Question 1

Organic molecules are defined as chemical compounds that contain

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrophilic solutions. 
B)  isotopes of carbon. 
C)  ionically bonded atoms. 
D)  strong hydrogen bonds. 
E)  carbon and hydrogen. 
A)  hydrophilic solutions. 
B)  isotopes of carbon. 
C)  ionically bonded atoms. 
D)  strong hydrogen bonds. 
E)  carbon and hydrogen.

Question 2

If a carbohydrate polymer contains only two monomer units,such as sucrose made from glucose and fructose,it is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  disaccharide. 
B)  polysaccharide. 
C)  monosaccharide. 
D)  oligosaccharide. 
E)  complex carbohydrate. 
A)  disaccharide. 
B)  polysaccharide. 
C)  monosaccharide. 
D)  oligosaccharide. 
E)  complex carbohydrate.

Question 3

If you were told to sort cards into boxes after a lab on elements,you would put into a slot labelled "Mass Number" any card with text that included the total number of

Accepted Answer

A)  protons, neutrons, and electrons of an atom. 
B)  protons and electrons of an atom. 
C)  protons and neutrons of an atom. 
D)  neutrons and electrons of an atom. 
E)  protons of an atom. 
A)  protons, neutrons, and electrons of an atom. 
B)  protons and electrons of an atom. 
C)  protons and neutrons of an atom. 
D)  neutrons and electrons of an atom. 
E)  protons of an atom.

Question 4

The atomic number of an atom or element is the number of

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrons in the nucleus. 
B)  electrons in the nucleus. 
C)  protons in the nucleus. 
D)  neutrons in the orbitals. 
E)  protons in the orbitals. 
A)  neutrons in the nucleus. 
B)  electrons in the nucleus. 
C)  protons in the nucleus. 
D)  neutrons in the orbitals. 
E)  protons in the orbitals.

Question 5

A substance with a pH of 7 is

Accepted Answer

A)  a weak acid. 
B)  a weak base. 
C)  neutral. 
D)  a strong acid. 
E)  a strong base. 
A)  a weak acid. 
B)  a weak base. 
C)  neutral. 
D)  a strong acid. 
E)  a strong base.

Question 6

Scientists use carbon dating to determine the age of fossils. 14C is a rare isotope of carbon that has a half life of 5730 years and decays into 14N. By measuring the amount of 14C remaining in a fossil, scientists can estimate when the organism died to within 60,000 years. The atomic numbers of C is 6 and of N is 7.
-¹⁴C and ¹⁴N have the same

Accepted Answer

A)  atomic number. 
B)  number of protons. 
C)  mass number. 
D)  number of neutrons. 
E)  number of electrons. 
A)  atomic number. 
B)  number of protons. 
C)  mass number. 
D)  number of neutrons. 
E)  number of electrons.

Question 7

In a covalent bond

Accepted Answer

A)  atoms share electrons. 
B)  atoms of opposite charges attract each other. 
C)  atoms share protons. 
D)  atoms share neutrons. 
E)  atoms are repelled by each other. 
A)  atoms share electrons. 
B)  atoms of opposite charges attract each other. 
C)  atoms share protons. 
D)  atoms share neutrons. 
E)  atoms are repelled by each other.

Question 8

As part of a lab practical,you need to attach labels about chemical models.For the bond between amino acids,you would add a label describing that it is

Accepted Answer

A)  an ionic bond in proteins. 
B)  a covalent bond in carbohydrates. 
C)  a covalent bond in proteins. 
D)  an ionic bond in carbohydrates. 
E)  a hydrogen bond in nucleic acids. 
A)  an ionic bond in proteins. 
B)  a covalent bond in carbohydrates. 
C)  a covalent bond in proteins. 
D)  an ionic bond in carbohydrates. 
E)  a hydrogen bond in nucleic acids.

Question 9

Water is best described as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  an ion 
B)  a nonpolar molecule 
C)  an atom 
D)  a polar molecule 
E)  an element 
A)  an ion 
B)  a nonpolar molecule 
C)  an atom 
D)  a polar molecule 
E)  an element

Question 10

Isotopes of the same element are different from one another in that

Accepted Answer

A)  they have a different number of protons. 
B)  they have a different number of neutrons. 
C)  they have a different number of electrons. 
D)  they are a different element. 
E)  only one of the isotopes is matter. 
A)  they have a different number of protons. 
B)  they have a different number of neutrons. 
C)  they have a different number of electrons. 
D)  they are a different element. 
E)  only one of the isotopes is matter.

Question 11

Blood is closely maintained at a pH of 7.4.A patient whose blood pH drops below 7.35 is suffering from metabolic acidosis and can go into a coma.What happens to the concentration of H⁺ ions in a patient with a blood pH of 6.4?

Accepted Answer

A)  H⁺ concentration is decreased 10-fold. 
B)  H⁺ concentration is decreased 2-fold. 
C)  H⁺ concentration is increased 2-fold. 
D)  H⁺ concentration is decreased 4-fold. 
E)  H⁺ concentration is increased 10-fold. 
A)  H⁺ concentration is decreased 10-fold. 
B)  H⁺ concentration is decreased 2-fold. 
C)  H⁺ concentration is increased 2-fold. 
D)  H⁺ concentration is decreased 4-fold. 
E)  H⁺ concentration is increased 10-fold.

Question 12

Evaporation is

Accepted Answer

A)  the conversion of a liquid into a vapor. 
B)  the conversion of a solid into a vapor. 
C)  the conversion of a vapor into a liquid. 
D)  the conversion of a vapor into a solid. 
E)  All answers are correct. 
A)  the conversion of a liquid into a vapor. 
B)  the conversion of a solid into a vapor. 
C)  the conversion of a vapor into a liquid. 
D)  the conversion of a vapor into a solid. 
E)  All answers are correct.

Question 13

You encounter a new compound that is bright purple and smells of violets.It sticks to surfaces in a way similar to water and can replace water in the running of living cells.You might expect that this new molecule will make

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent bonds. 
B)  ionic bonds. 
C)  hydrogen bonds. 
D)  hydrophobic bonds. 
E)  peptide bonds. 
A)  covalent bonds. 
B)  ionic bonds. 
C)  hydrogen bonds. 
D)  hydrophobic bonds. 
E)  peptide bonds.

Question 14

An acid

Accepted Answer

A)  has a value above 7 on the pH scale. 
B)  is a chemical that takes hydrogen ions from a solution. 
C)  has a value of 7 on the pH scale. 
D)  is a chemical that adds hydrogen ions to a solution. 
E)  All answers are correct. 
A)  has a value above 7 on the pH scale. 
B)  is a chemical that takes hydrogen ions from a solution. 
C)  has a value of 7 on the pH scale. 
D)  is a chemical that adds hydrogen ions to a solution. 
E)  All answers are correct.

Question 15

What do a lemon,a toaster oven,and sand grains have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  All are composed of matter and energy. 
B)  All are alive. 
C)  All are composed of organic molecules. 
D)  All are acidic. 
E)  All are basic. 
A)  All are composed of matter and energy. 
B)  All are alive. 
C)  All are composed of organic molecules. 
D)  All are acidic. 
E)  All are basic.

Question 16

Within a single molecule of water,________ bonds form between oxygen and hydrogen.

Accepted Answer

A)  ionic 
B)  covalent 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  hydrophobic 
E)  nuclear 
A)  ionic 
B)  covalent 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  hydrophobic 
E)  nuclear

Question 17

Scientists use carbon dating to determine the age of fossils. 14C is a rare isotope of carbon that has a half life of 5730 years and decays into 14N. By measuring the amount of 14C remaining in a fossil, scientists can estimate when the organism died to within 60,000 years. The atomic numbers of C is 6 and of N is 7.
-The most common isotope of carbon is ¹²C.¹⁴C has ____ than ¹²C.

Accepted Answer

A)  more protons 
B)  more neutrons 
C)  fewer neutrons 
D)  fewer protons 
E)  more electrons 
A)  more protons 
B)  more neutrons 
C)  fewer neutrons 
D)  fewer protons 
E)  more electrons

Question 18

Hydrogen,nitrogen,carbon,and oxygen account for 96% of the human body.These elements are

Accepted Answer

A)  also the main elements in organic molecules. 
B)  rare in nonhuman organisms. 
C)  rare on Earth. 
D)  always bonded by hydrogen bonds. 
E)  All answers are correct. 
A)  also the main elements in organic molecules. 
B)  rare in nonhuman organisms. 
C)  rare on Earth. 
D)  always bonded by hydrogen bonds. 
E)  All answers are correct.

Question 19

Which statement about a bond between sodium and chlorine is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na is the chemical symbol for sodium. 
B)  Chlorine donates an electron. 
C)  Chlorine becomes negatively charged. 
D)  Sodium becomes positively charged. 
E)  The bond that is formed is a strong bond. 
A)  Na is the chemical symbol for sodium. 
B)  Chlorine donates an electron. 
C)  Chlorine becomes negatively charged. 
D)  Sodium becomes positively charged. 
E)  The bond that is formed is a strong bond.

Question 20

For most atoms,the outermost electron shell would be full if it contained

Accepted Answer

A)  one electron. 
B)  four electrons. 
C)  eight electrons. 
D)  sixteen electrons. 
A)  one electron. 
B)  four electrons. 
C)  eight electrons. 
D)  sixteen electrons.

Exam 2: The Chemistry of Life

Organic molecules are defined as chemical compounds that contain

If a carbohydrate polymer contains only two monomer units,such as sucrose made from glucose and fructose,it is called a(n)

If you were told to sort cards into boxes after a lab on elements,you would put into a slot labelled "Mass Number" any card with text that included the total number of

The atomic number of an atom or element is the number of

A substance with a pH of 7 is

In a covalent bond

As part of a lab practical,you need to attach labels about chemical models.For the bond between amino acids,you would add a label describing that it is

Water is best described as which of the following?

Isotopes of the same element are different from one another in that

Blood is closely maintained at a pH of 7.4.A patient whose blood pH drops below 7.35 is suffering from metabolic acidosis and can go into a coma.What happens to the concentration of H⁺ ions in a patient with a blood pH of 6.4?

Evaporation is

You encounter a new compound that is bright purple and smells of violets.It sticks to surfaces in a way similar to water and can replace water in the running of living cells.You might expect that this new molecule will make

An acid

What do a lemon,a toaster oven,and sand grains have in common?

Within a single molecule of water,________ bonds form between oxygen and hydrogen.

Hydrogen,nitrogen,carbon,and oxygen account for 96% of the human body.These elements are

Which statement about a bond between sodium and chlorine is incorrect?

For most atoms,the outermost electron shell would be full if it contained

The Scientific Study of Life

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DNA Structure and Gene Function

DNA Replication,Binary Fission,and Mitosis

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Evidence of Evolution

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Evolution and Diversity of Plants

Evolution and Diversity of Animals

Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

Preserving Biodiversity

Plant Form and Function

Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

The Nervous System and the Senses

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The Skeletal and Muscular Systems

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