Question 1

B cells and T cells are

Accepted Answer

A)  basophils. 
B)  invaders. 
C)  lymphocytes. 
D)  allergies. 
E)  vaccines. 
A)  basophils. 
B)  invaders. 
C)  lymphocytes. 
D)  allergies. 
E)  vaccines. C

Question 2

Why do lymph nodes often become swollen during an infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  T cells reproduce in lymph nodes after being exposed to pathogens. 
B)  B cells reproduce in lymph nodes after being exposed to pathogens. 
C)  Macrophages move to lymph nodes after engulfing pathogens. 
D)  Cytotoxic T cells attack pathogens in the lymph nodes, triggering inflammation. 
E)  Vasodilation increases blood flow in the lymph nodes. 
A)  T cells reproduce in lymph nodes after being exposed to pathogens. 
B)  B cells reproduce in lymph nodes after being exposed to pathogens. 
C)  Macrophages move to lymph nodes after engulfing pathogens. 
D)  Cytotoxic T cells attack pathogens in the lymph nodes, triggering inflammation. 
E)  Vasodilation increases blood flow in the lymph nodes. C

Question 3

The type of cell that is primarily responsible for initiating and coordinating the adaptive immune response is the B cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

When explaining a patient's near death from anaphylactic shock,you would tell the patient that this was a secondary immune response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

An exaggerated attack on a harmless antigen by an overly sensitive immune system is termed a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  autoimmune disease. 
B)  primary immune response. 
C)  secondary immune response. 
D)  allergy. 
E)  innate defense stimulator. 
A)  autoimmune disease. 
B)  primary immune response. 
C)  secondary immune response. 
D)  allergy. 
E)  innate defense stimulator.

Question 6

In a process called ________,an army of plasma cells and memory cells are produced from stimulated B cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  conjugation 
B)  meiotic regeneration 
C)  recombination 
D)  clonal selection 
E)  artificial selection 
A)  conjugation 
B)  meiotic regeneration 
C)  recombination 
D)  clonal selection 
E)  artificial selection

Question 7

Immunological memory results from the production of

Accepted Answer

A)  both B and T memory cells. 
B)  both mast and B memory cells. 
C)  mast memory cells only. 
D)  B memory cells only. 
E)  T memory cells only. 
A)  both B and T memory cells. 
B)  both mast and B memory cells. 
C)  mast memory cells only. 
D)  B memory cells only. 
E)  T memory cells only.

Question 8

A primary "antigen presenting cell," a cell that presents an antigen to a helper T cell,is a

Accepted Answer

A)  B cell. 
B)  T cell. 
C)  macrophage. 
D)  plasma cell. 
E)  chondrocyte. 
A)  B cell. 
B)  T cell. 
C)  macrophage. 
D)  plasma cell. 
E)  chondrocyte.

Question 9

If a human fetus is ________ and the pregnant woman is ________,an incompatibility that destroys the red blood cells of the fetus may occur.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rh-negative; Rh-positive 
B)  type AB; type O 
C)  type O; type AB 
D)  Rh-positive; Rh-negative 
E)  Rh-positive; type AB 
A)  Rh-negative; Rh-positive 
B)  type AB; type O 
C)  type O; type AB 
D)  Rh-positive; Rh-negative 
E)  Rh-positive; type AB

Question 10

A person who has been bitten by a venomous snake needs help via passive immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which is not a major part of the immune system?

Accepted Answer

A)  thymus 
B)  bone marrow 
C)  spleen 
D)  pancreas 
E)  lymph node 
A)  thymus 
B)  bone marrow 
C)  spleen 
D)  pancreas 
E)  lymph node

Question 12

White blood cells are produced

Accepted Answer

A)  by mitotic division of other white blood cells. 
B)  from platelets. 
C)  from chondrocytes. 
D)  from bone marrow stem cells. 
E)  from plasma proteins. 
A)  by mitotic division of other white blood cells. 
B)  from platelets. 
C)  from chondrocytes. 
D)  from bone marrow stem cells. 
E)  from plasma proteins.

Question 13

A major challenge is finding an acceptable bone marrow donor with the matching complex of Major Histocompatibility (MHC)proteins a person needs.Why is it important that the MHC proteins match between the donor and recipient?

Accepted Answer

A)  If they don't match, the donor's immune system will see the recipient's bone marrow as foreign. 
B)  MHC proteins make antibodies that could attack the recipient's immune system. 
C)  MHC proteins serve as inhibitors of the immune system. 
D)  If they don't match, the recipient's immune system will see the donor's bone marrow as foreign. 
E)  MHC proteins are used by cytotoxic T cells to kill bacteria, and if they don't match they won't work properly. 
A)  If they don't match, the donor's immune system will see the recipient's bone marrow as foreign. 
B)  MHC proteins make antibodies that could attack the recipient's immune system. 
C)  MHC proteins serve as inhibitors of the immune system. 
D)  If they don't match, the recipient's immune system will see the donor's bone marrow as foreign. 
E)  MHC proteins are used by cytotoxic T cells to kill bacteria, and if they don't match they won't work properly.

Question 14

According to the hypothesis in the "Investigating Life" section,compared to a person in a developed country,a person in a developing country is less likely to have

Accepted Answer

A)  a bacterial infection. 
B)  parasites. 
C)  asthma. 
D)  a viral infection. 
E)  a fungal infection. 
A)  a bacterial infection. 
B)  parasites. 
C)  asthma. 
D)  a viral infection. 
E)  a fungal infection.

Question 15

Each year there are an estimated 250,000 people who could benefit from a bone marrow transplant.What would happen to a patient who no longer had active bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

A)  They would be paralyzed. 
B)  They could not filter their blood and would require dialysis. 
C)  They would be immunocompromised. 
D)  They could not produce bile. 
E)  Their bones would degenerate. 
A)  They would be paralyzed. 
B)  They could not filter their blood and would require dialysis. 
C)  They would be immunocompromised. 
D)  They could not produce bile. 
E)  Their bones would degenerate.

Question 16

A cell that does not circulate in blood,but instead settles in tissues near the skin and in the digestive tract,producing and releasing histamine when tissue is damaged,is a

Accepted Answer

A)  basophil. 
B)  mast cell. 
C)  virus. 
D)  macrophage. 
E)  T cell. 
A)  basophil. 
B)  mast cell. 
C)  virus. 
D)  macrophage. 
E)  T cell.

Question 17

In an autoimmune disease,the immune system attacks the body's self antigens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The role of B cells in adaptive immunity is ________,while the role of T cells in adaptive immunity is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  to recognize any antigen; to recognize a specific antigen 
B)  to recognize a specific antigen; to recognize any antigen 
C)  to secrete antibodies in humoral immunity; to attack marked cells in cell-mediated immunity 
D)  to attack marked cells in cell-mediated immunity; to secrete antibodies in humoral immunity 
E)  to create antigens; to destroy antibodies 
A)  to recognize any antigen; to recognize a specific antigen 
B)  to recognize a specific antigen; to recognize any antigen 
C)  to secrete antibodies in humoral immunity; to attack marked cells in cell-mediated immunity 
D)  to attack marked cells in cell-mediated immunity; to secrete antibodies in humoral immunity 
E)  to create antigens; to destroy antibodies

Question 19

Every year the flu vaccine is designed to protect against three different strains of the influenza virus.Why do scientists typically have to make a new vaccine every year?

Accepted Answer

A)  because our bodies develop resistance to the vaccine and it becomes less effective 
B)  because the viruses develop resistance to the vaccine 
C)  because the viruses can mutate into new strains 
D)  because people change their habits each year and become susceptible to different strains of the virus 
E)  because a vaccine breaks down after one year 
A)  because our bodies develop resistance to the vaccine and it becomes less effective 
B)  because the viruses develop resistance to the vaccine 
C)  because the viruses can mutate into new strains 
D)  because people change their habits each year and become susceptible to different strains of the virus 
E)  because a vaccine breaks down after one year

Question 20

Special cells produced by the immune system that are progeny of stimulated B cells and are antibody-producing factories are

Accepted Answer

A)  cytotoxic T cells. 
B)  helper T cells. 
C)  plasma cells. 
D)  macrophages. 
E)  All answers are correct. 
A)  cytotoxic T cells. 
B)  helper T cells. 
C)  plasma cells. 
D)  macrophages. 
E)  All answers are correct.

Exam 29: The Immune System

B cells and T cells are

Why do lymph nodes often become swollen during an infection?

The type of cell that is primarily responsible for initiating and coordinating the adaptive immune response is the B cell.

When explaining a patient's near death from anaphylactic shock,you would tell the patient that this was a secondary immune response.

An exaggerated attack on a harmless antigen by an overly sensitive immune system is termed a(n)

In a process called ________,an army of plasma cells and memory cells are produced from stimulated B cells.

Immunological memory results from the production of

A primary "antigen presenting cell," a cell that presents an antigen to a helper T cell,is a

If a human fetus is ________ and the pregnant woman is ________,an incompatibility that destroys the red blood cells of the fetus may occur.

A person who has been bitten by a venomous snake needs help via passive immunity.

Which is not a major part of the immune system?

White blood cells are produced

A major challenge is finding an acceptable bone marrow donor with the matching complex of Major Histocompatibility (MHC)proteins a person needs.Why is it important that the MHC proteins match between the donor and recipient?

According to the hypothesis in the "Investigating Life" section,compared to a person in a developed country,a person in a developing country is less likely to have

Each year there are an estimated 250,000 people who could benefit from a bone marrow transplant.What would happen to a patient who no longer had active bone marrow?

A cell that does not circulate in blood,but instead settles in tissues near the skin and in the digestive tract,producing and releasing histamine when tissue is damaged,is a

In an autoimmune disease,the immune system attacks the body's self antigens.

The role of B cells in adaptive immunity is ________,while the role of T cells in adaptive immunity is ________.

Every year the flu vaccine is designed to protect against three different strains of the influenza virus.Why do scientists typically have to make a new vaccine every year?

Special cells produced by the immune system that are progeny of stimulated B cells and are antibody-producing factories are

The Scientific Study of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cells

The Energy of Life

Photosynthesis

Respiration and Fermentation

DNA Structure and Gene Function

DNA Replication,Binary Fission,and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Technology

Forces of Evolutionary Change

Evidence of Evolution

Speciation and Extinction

Evolution and Diversity of Microbial Life

Evolution and Diversity of Plants

Evolution and Diversity of Animals

Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

Preserving Biodiversity

Plant Form and Function

Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

The Nervous System and the Senses

The Endocrine System

The Skeletal and Muscular Systems

The Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

The Digestive and Urinary Systems

Animal Reproduction and Development

Filters

If a human fetus is and the pregnant woman is ,an incompatibility that destroys the red blood cells of the fetus may occur.

The role of B cells in adaptive immunity is ,while the role of T cells in adaptive immunity is .