Question 1

How do ice fish transport oxygen in their blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  in red blood cells 
B)  in white blood cells 
C)  in platelets 
D)  in plasma 
E)  on hemoglobin 
A)  in red blood cells 
B)  in white blood cells 
C)  in platelets 
D)  in plasma 
E)  on hemoglobin

Question 2

A dual-chamber pacemaker is surgically placed in a patient's chest.Wires then carry pulses to the right atrium and the right ventricle.Why would the pulses be carried to the right chambers of the heart and not the left chambers?

Accepted Answer

A)  The left chambers are reduced or absent in many subadults. 
B)  The right chambers of the heart are weaker and need more stimulation. 
C)  Only the right chambers of the heart need to contract to move blood to the lungs. 
D)  It is easier to run the wires from the pacemaker through the vena cava. 
E)  Once the right chambers are activated the pulse will be carried to the left chambers. 
A)  The left chambers are reduced or absent in many subadults. 
B)  The right chambers of the heart are weaker and need more stimulation. 
C)  Only the right chambers of the heart need to contract to move blood to the lungs. 
D)  It is easier to run the wires from the pacemaker through the vena cava. 
E)  Once the right chambers are activated the pulse will be carried to the left chambers.

Question 3

Ice fish would have which kind of circulatory systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  closed with a two-chambered heart 
B)  open 
C)  closed with a single-chambered heart 
D)  closed with a three-chambered heart 
E)  closed with a four-chambered heart 
A)  closed with a two-chambered heart 
B)  open 
C)  closed with a single-chambered heart 
D)  closed with a three-chambered heart 
E)  closed with a four-chambered heart

Question 4

What mutations occurred in most ice fish that prevent production of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  fragmentation of both hemoglobin genes 
B)  deletion of one hemoglobin gene and fragmentation of the other hemoglobin gene 
C)  deletion of both hemoglobin genes 
D)  duplication of both hemoglobin genes 
E)  duplication of one hemoglobin gene and fragmentation of the other hemoglobin gene 
A)  fragmentation of both hemoglobin genes 
B)  deletion of one hemoglobin gene and fragmentation of the other hemoglobin gene 
C)  deletion of both hemoglobin genes 
D)  duplication of both hemoglobin genes 
E)  duplication of one hemoglobin gene and fragmentation of the other hemoglobin gene

Question 5

Which is a trend observed in the evolution of respiratory surfaces and lungs in vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased size 
B)  the presence of capillaries 
C)  increased surface area 
D)  gain in the ability to absorb oxygen across the skin 
E)  ability to move air into the lungs 
A)  increased size 
B)  the presence of capillaries 
C)  increased surface area 
D)  gain in the ability to absorb oxygen across the skin 
E)  ability to move air into the lungs

Question 6

A whole blood cell transfusion would be used to treat which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  arrhythmia 
B)  aneurysm 
C)  anemia 
D)  heart attack due to atherosclerosis 
E)  tachycardia 
A)  arrhythmia 
B)  aneurysm 
C)  anemia 
D)  heart attack due to atherosclerosis 
E)  tachycardia

Question 7

A cut is made into the tissue of a living organism.In what system will the blood flow out of the organism be the fastest?

Accepted Answer

A)  open circulatory system 
B)  closed circulatory system 
C)  open digestive system 
D)  open respiratory system 
E)  closed respiratory system 
A)  open circulatory system 
B)  closed circulatory system 
C)  open digestive system 
D)  open respiratory system 
E)  closed respiratory system

Question 8

The small vessels from which water and dissolved substances diffuse between the blood and interstitial fluid are

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries. 
B)  veins. 
C)  lymph vessels. 
D)  capillaries. 
E)  sieve tubes. 
A)  arteries. 
B)  veins. 
C)  lymph vessels. 
D)  capillaries. 
E)  sieve tubes.

Question 9

Vertebrates with a two-chambered heart include

Accepted Answer

A)  mollusks. 
B)  reptiles. 
C)  birds. 
D)  fishes. 
E)  mammals. 
A)  mollusks. 
B)  reptiles. 
C)  birds. 
D)  fishes. 
E)  mammals.

Question 10

In the systemic circulation,________ is expelled from the blood and ________ is picked up.

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen; nitrogen 
B)  carbon dioxide; nitrogen 
C)  carbon dioxide; oxygen 
D)  oxygen; carbon dioxide 
E)  nitrogen; oxygen 
A)  oxygen; nitrogen 
B)  carbon dioxide; nitrogen 
C)  carbon dioxide; oxygen 
D)  oxygen; carbon dioxide 
E)  nitrogen; oxygen

Question 11

If you were given a piece of a cow's heart and told that it was one of the thicker-walled chambers,you would know that you had an atrium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen is

Accepted Answer

A)  myoglobin. 
B)  actin. 
C)  fibrinogen. 
D)  hemoglobin. 
E)  myosin. 
A)  myoglobin. 
B)  actin. 
C)  fibrinogen. 
D)  hemoglobin. 
E)  myosin.

Question 13

Diastolic pressure reflects the

Accepted Answer

A)  contraction of the atria. 
B)  contraction of the ventricles. 
C)  relaxation of the ventricles. 
D)  relaxation of the atria. 
E)  heart rate. 
A)  contraction of the atria. 
B)  contraction of the ventricles. 
C)  relaxation of the ventricles. 
D)  relaxation of the atria. 
E)  heart rate.

Question 14

The hormone erythropoietin (EPO)stimulates the production of red blood cells.What effect would this have on transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport would both decrease. 
B)  Oxygen transport would decrease, carbon dioxide transport would not be affected much. 
C)  Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport would both increase. 
D)  Oxygen transport would decrease, carbon dioxide transport would increase. 
E)  Oxygen transport would increase, carbon dioxide transport would decrease. 
A)  Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport would both decrease. 
B)  Oxygen transport would decrease, carbon dioxide transport would not be affected much. 
C)  Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport would both increase. 
D)  Oxygen transport would decrease, carbon dioxide transport would increase. 
E)  Oxygen transport would increase, carbon dioxide transport would decrease.

Question 15

The concentration of oxygen is decreased at high altitude.Why would this make it harder for a person to get enough oxygen into their blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemoglobin cannot bind oxygen well at low concentrations. 
B)  The concentration gradient from the alveoli to the blood decreases. 
C)  People are working harder at high altitude and have higher demands for oxygen. 
D)  The concentration of oxygen in the blood is too low for diffusion into tissues. 
E)  The heart cannot obtain enough energy to pump oxygen into the blood from the alveoli. 
A)  Hemoglobin cannot bind oxygen well at low concentrations. 
B)  The concentration gradient from the alveoli to the blood decreases. 
C)  People are working harder at high altitude and have higher demands for oxygen. 
D)  The concentration of oxygen in the blood is too low for diffusion into tissues. 
E)  The heart cannot obtain enough energy to pump oxygen into the blood from the alveoli.

Question 16

In which of the following organisms does oxygenated blood leave the heart?

Accepted Answer

A)  fishes only 
B)  mammals only 
C)  birds only 
D)  all vertebrates 
E)  birds and mammals only 
A)  fishes only 
B)  mammals only 
C)  birds only 
D)  all vertebrates 
E)  birds and mammals only

Question 17

Blood in the pulmonary artery would have ________ oxygen and ________ carbon dioxide than blood in the pulmonary vein.

Accepted Answer

A)  more; less 
B)  the same; less 
C)  less; more 
D)  more; the same 
E)  less; less 
A)  more; less 
B)  the same; less 
C)  less; more 
D)  more; the same 
E)  less; less

Question 18

The simplest animals with a closed circulatory system are

Accepted Answer

A)  birds. 
B)  amphibians. 
C)  annelids. 
D)  fishes. 
E)  reptiles. 
A)  birds. 
B)  amphibians. 
C)  annelids. 
D)  fishes. 
E)  reptiles.

Question 19

Aerobic respiration consumes ________ gas and generates ________ gas as a waste product.

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen; carbon dioxide 
B)  nitrogen; carbon dioxide 
C)  carbon dioxide; nitrogen 
D)  oxygen; nitrogen 
E)  carbon dioxide; oxygen 
A)  oxygen; carbon dioxide 
B)  nitrogen; carbon dioxide 
C)  carbon dioxide; nitrogen 
D)  oxygen; nitrogen 
E)  carbon dioxide; oxygen

Question 20

Fish would have the highest concentration of oxygen in their blood as it

Accepted Answer

A)  left their systemic circulation. 
B)  left their heart. 
C)  entered their heart. 
D)  left their lungs. 
E)  left their gills. 
A)  left their systemic circulation. 
B)  left their heart. 
C)  entered their heart. 
D)  left their lungs. 
E)  left their gills.

Exam 27: The Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

How do ice fish transport oxygen in their blood?

A dual-chamber pacemaker is surgically placed in a patient's chest.Wires then carry pulses to the right atrium and the right ventricle.Why would the pulses be carried to the right chambers of the heart and not the left chambers?

Ice fish would have which kind of circulatory systems?

What mutations occurred in most ice fish that prevent production of hemoglobin?

Which is a trend observed in the evolution of respiratory surfaces and lungs in vertebrates?

A whole blood cell transfusion would be used to treat which of the following?

A cut is made into the tissue of a living organism.In what system will the blood flow out of the organism be the fastest?

The small vessels from which water and dissolved substances diffuse between the blood and interstitial fluid are

Vertebrates with a two-chambered heart include

In the systemic circulation,________ is expelled from the blood and ________ is picked up.

If you were given a piece of a cow's heart and told that it was one of the thicker-walled chambers,you would know that you had an atrium.

The protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen is

Diastolic pressure reflects the

The hormone erythropoietin (EPO)stimulates the production of red blood cells.What effect would this have on transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

The concentration of oxygen is decreased at high altitude.Why would this make it harder for a person to get enough oxygen into their blood?

In which of the following organisms does oxygenated blood leave the heart?

Blood in the pulmonary artery would have ________ oxygen and ________ carbon dioxide than blood in the pulmonary vein.

The simplest animals with a closed circulatory system are

Aerobic respiration consumes ________ gas and generates ________ gas as a waste product.

Fish would have the highest concentration of oxygen in their blood as it

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In the systemic circulation, is expelled from the blood and is picked up.

Blood in the pulmonary artery would have oxygen and carbon dioxide than blood in the pulmonary vein.

Aerobic respiration consumes gas and generates gas as a waste product.