Question 1

Lipid-soluble steroid hormones are synthesized from

Accepted Answer

A)  cholesterol. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  nucleotides. 
D)  proteins. 
E)  sucrose. 
A)  cholesterol. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  nucleotides. 
D)  proteins. 
E)  sucrose.

Question 2

-In the case of prairie voles,what hypothesis were the scientists examining?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monogamous social attachments will form when hormone receptors are located in a region of the brain that derives feelings of reward. 
B)  Monogamous social attachments will form when hormone receptors are located in a region of the brain that derives feelings of aggression. 
C)  Higher levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are found in organisms that form monogamous social attachments. 
D)  Lower levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are found in organisms that form monogamous social attachments. 
E)  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is absent in organisms that form monogamous social attachments. 
A)  Monogamous social attachments will form when hormone receptors are located in a region of the brain that derives feelings of reward. 
B)  Monogamous social attachments will form when hormone receptors are located in a region of the brain that derives feelings of aggression. 
C)  Higher levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are found in organisms that form monogamous social attachments. 
D)  Lower levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are found in organisms that form monogamous social attachments. 
E)  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is absent in organisms that form monogamous social attachments.

Question 3

The endocrine gland that produces hormones that regulate blood glucose levels is the

Accepted Answer

A)  parathyroid gland. 
B)  adrenal gland. 
C)  pineal gland. 
D)  pancreas. 
E)  testes. 
A)  parathyroid gland. 
B)  adrenal gland. 
C)  pineal gland. 
D)  pancreas. 
E)  testes.

Question 4

BPA would be considered which kind of molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  a neurotoxin 
B)  an endocrine disruptor 
C)  an antibiotic 
D)  a synthetic hormone 
E)  a positive feedback stimulator 
A)  a neurotoxin 
B)  an endocrine disruptor 
C)  an antibiotic 
D)  a synthetic hormone 
E)  a positive feedback stimulator

Question 5

If you wanted to alter breast milk production in a new mother having trouble feeding her baby due to poor milk supply,you would look at the hormone prolactin,since it is produced by the ________ and targets the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior pituitary; mammary glands 
B)  anterior pituitary; pancreas 
C)  posterior pituitary; kidney 
D)  posterior pituitary; mammary glands 
E)  posterior pituitary; pancreas 
A)  anterior pituitary; mammary glands 
B)  anterior pituitary; pancreas 
C)  posterior pituitary; kidney 
D)  posterior pituitary; mammary glands 
E)  posterior pituitary; pancreas

Question 6

Steroid hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  are typically lipid-soluble. 
B)  typically do not bind to a surface receptor on a target cell. 
C)  pass through cell membranes. 
D)  typically alter gene expression. 
E)  All answers are correct. 
A)  are typically lipid-soluble. 
B)  typically do not bind to a surface receptor on a target cell. 
C)  pass through cell membranes. 
D)  typically alter gene expression. 
E)  All answers are correct.

Question 7

Type 2 diabetes is strongly associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  obesity. 
B)  old age. 
C)  premature infants. 
D)  a suppressed immune system. 
E)  calcium deficiency. 
A)  obesity. 
B)  old age. 
C)  premature infants. 
D)  a suppressed immune system. 
E)  calcium deficiency.

Question 8

Estrogen and progesterone normally do which things?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate LH and FSH production by the uterus 
B)  stimulate LH and FSH production by the pituitary 
C)  inhibit LH and FSH production by the uterus 
D)  They have no effect on LH and FSH production. 
E)  inhibit LH and FSH production by the pituitary 
A)  stimulate LH and FSH production by the uterus 
B)  stimulate LH and FSH production by the pituitary 
C)  inhibit LH and FSH production by the uterus 
D)  They have no effect on LH and FSH production. 
E)  inhibit LH and FSH production by the pituitary

Question 9

An estimated 1% of the population has hyperthyroidism. Graves disease, also known as toxic diffuse goiter, is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in the United States. Graves disease is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system makes an antibody that mimics TSH.
-The antibody produced in Graves disease would

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibit the thyroid from releasing thyroid hormone. 
B)  stimulate the thyroid to release thyroid hormone. 
C)  bind to the thyroid hormone in the blood. 
D)  destroy thyroid cells. 
E)  enter the thyroid cell and move to the nucleus. 
A)  inhibit the thyroid from releasing thyroid hormone. 
B)  stimulate the thyroid to release thyroid hormone. 
C)  bind to the thyroid hormone in the blood. 
D)  destroy thyroid cells. 
E)  enter the thyroid cell and move to the nucleus.

Question 10

You would know that you had found endocrine cells if you observed them to secrete hormones into ducts that release the hormones into a body cavity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Hyperthyroidism could be triggered by which changes?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased pituitary activity or decreased thyroid hormone production 
B)  increased pituitary activity or increased thyroid hormone production 
C)  decreased pituitary activity or decreased thyroid hormone production 
D)  decreased pituitary activity or increased thyroid hormone production 
E)  No answer is correct. 
A)  increased pituitary activity or decreased thyroid hormone production 
B)  increased pituitary activity or increased thyroid hormone production 
C)  decreased pituitary activity or decreased thyroid hormone production 
D)  decreased pituitary activity or increased thyroid hormone production 
E)  No answer is correct.

Question 12

Cortisol is produced by the adrenal glands located near the kidney,yet pituitary tumors cause 70% of Cushing's syndrome cases.The best explanation for this observation is that the pituitary tumor releases

Accepted Answer

A)  mineralocorticoids. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  a hormone that inhibits the adrenal gland. 
D)  ACTH. 
E)  cortisol. 
A)  mineralocorticoids. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  a hormone that inhibits the adrenal gland. 
D)  ACTH. 
E)  cortisol.

Question 13

The hormone oxytocin is stored and released by the ________ and targets the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus; mammary glands 
B)  anterior pituitary; mammary glands 
C)  anterior pituitary; pancreas 
D)  hypothalamus; pancreas 
E)  posterior pituitary; mammary glands 
A)  hypothalamus; mammary glands 
B)  anterior pituitary; mammary glands 
C)  anterior pituitary; pancreas 
D)  hypothalamus; pancreas 
E)  posterior pituitary; mammary glands

Question 14

Prolactinomas are the most common type of pituitary tumor.Symptoms of prolactinoma in women include infertility and atypical menstruation.Which is the best explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased prolactin in the blood has a positive feedback on the pituitary. 
B)  Increased prolactin in the blood has a negative feedback on the pituitary. 
C)  Decreased prolactin in the blood has a negative feedback on the pituitary. 
D)  Decreased prolactin in the blood has a positive feedback on the pituitary. 
A)  Increased prolactin in the blood has a positive feedback on the pituitary. 
B)  Increased prolactin in the blood has a negative feedback on the pituitary. 
C)  Decreased prolactin in the blood has a negative feedback on the pituitary. 
D)  Decreased prolactin in the blood has a positive feedback on the pituitary.

Question 15

Cushing's syndrome occurs when the body's tissues are exposed to high levels of cortisol for too long. Many people develop Cushing's syndrome because they take steroid glucocorticoids such as prednisone for asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and other inflammatory diseases. Other people develop Cushing's syndrome because their bodies produce too much cortisol.
-Prednisone would be made from which starting material?

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids 
B)  cholesterol 
C)  nucleotides 
D)  proteins 
E)  sucrose 
A)  amino acids 
B)  cholesterol 
C)  nucleotides 
D)  proteins 
E)  sucrose

Question 16

When daylight savings time ends,clocks are turned back one hour.Someone who woke up in the dark now wakes up in the light.As a result,melatonin production

Accepted Answer

A)  begins an hour earlier when the person wakes up, altering the circadian rhythm of the person's daily activities. 
B)  begins an hour later when the person goes to sleep, altering the circadian rhythm of the person's daily activities. 
C)  is inhibited an hour earlier so when the person wakes up the circadian rhythm of the person's daily activities is altered. 
D)  is inhibited an hour later so when the person wakes up the circadian rhythm of the person's daily activities is altered. 
E)  is not affected by a person waking up in the dark or waking up in the light, hence does not alter the circadian rhythm of the person's daily activities. 
A)  begins an hour earlier when the person wakes up, altering the circadian rhythm of the person's daily activities. 
B)  begins an hour later when the person goes to sleep, altering the circadian rhythm of the person's daily activities. 
C)  is inhibited an hour earlier so when the person wakes up the circadian rhythm of the person's daily activities is altered. 
D)  is inhibited an hour later so when the person wakes up the circadian rhythm of the person's daily activities is altered. 
E)  is not affected by a person waking up in the dark or waking up in the light, hence does not alter the circadian rhythm of the person's daily activities.

Question 17

Which is not an endocrine gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  testes 
C)  gallbladder 
D)  pineal gland 
E)  adrenal gland 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  testes 
C)  gallbladder 
D)  pineal gland 
E)  adrenal gland

Question 18

All of our body's hormones are products of the endocrine system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which characteristic sets insulin and glucagon apart from steroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are lipid-soluble. 
B)  They alter gene expression. 
C)  They bind to a receptor inside the cell's cytoplasm or nucleus. 
D)  They bind to a receptor on the surface of the cell. 
E)  They are not water-soluble. 
A)  They are lipid-soluble. 
B)  They alter gene expression. 
C)  They bind to a receptor inside the cell's cytoplasm or nucleus. 
D)  They bind to a receptor on the surface of the cell. 
E)  They are not water-soluble.

Question 20

Which would be the primary target for ADH?

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas 
B)  mammary gland 
C)  testes 
D)  kidney 
E)  ovaries 
A)  pancreas 
B)  mammary gland 
C)  testes 
D)  kidney 
E)  ovaries

Exam 25: The Endocrine System

Lipid-soluble steroid hormones are synthesized from

-In the case of prairie voles,what hypothesis were the scientists examining?

The endocrine gland that produces hormones that regulate blood glucose levels is the

BPA would be considered which kind of molecule?

If you wanted to alter breast milk production in a new mother having trouble feeding her baby due to poor milk supply,you would look at the hormone prolactin,since it is produced by the ________ and targets the ________.

Steroid hormones

Type 2 diabetes is strongly associated with

Estrogen and progesterone normally do which things?

You would know that you had found endocrine cells if you observed them to secrete hormones into ducts that release the hormones into a body cavity.

Hyperthyroidism could be triggered by which changes?

Cortisol is produced by the adrenal glands located near the kidney,yet pituitary tumors cause 70% of Cushing's syndrome cases.The best explanation for this observation is that the pituitary tumor releases

The hormone oxytocin is stored and released by the ________ and targets the ________.

Prolactinomas are the most common type of pituitary tumor.Symptoms of prolactinoma in women include infertility and atypical menstruation.Which is the best explanation for this observation?

When daylight savings time ends,clocks are turned back one hour.Someone who woke up in the dark now wakes up in the light.As a result,melatonin production

Which is not an endocrine gland?

All of our body's hormones are products of the endocrine system.

Which characteristic sets insulin and glucagon apart from steroid hormones?

Which would be the primary target for ADH?

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If you wanted to alter breast milk production in a new mother having trouble feeding her baby due to poor milk supply,you would look at the hormone prolactin,since it is produced by the and targets the .

The hormone oxytocin is stored and released by the and targets the .