Question 1

The category of pesticides and biological weapons that are organophosphates exert their toxic effect at ACh synapses. Organophosphates are

Accepted Answer

A)  agonists that promote ACh production. 
B)  antagonists that block ACh release. 
C)  agonists that interfere with AChE. 
D)  antagonists that block ACh receptors. 
A)  agonists that promote ACh production. 
B)  antagonists that block ACh release. 
C)  agonists that interfere with AChE. 
D)  antagonists that block ACh receptors.

Question 2

If a newly developed drug activated receptors for a neurochemical, the drug would be considered a(n) _________ for that neurochemical.

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonist 
B)  prototype 
C)  agonist 
D)  blocker 
A)  antagonist 
B)  prototype 
C)  agonist 
D)  blocker

Question 3

The alertness associated with nicotine use probably arises from nicotine's ability to

Accepted Answer

A)  activate the cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain. 
B)  stimulate muscles. 
C)  influence the autonomic nervous system. 
D)  stimulate the nucleus accumbens. 
A)  activate the cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain. 
B)  stimulate muscles. 
C)  influence the autonomic nervous system. 
D)  stimulate the nucleus accumbens.

Question 4

Benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and alcohol have binding sites on the _________ receptor.

Accepted Answer

A)  cholinergic 
B)  glutamate 
C)  dopaminergic 
D)  GABAA 
A)  cholinergic 
B)  glutamate 
C)  dopaminergic 
D)  GABAA

Question 5

Perceived benefits from the administration of an inactive substance are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  tolerance. 
B)  withdrawal. 
C)  addiction. 
D)  placebo effects. 
A)  tolerance. 
B)  withdrawal. 
C)  addiction. 
D)  placebo effects.

Question 6

Amphetamine and cocaine

Accepted Answer

A)  activate dopamine receptors. 
B)  inhibit dopamine reuptake. 
C)  activate serotonin receptors. 
D)  inhibit serotonin reuptake. 
A)  activate dopamine receptors. 
B)  inhibit dopamine reuptake. 
C)  activate serotonin receptors. 
D)  inhibit serotonin reuptake.

Question 7

Which of the following is the true statement about gaseous neurochemicals?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are contained in synaptic vesicles. 
B)  They may transfer information from a postsynaptic neuron to a presynaptic neuron. 
C)  They interact with receptors embedded in neural membranes. 
D)  They are deactivated by enzymes in the synaptic gap. 
A)  They are contained in synaptic vesicles. 
B)  They may transfer information from a postsynaptic neuron to a presynaptic neuron. 
C)  They interact with receptors embedded in neural membranes. 
D)  They are deactivated by enzymes in the synaptic gap.

Question 8

Professor Murthy is studying neurons that release a particular small-molecule neurotransmitter. In many of these neurons, the professor should expect to see

Accepted Answer

A)  no other types of neurotransmitters. 
B)  a second type of small-molecule neurotransmitter. 
C)  at least one type of neuropeptide neurotransmitter. 
D)  at least one other type of small-molecule neurotransmitter and multiple types of neuropeptides neurotransmitters. 
A)  no other types of neurotransmitters. 
B)  a second type of small-molecule neurotransmitter. 
C)  at least one type of neuropeptide neurotransmitter. 
D)  at least one other type of small-molecule neurotransmitter and multiple types of neuropeptides neurotransmitters.

Question 9

Zoloft® is a drug that inhibits the reuptake of serotonin. This action makes this drug a(n) _________ for serotonin.

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonist 
B)  modulator 
C)  agonist 
D)  mimic 
A)  antagonist 
B)  modulator 
C)  agonist 
D)  mimic

Question 10

John participates in a drinking game at a friend's weekend party and after a while finds himself vomiting uncontrollably. Which of the following statements is the best description of John's situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is nothing to worry about. Everybody vomits when they drink alcohol at parties. 
B)  John's blood-brain barrier must be malfunctioning, as this normally would prevent the initiation of vomiting. 
C)  John has ingested a dangerous amount of alcohol, and his area postrema has initiated vomiting in order to remove remaining alcohol from his stomach. 
D)  John must have ingested other drugs in addition to alcohol, because alcohol alone will not initiate vomiting. 
A)  There is nothing to worry about. Everybody vomits when they drink alcohol at parties. 
B)  John's blood-brain barrier must be malfunctioning, as this normally would prevent the initiation of vomiting. 
C)  John has ingested a dangerous amount of alcohol, and his area postrema has initiated vomiting in order to remove remaining alcohol from his stomach. 
D)  John must have ingested other drugs in addition to alcohol, because alcohol alone will not initiate vomiting.

Question 11

Opioids, like Oxycontin, are highly addictive. Someone taking such an opioid will develop tolerance for it and increase the dosage. Recall that opioids have multiple effects with different efficacies and explain why development of tolerance can result in a life-threatening situation.

Accepted Answer

Opioids have two effects, analgesic at l

Question 12

Rita is going through withdrawal from a drug and is showing symptoms of lethargy. The drug Rita was using is most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol. 
B)  amphetamine. 
C)  LSD. 
D)  marijuana. 
A)  alcohol. 
B)  amphetamine. 
C)  LSD. 
D)  marijuana.

Question 13

Which of the following neurochemicals is a monoamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamate 
B)  GABA 
C)  ACh 
D)  norepinephrine 
A)  glutamate 
B)  GABA 
C)  ACh 
D)  norepinephrine

Question 14

The chemical messengers released by neurons that diffuse beyond the synapse to have their effect on surrounding neurons are called

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitters. 
B)  neuromodulators. 
C)  neurohormones. 
D)  neuroenzymes. 
A)  neurotransmitters. 
B)  neuromodulators. 
C)  neurohormones. 
D)  neuroenzymes.

Question 15

Neurons releasing ACh are found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  preganglionic and postganglionic synapses of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. 
B)  preganglionic synapses of the sympathetic nervous system and both the preganglionic and postganglionic synapses of the parasympathetic nervous system. 
C)  preganglionic synapses of the parasympathetic nervous system and both the preganglionic and postganglionic synapses of the sympathetic nervous system. 
D)  postganglionic synapses of the sympathetic nervous system and the preganglionic synapses of the parasympathetic nervous system. 
A)  preganglionic and postganglionic synapses of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. 
B)  preganglionic synapses of the sympathetic nervous system and both the preganglionic and postganglionic synapses of the parasympathetic nervous system. 
C)  preganglionic synapses of the parasympathetic nervous system and both the preganglionic and postganglionic synapses of the sympathetic nervous system. 
D)  postganglionic synapses of the sympathetic nervous system and the preganglionic synapses of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 16

Which of the following neurochemicals is an indoleamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  serotonin 
D)  dopamine 
A)  epinephrine 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  serotonin 
D)  dopamine

Question 17

Once released into the synapse, monoamines are deactivated in the synapse by

Accepted Answer

A)  reuptake. 
B)  diffusion. 
C)  enzymes. 
D)  enzymes and reuptake. 
A)  reuptake. 
B)  diffusion. 
C)  enzymes. 
D)  enzymes and reuptake.

Question 18

With repeated use of a drug, more of the drug is necessary to achieve the same effects. This demonstrates the development of

Accepted Answer

A)  tolerance. 
B)  withdrawal. 
C)  sensitization. 
D)  cross-tolerance. 
A)  tolerance. 
B)  withdrawal. 
C)  sensitization. 
D)  cross-tolerance.

Question 19

?(See figure 4.18) In the process illustrated in this figure, which drugs act as antagonists?

Accepted Answer

A)  additional l-dopa, amphetamine, cocaine, and methylphenidate 
B)  reserpine and most traditional medications used to treat schizophrenia 
C)  cocaine, amphetamine, and methylphenidate 
D)  apomorphine and most traditional medications used to treat schizophrenia 
A)  additional l-dopa, amphetamine, cocaine, and methylphenidate 
B)  reserpine and most traditional medications used to treat schizophrenia 
C)  cocaine, amphetamine, and methylphenidate 
D)  apomorphine and most traditional medications used to treat schizophrenia

Question 20

Which of the following neurochemicals is a byproduct of the energy molecule ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycine 
B)  GABA 
C)  glutamate 
D)  adenosine 
A)  glycine 
B)  GABA 
C)  glutamate 
D)  adenosine

The category of pesticides and biological weapons that are organophosphates exert their toxic effect at ACh synapses. Organophosphates are

If a newly developed drug activated receptors for a neurochemical, the drug would be considered a(n) _________ for that neurochemical.

The alertness associated with nicotine use probably arises from nicotine's ability to

Benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and alcohol have binding sites on the _________ receptor.

Perceived benefits from the administration of an inactive substance are referred to as

Amphetamine and cocaine

Which of the following is the true statement about gaseous neurochemicals?

Professor Murthy is studying neurons that release a particular small-molecule neurotransmitter. In many of these neurons, the professor should expect to see

Zoloft® is a drug that inhibits the reuptake of serotonin. This action makes this drug a(n) _________ for serotonin.

John participates in a drinking game at a friend's weekend party and after a while finds himself vomiting uncontrollably. Which of the following statements is the best description of John's situation?

Opioids, like Oxycontin, are highly addictive. Someone taking such an opioid will develop tolerance for it and increase the dosage. Recall that opioids have multiple effects with different efficacies and explain why development of tolerance can result in a life-threatening situation.

Rita is going through withdrawal from a drug and is showing symptoms of lethargy. The drug Rita was using is most likely

Which of the following neurochemicals is a monoamine?

The chemical messengers released by neurons that diffuse beyond the synapse to have their effect on surrounding neurons are called

Neurons releasing ACh are found in the

Which of the following neurochemicals is an indoleamine?

Once released into the synapse, monoamines are deactivated in the synapse by

With repeated use of a drug, more of the drug is necessary to achieve the same effects. This demonstrates the development of

?(See figure 4.18) In the process illustrated in this figure, which drugs act as antagonists?

Which of the following neurochemicals is a byproduct of the energy molecule ATP?

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

Exam 4: Psychopharmacology

The category of pesticides and biological weapons that are organophosphates exert their toxic effect at ACh synapses. Organophosphates are

If a newly developed drug activated receptors for a neurochemical, the drug would be considered a(n) _________ for that neurochemical.

The alertness associated with nicotine use probably arises from nicotine's ability to

Benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and alcohol have binding sites on the _________ receptor.

Perceived benefits from the administration of an inactive substance are referred to as

Amphetamine and cocaine

Which of the following is the true statement about gaseous neurochemicals?

Professor Murthy is studying neurons that release a particular small-molecule neurotransmitter. In many of these neurons, the professor should expect to see

Zoloft® is a drug that inhibits the reuptake of serotonin. This action makes this drug a(n) _________ for serotonin.

John participates in a drinking game at a friend's weekend party and after a while finds himself vomiting uncontrollably. Which of the following statements is the best description of John's situation?

Opioids, like Oxycontin, are highly addictive. Someone taking such an opioid will develop tolerance for it and increase the dosage. Recall that opioids have multiple effects with different efficacies and explain why development of tolerance can result in a life-threatening situation.

Rita is going through withdrawal from a drug and is showing symptoms of lethargy. The drug Rita was using is most likely

Which of the following neurochemicals is a monoamine?

The chemical messengers released by neurons that diffuse beyond the synapse to have their effect on surrounding neurons are called

Neurons releasing ACh are found in the

Which of the following neurochemicals is an indoleamine?

Once released into the synapse, monoamines are deactivated in the synapse by

With repeated use of a drug, more of the drug is necessary to achieve the same effects. This demonstrates the development of

?(See figure 4.18) In the process illustrated in this figure, which drugs act as antagonists?

Which of the following neurochemicals is a byproduct of the energy molecule ATP?

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters