Exam 7: Social Process Theories

According to Gottfredson and Hirschi, levels of self-control fluctuate substantially throughout the life course.

In regards to social learning theory, ______ is defined as the balance of anticipated or actual rewards and punishments that follow or are consequences of behavior.

An offender arrested for shoplifting states: The store is owned by a huge company; they wouldn't have even noticed this loss.This is reflective of

Provide an example of positive and negative reinforcements.

Define involvement as an element of the social bond.

______ argues that individual behavior is shaped through the process of reinforcement and punishment.

Define social control.

Frank Tannenbaum referred to the process of labeling a person criminal as ______:

Explain the primary concepts of differential association theory.Identify some of the nine propositions and discuss the purpose of definitions.

According to differential association theory, ______ become favorable to law violation according to the frequency, duration, priority, and intensity of exposure to them.

Discuss the major points of labeling theory.What does this theory uniquely contribute to our understanding of crime? What are the drawbacks of this perspective?

Social control and social learning theories agree with each other on a majority of issues relating to crime and criminals.

Edwin Sutherland is credited with neutralization theory.

The policy implications derivable from social control and self-control theories largely have to do with the family.

The loot from a burglary, or the status achieved by killing a member of a rival gang, are both examples of ______.

______ argues that an individual's propensity for crime is largely determined during childhood as a result of incompetent parenting, and tends to persist thereafter.

Identify one possible policy implication of differential association theory.

An offender arrested for assault says: "I had to do it, he was threatening my little sister, and I had to protect her!" This is an example of which technique of neutralization?

Which of the following theorists is associated with labeling theory?

______ stimuli are presented before a behavior occurs, and then has an impact on that behavior's likelihood of being repeated.