Question 1

What type of behavioral change would you expect from a drug that is an antagonist for an inhibitory neurochemical like GABA.

Accepted Answer

GABA antagonists would inhibit

Question 2

Parkinson's disease typically results from degeneration of brain systems using the neurochemical

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine. 
B)  norepinephrine. 
C)  epinephrine. 
D)  serotonin. 
A)  dopamine. 
B)  norepinephrine. 
C)  epinephrine. 
D)  serotonin.

Question 3

Which of the following neurochemicals is not a catecholamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  dopamine 
D)  norepinephrine 
A)  serotonin 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  dopamine 
D)  norepinephrine

Question 4

The major inhibitory neurochemical of the CNS is

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamate. 
B)  GABA. 
C)  serotonin. 
D)  ACh. 
A)  glutamate. 
B)  GABA. 
C)  serotonin. 
D)  ACh.

Question 5

Marcia was born with an abnormality in her adrenal glands that results in the production of excess catecholamines. Which of the following medications might be most useful for treating her condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no possible way to treat Marcia's condition. 
B)  amphetamine, because it is a potent catecholamine reuptake inhibitor 
C)  Botox, because it will prevent the release of catecholamines 
D)  AMPT, because it interferes with the production of catecholamines 
A)  There is no possible way to treat Marcia's condition. 
B)  amphetamine, because it is a potent catecholamine reuptake inhibitor 
C)  Botox, because it will prevent the release of catecholamines 
D)  AMPT, because it interferes with the production of catecholamines

Question 6

Memory problems associated with alcohol may result from its activity at _________ receptors.

Accepted Answer

A)  GABAA 
B)  NMDA glutamate 
C)  opiate 
D)  dopamine 
A)  GABAA 
B)  NMDA glutamate 
C)  opiate 
D)  dopamine

Question 7

Glutamate can be toxic to neurons because

Accepted Answer

A)  NMDA receptors allow calcium into a cell, and excess calcium can stimulate harmful levels of enzyme activity. 
B)  NMDA receptors block the movement of calcium into a cell, preventing the release of other neurochemicals. 
C)  it blocks receptors for other types of neurochemicals, preventing effective communication between cells. 
D)  its breakdown in the synaptic gap produces harmful free radicals. 
A)  NMDA receptors allow calcium into a cell, and excess calcium can stimulate harmful levels of enzyme activity. 
B)  NMDA receptors block the movement of calcium into a cell, preventing the release of other neurochemicals. 
C)  it blocks receptors for other types of neurochemicals, preventing effective communication between cells. 
D)  its breakdown in the synaptic gap produces harmful free radicals.

Question 8

Your friend Sheena is visiting your home when she complains of a headache. You gave her a bottle that you thought had pain reliever, but it was your multivitamin container. She took one and an hour later thanked you that it worked and she is much better. Sheena

Accepted Answer

A)  is mistaken about the labeling of the bottle. 
B)  is experiencing a placebo effect. 
C)  likely never had a headache. 
D)  still has a headache and misinformed you. 
A)  is mistaken about the labeling of the bottle. 
B)  is experiencing a placebo effect. 
C)  likely never had a headache. 
D)  still has a headache and misinformed you.

Question 9

While an agonist mimics the effect of the endogenous neurochemical, an antagonist can either mimic or block the normal neurochemical's effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Tyrosine serves as a substrate or building block for the synthesis of which of the following neurochemicals?

Accepted Answer

A)  ACh 
B)  indoleamines 
C)  histamines 
D)  catecholamines 
A)  ACh 
B)  indoleamines 
C)  histamines 
D)  catecholamines

Question 11

An avid coffee drinker, Malisha starts each day with a double espresso. One morning she awoke late and rushed out. By noon, she began having caffeine withdrawal symptoms of _____

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiac arrhythmias. 
B)  severe headaches. 
C)  muscle tremors. 
D)  lack of sleep. 
A)  cardiac arrhythmias. 
B)  severe headaches. 
C)  muscle tremors. 
D)  lack of sleep.

Question 12

Cindy abuses barbiturates and she continually increases her doses. What is the likely outcome of this practice for Cindy's health?

Accepted Answer

A)  She is not at risk of overdose, because her body continually increases its tolerance to match her intake. 
B)  She is very likely to overdose, because some barbiturate effects show tolerance while others do not. 
C)  She is not at risk of overdose, because barbiturates do not have life-threatening effects, even at high doses. 
D)  She is very likely to overdose, because barbiturates do not produce tolerance. 
A)  She is not at risk of overdose, because her body continually increases its tolerance to match her intake. 
B)  She is very likely to overdose, because some barbiturate effects show tolerance while others do not. 
C)  She is not at risk of overdose, because barbiturates do not have life-threatening effects, even at high doses. 
D)  She is very likely to overdose, because barbiturates do not produce tolerance.

Question 13

ACh released into the synaptic gap is deactivated primarily by

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion away from the synapse. 
B)  absorption by astrocytes. 
C)  reuptake. 
D)  enzymes. 
A)  diffusion away from the synapse. 
B)  absorption by astrocytes. 
C)  reuptake. 
D)  enzymes.

Question 14

Eating carbohydrates before bed may promote sleep, because carbohydrates raise brain levels of tryptophan, which

Accepted Answer

A)  is a serotonergic antagonist. 
B)  is the precursor for the synthesis of serotonin. 
C)  is a form of serotonin. 
D)  prevents the reuptake of serotonin. 
A)  is a serotonergic antagonist. 
B)  is the precursor for the synthesis of serotonin. 
C)  is a form of serotonin. 
D)  prevents the reuptake of serotonin.

Question 15

Organophosphates are potent insecticides and nerve agents. What about their method of action makes them drugs of choice for both of these functions?

Accepted Answer

Organophosphates act on acetylcholineste

Question 16

The negative impact of THC on memory may be due to its effect on the

Accepted Answer

A)  hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  amygdala. 
D)  thalamus. 
A)  hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  amygdala. 
D)  thalamus.

Question 17

The mesostriatal pathway, also known as the nigrostriatal pathway, uses the neurochemical

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine and is important in movement. 
B)  dopamine and is important in the development of Parkinson's disease. 
C)  norepinephrine and is important in vigilance. 
D)  serotonin and is important in mood. 
A)  dopamine and is important in movement. 
B)  dopamine and is important in the development of Parkinson's disease. 
C)  norepinephrine and is important in vigilance. 
D)  serotonin and is important in mood.

Question 18

Gasotransmitters, like NO, are synthesized in a neuron and can work in a retrograde fashion (acting on the presynaptic cell). How can NO travel to a presynaptic neuron when there are no specialized vesicles for it, and what keeps NO from traveling further from the releasing neuron?

Accepted Answer

Variations on gases can cross

Question 19

Tryptophan is the precursor for synthesis of this neurochemical

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin. 
B)  dopamine. 
C)  norepinephrine. 
D)  epinephrine. 
A)  serotonin. 
B)  dopamine. 
C)  norepinephrine. 
D)  epinephrine.

Question 20

Among the criteria for determining whether a substance acts as a neurochemical is the rule that a real neurochemical is not released in response to an action potential.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What type of behavioral change would you expect from a drug that is an antagonist for an inhibitory neurochemical like GABA.

Parkinson's disease typically results from degeneration of brain systems using the neurochemical

Which of the following neurochemicals is not a catecholamine?

The major inhibitory neurochemical of the CNS is

Marcia was born with an abnormality in her adrenal glands that results in the production of excess catecholamines. Which of the following medications might be most useful for treating her condition?

Memory problems associated with alcohol may result from its activity at _________ receptors.

Glutamate can be toxic to neurons because

Your friend Sheena is visiting your home when she complains of a headache. You gave her a bottle that you thought had pain reliever, but it was your multivitamin container. She took one and an hour later thanked you that it worked and she is much better. Sheena

While an agonist mimics the effect of the endogenous neurochemical, an antagonist can either mimic or block the normal neurochemical's effect.

Tyrosine serves as a substrate or building block for the synthesis of which of the following neurochemicals?

An avid coffee drinker, Malisha starts each day with a double espresso. One morning she awoke late and rushed out. By noon, she began having caffeine withdrawal symptoms of _____

Cindy abuses barbiturates and she continually increases her doses. What is the likely outcome of this practice for Cindy's health?

ACh released into the synaptic gap is deactivated primarily by

Eating carbohydrates before bed may promote sleep, because carbohydrates raise brain levels of tryptophan, which

Organophosphates are potent insecticides and nerve agents. What about their method of action makes them drugs of choice for both of these functions?

The negative impact of THC on memory may be due to its effect on the

The mesostriatal pathway, also known as the nigrostriatal pathway, uses the neurochemical

Gasotransmitters, like NO, are synthesized in a neuron and can work in a retrograde fashion (acting on the presynaptic cell). How can NO travel to a presynaptic neuron when there are no specialized vesicles for it, and what keeps NO from traveling further from the releasing neuron?

Tryptophan is the precursor for synthesis of this neurochemical

Among the criteria for determining whether a substance acts as a neurochemical is the rule that a real neurochemical is not released in response to an action potential.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

Exam 4: Psychopharmacology

What type of behavioral change would you expect from a drug that is an antagonist for an inhibitory neurochemical like GABA.

Parkinson's disease typically results from degeneration of brain systems using the neurochemical

Which of the following neurochemicals is not a catecholamine?

The major inhibitory neurochemical of the CNS is

Marcia was born with an abnormality in her adrenal glands that results in the production of excess catecholamines. Which of the following medications might be most useful for treating her condition?

Memory problems associated with alcohol may result from its activity at _________ receptors.

Glutamate can be toxic to neurons because

Your friend Sheena is visiting your home when she complains of a headache. You gave her a bottle that you thought had pain reliever, but it was your multivitamin container. She took one and an hour later thanked you that it worked and she is much better. Sheena

While an agonist mimics the effect of the endogenous neurochemical, an antagonist can either mimic or block the normal neurochemical's effect.

Tyrosine serves as a substrate or building block for the synthesis of which of the following neurochemicals?

An avid coffee drinker, Malisha starts each day with a double espresso. One morning she awoke late and rushed out. By noon, she began having caffeine withdrawal symptoms of _____

Cindy abuses barbiturates and she continually increases her doses. What is the likely outcome of this practice for Cindy's health?

ACh released into the synaptic gap is deactivated primarily by

Eating carbohydrates before bed may promote sleep, because carbohydrates raise brain levels of tryptophan, which

Organophosphates are potent insecticides and nerve agents. What about their method of action makes them drugs of choice for both of these functions?

The negative impact of THC on memory may be due to its effect on the

The mesostriatal pathway, also known as the nigrostriatal pathway, uses the neurochemical

Gasotransmitters, like NO, are synthesized in a neuron and can work in a retrograde fashion (acting on the presynaptic cell). How can NO travel to a presynaptic neuron when there are no specialized vesicles for it, and what keeps NO from traveling further from the releasing neuron?

Tryptophan is the precursor for synthesis of this neurochemical

Among the criteria for determining whether a substance acts as a neurochemical is the rule that a real neurochemical is not released in response to an action potential.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters