nervous System II: Divisions of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

Genetics and Genomics

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