Question 1

A chemical that travels from a sending neuron to a receiving neuron is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  synaptic cleft. 
B)  action potential. 
C)  hormone. 
D)  neurotransmitter. 
E)  neurotoxin. 
A)  synaptic cleft. 
B)  action potential. 
C)  hormone. 
D)  neurotransmitter. 
E)  neurotoxin.

Question 2

The junctions between one neuron and another neuron are called

Accepted Answer

A)  axons. 
B)  dendrites. 
C)  synapses. 
D)  cell bodies. 
E)  myelin sheaths. 
A)  axons. 
B)  dendrites. 
C)  synapses. 
D)  cell bodies. 
E)  myelin sheaths.

Question 3

If asked to point to the place on a model of the brain where subconscious muscular movements are coordinated,you would point to the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  medulla oblongata. 
D)  pons. 
E)  cerebrum. 
A)  cerebellum. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  medulla oblongata. 
D)  pons. 
E)  cerebrum.

Question 4

The nervous tissue of the central nervous system that consists of neuron cell bodies and synapses is the

Accepted Answer

A)  white matter. 
B)  white reflex. 
C)  gray matter. 
D)  gray reflex. 
E)  red matter. 
A)  white matter. 
B)  white reflex. 
C)  gray matter. 
D)  gray reflex. 
E)  red matter.

Question 5

In the cochlea,sound is transmitted into nerve signals that reach the brain through

Accepted Answer

A)  photoreceptors. 
B)  thermoreceptors. 
C)  pain receptors. 
D)  mechanoreceptors. 
E)  chemoreceptors. 
A)  photoreceptors. 
B)  thermoreceptors. 
C)  pain receptors. 
D)  mechanoreceptors. 
E)  chemoreceptors.

Question 6

A neuron recharges when Na⁺ ions

Accepted Answer

A)  are actively pumped against their concentration gradient. 
B)  spontaneously move down their concentration gradient. 
C)  spontaneously move against their concentration gradient. 
D)  are actively pumped down their concentration gradient. 
A)  are actively pumped against their concentration gradient. 
B)  spontaneously move down their concentration gradient. 
C)  spontaneously move against their concentration gradient. 
D)  are actively pumped down their concentration gradient.

Question 7

In a reflex,the ________ receives the signal that your finger is too hot and sends the message to move the finger away from the stove.

Accepted Answer

A)  spinal cord 
B)  peripheral nervous system 
C)  brain 
D)  hypothalamus 
E)  thermoreceptor 
A)  spinal cord 
B)  peripheral nervous system 
C)  brain 
D)  hypothalamus 
E)  thermoreceptor

Question 8

Reminyl, known chemically as galantamine, works like the nation's three other Alzheimer's medications. It modestly slows cognitive (mental ability) decline by inhibiting the breakdown of acetylcholine, a brain chemical vital for nerve cells to communicate, by the enzyme acetylcholineesterase.
-Acetylcholine is what?

Accepted Answer

A)  an enzyme 
B)  a neurotransmitter 
C)  a voltage gated ion channel 
D)  a receptor 
E)  a source of fuel for neurons 
A)  an enzyme 
B)  a neurotransmitter 
C)  a voltage gated ion channel 
D)  a receptor 
E)  a source of fuel for neurons

Question 9

ATP is used to power the creation of a neuron's resting potential.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The layered membranes that jacket the central nervous system are the

Accepted Answer

A)  gray matter. 
B)  meninges. 
C)  white matter. 
D)  epidermis. 
E)  myelin sheaths. 
A)  gray matter. 
B)  meninges. 
C)  white matter. 
D)  epidermis. 
E)  myelin sheaths.

Question 11

The division of the nervous system that integrates sensory information and coordinates the body's response is the

Accepted Answer

A)  peripheral nervous system. 
B)  central nervous system. 
C)  somatic nervous system. 
D)  autonomic nervous system. 
E)  sympathetic nervous system. 
A)  peripheral nervous system. 
B)  central nervous system. 
C)  somatic nervous system. 
D)  autonomic nervous system. 
E)  sympathetic nervous system.

Question 12

In humans,what receptor is used primarily to detect sharp blows and excessive heat?

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanoreceptor 
B)  chemoreceptor 
C)  photoreceptor 
D)  thermoreceptor 
E)  pain receptor 
A)  mechanoreceptor 
B)  chemoreceptor 
C)  photoreceptor 
D)  thermoreceptor 
E)  pain receptor

Question 13

You are lying on a sand dune looking over the water, listening to the waves, and enjoying the feel of the sun and wind on your skin. You also smell the salty ocean air and seaweed that has washed ashore.
-When you hear the waves,what is being activated?

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanoreceptor 
B)  thermoreceptor 
C)  photoreceptor 
D)  chemoreceptor 
E)  pain receptor 
A)  mechanoreceptor 
B)  thermoreceptor 
C)  photoreceptor 
D)  chemoreceptor 
E)  pain receptor

Question 14

What is true of olfactory cells and taste buds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Olfactory receptors are chemoreceptors that detect odor molecules, while taste buds contain mechanoreceptors that allow the sense of taste in the mouth. 
B)  Olfactory receptors are mechanoreceptors that detect odor molecules, while taste buds contain chemoreceptors that allow the sense of taste in the mouth. 
C)  Olfactory receptors are chemoreceptors that detect odor molecules, and taste buds are chemoreceptors that allow the sense of taste in the mouth. 
D)  Olfactory receptors are mechanoreceptors that detect odor molecules, and taste buds are mechanoreceptors that allow the sense of taste in the mouth. 
A)  Olfactory receptors are chemoreceptors that detect odor molecules, while taste buds contain mechanoreceptors that allow the sense of taste in the mouth. 
B)  Olfactory receptors are mechanoreceptors that detect odor molecules, while taste buds contain chemoreceptors that allow the sense of taste in the mouth. 
C)  Olfactory receptors are chemoreceptors that detect odor molecules, and taste buds are chemoreceptors that allow the sense of taste in the mouth. 
D)  Olfactory receptors are mechanoreceptors that detect odor molecules, and taste buds are mechanoreceptors that allow the sense of taste in the mouth.

Question 15

An action potential will occur only if

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium ions are released into the interior of the axon. 
B)  the interior of the axon becomes less negative than the resting potential. 
C)  the threshold potential is reached. 
D)  a stimulus triggers a neuron to fire. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  sodium ions are released into the interior of the axon. 
B)  the interior of the axon becomes less negative than the resting potential. 
C)  the threshold potential is reached. 
D)  a stimulus triggers a neuron to fire. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 16

Chemical substances that elicit specific responses in other members of the same species are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  hormones. 
B)  pheromones. 
C)  neuroglia. 
D)  meninges. 
E)  cochleas. 
A)  hormones. 
B)  pheromones. 
C)  neuroglia. 
D)  meninges. 
E)  cochleas.

Question 17

Odorous molecules are first detected in the nose and are transduced into receptor potentials,which travel to the olfactory bulb and then to the cerebral cortex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In myelinated axons

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium ions can diffuse into the axon only at sections that are myelinated. 
B)  sodium ions can diffuse into the axon only at gaps in the myelin. 
C)  sodium ions can diffuse out of the axon only at sections that are myelinated. 
D)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  potassium ions can diffuse into the axon only at sections that are myelinated. 
B)  sodium ions can diffuse into the axon only at gaps in the myelin. 
C)  sodium ions can diffuse out of the axon only at sections that are myelinated. 
D)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT one of the general senses?

Accepted Answer

A)  pain 
B)  vision 
C)  touch 
D)  temperature 
A)  pain 
B)  vision 
C)  touch 
D)  temperature

Question 20

If you wanted to stop transmission from one neuron to another,you would want to destroy all

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitters. 
B)  T tubules. 
C)  resting potentials. 
D)  sarcomeres. 
E)  myelin sheaths. 
A)  neurotransmitters. 
B)  T tubules. 
C)  resting potentials. 
D)  sarcomeres. 
E)  myelin sheaths.

Exam 24: The Nervous System and the Senses

A chemical that travels from a sending neuron to a receiving neuron is called a(n)

The junctions between one neuron and another neuron are called

If asked to point to the place on a model of the brain where subconscious muscular movements are coordinated,you would point to the

The nervous tissue of the central nervous system that consists of neuron cell bodies and synapses is the

In the cochlea,sound is transmitted into nerve signals that reach the brain through

A neuron recharges when Na⁺ ions

In a reflex,the ________ receives the signal that your finger is too hot and sends the message to move the finger away from the stove.

ATP is used to power the creation of a neuron's resting potential.

The layered membranes that jacket the central nervous system are the

The division of the nervous system that integrates sensory information and coordinates the body's response is the

In humans,what receptor is used primarily to detect sharp blows and excessive heat?

You are lying on a sand dune looking over the water, listening to the waves, and enjoying the feel of the sun and wind on your skin. You also smell the salty ocean air and seaweed that has washed ashore. -When you hear the waves,what is being activated?

What is true of olfactory cells and taste buds?

An action potential will occur only if

Chemical substances that elicit specific responses in other members of the same species are referred to as

Odorous molecules are first detected in the nose and are transduced into receptor potentials,which travel to the olfactory bulb and then to the cerebral cortex.

In myelinated axons

Which of the following is NOT one of the general senses?

If you wanted to stop transmission from one neuron to another,you would want to destroy all

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