Question 1

Natural selection is a random process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The three types of natural selection are

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection, artificial selection, and disruptive selection. 
B)  directional selection, artificial selection, and normalizing selection. 
C)  disruptive selection, stabilizing selection, and normalizing selection. 
D)  disruptive selection, stabilizing selection, and artificial selection. 
E)  directional selection, disruptive selection, and stabilizing selection. 
A)  directional selection, artificial selection, and disruptive selection. 
B)  directional selection, artificial selection, and normalizing selection. 
C)  disruptive selection, stabilizing selection, and normalizing selection. 
D)  disruptive selection, stabilizing selection, and artificial selection. 
E)  directional selection, disruptive selection, and stabilizing selection.

Question 3

Since the conditions needed for the Hardy-Weinberg principle do not occur in real populations,this principle has no importance in population studies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Who authored the book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
B)  Jean Lamarck 
C)  Georges Buffon 
D)  Charles Darwin 
E)  Charles Lyell 
A)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
B)  Jean Lamarck 
C)  Georges Buffon 
D)  Charles Darwin 
E)  Charles Lyell

Question 5

Babies that are at a low birth weight are more likely to have health problems,while women will have difficulty delivering babies with high birth weight.Together this leads to ________ for babies of average birth weight.

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilizing selection 
B)  disruptive selection 
C)  directional selection 
D)  artificial selection 
E)  sexual selection 
A)  stabilizing selection 
B)  disruptive selection 
C)  directional selection 
D)  artificial selection 
E)  sexual selection

Question 6

If you were going to apply the principles of Darwin to business,you would allow employees to submit a wide range of ideas and then test many,keeping the winners because in evolution,natural selection

Accepted Answer

A)  neither preserves nor rejects harmful variations in a population. 
B)  preserves harmful variations and rejects favorable variations in a population. 
C)  preserves favorable and harmful variations in a population. 
D)  preserves favorable variations and rejects harmful variations in a population. 
E)  No answer is correct. 
A)  neither preserves nor rejects harmful variations in a population. 
B)  preserves harmful variations and rejects favorable variations in a population. 
C)  preserves favorable and harmful variations in a population. 
D)  preserves favorable variations and rejects harmful variations in a population. 
E)  No answer is correct.

Question 7

Evolution must include a change in

Accepted Answer

A)  the gene pool of a population. 
B)  the genes of an individual. 
C)  the dominant phenotype. 
D)  the recessive phenotype. 
E)  the percentage of individuals in a population with the dominant phenotype. 
A)  the gene pool of a population. 
B)  the genes of an individual. 
C)  the dominant phenotype. 
D)  the recessive phenotype. 
E)  the percentage of individuals in a population with the dominant phenotype.

Question 8

You observe that red sea turtles have become more common over time in a previously all-green population.You attribute the change to a selective advantage for the red phenotype,leading to a change in allele frequency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In 1809,________,a French taxonomist,suggested that organisms that use one part of their body repeatedly would increase their abilities.

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Darwin 
B)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
C)  Jean Lamarck 
D)  Georges Buffon 
E)  Charles Lyell 
A)  Charles Darwin 
B)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
C)  Jean Lamarck 
D)  Georges Buffon 
E)  Charles Lyell

Question 10

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation,p + q = 1,p and q represent the frequency of alleles in a population of diploid organisms if

Accepted Answer

A)  two or more alleles exist for that gene. 
B)  two or more genes are needed to express a trait. 
C)  only two alleles exist for that gene. 
D)  the trait is polygenic. 
E)  only one allele exists for that gene. 
A)  two or more alleles exist for that gene. 
B)  two or more genes are needed to express a trait. 
C)  only two alleles exist for that gene. 
D)  the trait is polygenic. 
E)  only one allele exists for that gene.

Question 11

In 1749,________,a French naturalist,became one of the first scientists to suggest that closely related species arose from a common ancestor.

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Darwin 
B)  Georges Buffon 
C)  James Hutton 
D)  Georges Cuvier 
E)  Charles Lyell 
A)  Charles Darwin 
B)  Georges Buffon 
C)  James Hutton 
D)  Georges Cuvier 
E)  Charles Lyell

Question 12

Ancestors of giraffes with shorter necks could not reach branches high up in trees for food.This led to ________ for giraffes with longer necks.

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilizing selection 
B)  disruptive selection 
C)  artificial selection 
D)  sexual selection 
E)  directional selection 
A)  stabilizing selection 
B)  disruptive selection 
C)  artificial selection 
D)  sexual selection 
E)  directional selection

Question 13

The frequency of the sickle cell allele is kept up by the heterozygote advantage under natural selection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

If an environment changes rapidly,organisms with ________ will be more likely to survive and reproduce.

Accepted Answer

A)  existing beneficial mutations 
B)  existing neutral mutations 
C)  the ability to produce beneficial mutations 
D)  the ability to adapt their genotype 
E)  All the answer choices are correct. 
A)  existing beneficial mutations 
B)  existing neutral mutations 
C)  the ability to produce beneficial mutations 
D)  the ability to adapt their genotype 
E)  All the answer choices are correct.

Question 15

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation,p² + 2pq + q² = 1,2pq represents the frequency of

Accepted Answer

A)  homozygous recessive individuals. 
B)  homozygous dominant individuals. 
C)  heterozygous individuals. 
D)  homozygous recessive and heterozygous individuals. 
E)  homozygous dominant and heterozygous individuals. 
A)  homozygous recessive individuals. 
B)  homozygous dominant individuals. 
C)  heterozygous individuals. 
D)  homozygous recessive and heterozygous individuals. 
E)  homozygous dominant and heterozygous individuals.

Question 16

Sexually dimorphic features do not include

Accepted Answer

A)  colored plumage. 
B)  intelligence. 
C)  antlers. 
D)  body size. 
E)  horns. 
A)  colored plumage. 
B)  intelligence. 
C)  antlers. 
D)  body size. 
E)  horns.

Question 17

The geologist who suggested that natural processes are slow and steady and that the Earth is much older than 6,000 years was

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Darwin. 
B)  Charles Lyell. 
C)  Alfred Russel Wallace. 
D)  Jean Lamarck. 
E)  Georges Buffon. 
A)  Charles Darwin. 
B)  Charles Lyell. 
C)  Alfred Russel Wallace. 
D)  Jean Lamarck. 
E)  Georges Buffon.

Question 18

The North American bison was hunted to near-extinction in the 1800s.It has since recovered,but with decreased genetic diversity.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the founder effect. 
B)  the bottleneck effect. 
C)  natural selection. 
D)  increased mutation rate. 
E)  artificial selection. 
A)  the founder effect. 
B)  the bottleneck effect. 
C)  natural selection. 
D)  increased mutation rate. 
E)  artificial selection.

Question 19

At Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium,allele frequencies

Accepted Answer

A)  change from one generation to the next so evolution occurs. 
B)  remain constant from one generation to the next so evolution occurs. 
C)  change from one generation to the next so evolution does not occur. 
D)  remain constant from one generation to the next so evolution does not occur. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  change from one generation to the next so evolution occurs. 
B)  remain constant from one generation to the next so evolution occurs. 
C)  change from one generation to the next so evolution does not occur. 
D)  remain constant from one generation to the next so evolution does not occur. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 20

The observable properties of genes is an organism's

Accepted Answer

A)  genotype. 
B)  phenotype. 
C)  allele frequency. 
D)  gene pool. 
E)  macroevolution. 
A)  genotype. 
B)  phenotype. 
C)  allele frequency. 
D)  gene pool. 
E)  macroevolution.

Exam 12: Forces of Evolutionary Change

Natural selection is a random process.

The three types of natural selection are

Since the conditions needed for the Hardy-Weinberg principle do not occur in real populations,this principle has no importance in population studies.

Who authored the book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection?

Babies that are at a low birth weight are more likely to have health problems,while women will have difficulty delivering babies with high birth weight.Together this leads to ________ for babies of average birth weight.

If you were going to apply the principles of Darwin to business,you would allow employees to submit a wide range of ideas and then test many,keeping the winners because in evolution,natural selection

Evolution must include a change in

You observe that red sea turtles have become more common over time in a previously all-green population.You attribute the change to a selective advantage for the red phenotype,leading to a change in allele frequency.

In 1809,________,a French taxonomist,suggested that organisms that use one part of their body repeatedly would increase their abilities.

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation,p + q = 1,p and q represent the frequency of alleles in a population of diploid organisms if

In 1749,________,a French naturalist,became one of the first scientists to suggest that closely related species arose from a common ancestor.

Ancestors of giraffes with shorter necks could not reach branches high up in trees for food.This led to ________ for giraffes with longer necks.

The frequency of the sickle cell allele is kept up by the heterozygote advantage under natural selection.

If an environment changes rapidly,organisms with ________ will be more likely to survive and reproduce.

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation,p² + 2pq + q² = 1,2pq represents the frequency of

Sexually dimorphic features do not include

The geologist who suggested that natural processes are slow and steady and that the Earth is much older than 6,000 years was

The North American bison was hunted to near-extinction in the 1800s.It has since recovered,but with decreased genetic diversity.This is an example of

At Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium,allele frequencies

The observable properties of genes is an organism's

The Scientific Study of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cells

The Energy of Life

Photosynthesis

Respiration and Fermentation

DNA Structure and Gene Function

DNA Replication,Binary Fission,and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Technology

Evidence of Evolution

Speciation and Extinction

Evolution and Diversity of Microbial Life

Evolution and Diversity of Plants

Evolution and Diversity of Animals

Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

Preserving Biodiversity

Plant Form and Function

Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

The Nervous System and the Senses

The Endocrine System

The Skeletal and Muscular Systems

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The Digestive and Urinary Systems

The Immune System

Animal Reproduction and Development

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