Question 1

DNA

Accepted Answer

A) is a protein. 
B) plays no role in the synthesis of fats. 
C) stores genetic information, including instructions for enzymes that synthesize fats and carbohydrates. 
D) is routinely broken down to provide cellular energy. 
A) is a protein. 
B) plays no role in the synthesis of fats. 
C) stores genetic information, including instructions for enzymes that synthesize fats and carbohydrates. 
D) is routinely broken down to provide cellular energy.

Question 2

A base is an electrolyte that releases ions that combine with hydrogen ions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following is not a source of ionizing radiation?

Accepted Answer

A) Cosmic rays from outer space 
B) Cholesterol and triglycerides 
C) Atomic and nuclear weapons 
D) Smoke detectors 
A) Cosmic rays from outer space 
B) Cholesterol and triglycerides 
C) Atomic and nuclear weapons 
D) Smoke detectors

Question 4

Chemically inert atoms always have their outermost electron shell full.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The pH scale measures the

Accepted Answer

A) concentration of hydrogen ions in solution. 
B) number of molecules of salts dissolved in water. 
C) number of hydroxide ions in water. 
D) strength of an electrical current that a solution carries. 
A) concentration of hydrogen ions in solution. 
B) number of molecules of salts dissolved in water. 
C) number of hydroxide ions in water. 
D) strength of an electrical current that a solution carries.

Question 6

Which of the following is the most abundant inorganic substance in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbohydrate 
B) Water 
C) Lipid 
D) Protein 
A) Carbohydrate 
B) Water 
C) Lipid 
D) Protein

Question 7

Isotopes of an element have

Accepted Answer

A) the same atomic number and same atomic weight. 
B) the same atomic number but different atomic weights. 
C) different atomic numbers but the same atomic weight. 
D) different atomic numbers and different atomic weights. 
A) the same atomic number and same atomic weight. 
B) the same atomic number but different atomic weights. 
C) different atomic numbers but the same atomic weight. 
D) different atomic numbers and different atomic weights.

Question 8

A substance is added to a protein sample that does not alter the composition or amino acid sequence of the protein itself, but changes its three-dimensional structure. Which of the following was altered by the substance?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxygen double bonds 
B) Covalent bonds 
C) Ionic bonds 
D) Hydrogen bonds 
A) Oxygen double bonds 
B) Covalent bonds 
C) Ionic bonds 
D) Hydrogen bonds

Question 9

Sodium ions and calcium ions are examples of

Accepted Answer

A) cations. 
B) uncharged particles. 
C) anions. 
D) salts. 
A) cations. 
B) uncharged particles. 
C) anions. 
D) salts.

Question 10

Lipids

Accepted Answer

A) are insoluble in water. 
B) include phospholipids, cholesterol, and fats. 
C) contain C, H, and O, but with proportionately less oxygen than in carbohydrates. 
D) All of the answer choices are correct. 
A) are insoluble in water. 
B) include phospholipids, cholesterol, and fats. 
C) contain C, H, and O, but with proportionately less oxygen than in carbohydrates. 
D) All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 11

A complete atom is electrically neutral because

Accepted Answer

A) the number of protons equals the number of neutrons. 
B) the number of electrons equals the number of neutrons. 
C) the number of electrons equals the number of protons. 
D) the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons. 
A) the number of protons equals the number of neutrons. 
B) the number of electrons equals the number of neutrons. 
C) the number of electrons equals the number of protons. 
D) the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons.

Question 12

In phenylketonuria, an individual cannot break down the amino acid phenylalanine. Molecules that include phenylalanine build up in the blood, which causes intellectual disability and other symptoms. This inherited disease can be controlled by following a diet that is very low in

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates. 
B) cholesterol. 
C) protein. 
D) nucleic acids. 
A) carbohydrates. 
B) cholesterol. 
C) protein. 
D) nucleic acids.

Question 13

Glycogen is stored in the liver and ________.

Accepted Answer

A) spleen 
B) skeletal muscles 
C) pancreas 
D) heart 
A) spleen 
B) skeletal muscles 
C) pancreas 
D) heart

Question 14

Which of the following isotopes has the longest half-life?

Accepted Answer

A) Iodine-131 
B) Iron-59 
C) Phosphorus-32 
D) Cobalt-60 
A) Iodine-131 
B) Iron-59 
C) Phosphorus-32 
D) Cobalt-60

Question 15

Cholesterol, a type of lipid, is composed of three fatty acid chains attached to glycerol.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Nucleic acids are

Accepted Answer

A) very small, simple molecules. 
B) structural molecules that have no function other than support. 
C) composed of building blocks called nucleotides. 
D) primary sources of cellular energy. 
A) very small, simple molecules. 
B) structural molecules that have no function other than support. 
C) composed of building blocks called nucleotides. 
D) primary sources of cellular energy.

Question 17

The atomic weight of an element whose atoms contain 8 protons, 8 electrons, and 8 neutrons is

Accepted Answer

A) 8. 
B) 16. 
C) 24. 
D) 32. 
A) 8. 
B) 16. 
C) 24. 
D) 32.

Question 18

________ are building blocks of nucleic acids.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ are building blocks of nucleic acids....

Question 19

The atomic number of an atom equals the number of ________, and the atomic weight equals the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) neutrons; number of protons 
B) protons; weight of all the electrons 
C) neutrons; number of protons plus electrons 
D) protons; number of protons plus neutrons 
A) neutrons; number of protons 
B) protons; weight of all the electrons 
C) neutrons; number of protons plus electrons 
D) protons; number of protons plus neutrons

Question 20

Which of the following groups of elements accounts for more than 95% of the human body by weight?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen 
B) Calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen 
C) Carbon, phosphorus, oxygen, hydrogen 
D) Calcium, phosphorus, hydrogen, nitrogen 
A) Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen 
B) Calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen 
C) Carbon, phosphorus, oxygen, hydrogen 
D) Calcium, phosphorus, hydrogen, nitrogen

Exam 2: Chemical Basis of Life

DNA

A base is an electrolyte that releases ions that combine with hydrogen ions.

Which of the following is not a source of ionizing radiation?

Chemically inert atoms always have their outermost electron shell full.

The pH scale measures the

Which of the following is the most abundant inorganic substance in the body?

Isotopes of an element have

A substance is added to a protein sample that does not alter the composition or amino acid sequence of the protein itself, but changes its three-dimensional structure. Which of the following was altered by the substance?

Sodium ions and calcium ions are examples of

Lipids

A complete atom is electrically neutral because

In phenylketonuria, an individual cannot break down the amino acid phenylalanine. Molecules that include phenylalanine build up in the blood, which causes intellectual disability and other symptoms. This inherited disease can be controlled by following a diet that is very low in

Glycogen is stored in the liver and ________.

Which of the following isotopes has the longest half-life?

Cholesterol, a type of lipid, is composed of three fatty acid chains attached to glycerol.

Nucleic acids are

The atomic weight of an element whose atoms contain 8 protons, 8 electrons, and 8 neutrons is

________ are building blocks of nucleic acids.

The atomic number of an atom equals the number of ________, and the atomic weight equals the ________.

Which of the following groups of elements accounts for more than 95% of the human body by weight?

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Cells

Cellular Metabolism

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

Nervous System II: Divisions of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

Genetics and Genomics

Filters

The atomic number of an atom equals the number of , and the atomic weight equals the .