Question 1

Undernourished people are more prone to infections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The stress hormone cortisol suppresses appetite.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

The condition of extreme energy deficit,causing tissue wasting,is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  pellagra. 
B)  kwashiorkor. 
C)  severe acute malnutrition (SAM). 
D)  malnutrition. 
A)  pellagra. 
B)  kwashiorkor. 
C)  severe acute malnutrition (SAM). 
D)  malnutrition. C

Question 4

Areas or regions where people lack access to fresh,healthful,and affordable food are called

Accepted Answer

A)  food oases. 
B)  food deserts. 
C)  deprivation zones. 
D)  obesity zones. 
A)  food oases. 
B)  food deserts. 
C)  deprivation zones. 
D)  obesity zones.

Question 5

Some research suggests that obesity is more common among low-income populations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Between 1980 and 2014,the worldwide prevalence of obesity

Accepted Answer

A)  stayed about the same. 
B)  increased by about 50%. 
C)  more than doubled. 
D)  more than tripled. 
A)  stayed about the same. 
B)  increased by about 50%. 
C)  more than doubled. 
D)  more than tripled.

Question 7

A lower-than-expected body weight for height is known as stunted growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

All of the following factors are theorized to contribute to the poverty-obesity paradox EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  the increased tendency of low-income people to purchase inexpensive, energy-dense foods that have a longer shelf life. 
B)  the increased tendency of low-income people to spend too much money on relatively expensive sources of protein, such as meats, poultry, and fish. 
C)  the increased tendency of low-income people to live in regions that are not served by markets selling fresh, affordable food. 
D)  the increased level of stress experienced by low-income people, which results in the frequent release of hormones that slow metabolism and increase appetite, and may deplete their ability to make thoughtful choices about foods. 
A)  the increased tendency of low-income people to purchase inexpensive, energy-dense foods that have a longer shelf life. 
B)  the increased tendency of low-income people to spend too much money on relatively expensive sources of protein, such as meats, poultry, and fish. 
C)  the increased tendency of low-income people to live in regions that are not served by markets selling fresh, affordable food. 
D)  the increased level of stress experienced by low-income people, which results in the frequent release of hormones that slow metabolism and increase appetite, and may deplete their ability to make thoughtful choices about foods.

Question 9

Zinc deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Studies following children over time have found that a reduction in family income in early childhood

Accepted Answer

A)  increases the child's risk for undernourishment. 
B)  increases the likelihood that an overweight or obese child will lose weight. 
C)  increases the child's risk for overweight and obesity. 
D)  decreases the child's risk for overweight and obesity. 
A)  increases the child's risk for undernourishment. 
B)  increases the likelihood that an overweight or obese child will lose weight. 
C)  increases the child's risk for overweight and obesity. 
D)  decreases the child's risk for overweight and obesity.

Question 11

Which of the following factors BEST characterize a transitioning region in which the nutrition paradox is common?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased availability of and preference for foods high in added sugars 
B)  decreased reliance on carbohydrates combined with increased reliance on protein 
C)  increased physical activity combined with decreased availability of staple foods 
D)  decreased physical activity combined with increased intake of energy-dense food 
A)  increased availability of and preference for foods high in added sugars 
B)  decreased reliance on carbohydrates combined with increased reliance on protein 
C)  increased physical activity combined with decreased availability of staple foods 
D)  decreased physical activity combined with increased intake of energy-dense food

Question 12

The leading cause of blindness in children is

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin A deficiency. 
B)  vitamin C deficiency. 
C)  iodine deficiency. 
D)  iron deficiency. 
A)  vitamin A deficiency. 
B)  vitamin C deficiency. 
C)  iodine deficiency. 
D)  iron deficiency.

Question 13

The leading cause of preventable mental impairment worldwide is

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin A deficiency. 
B)  vitamin C deficiency. 
C)  iodine deficiency. 
D)  iron deficiency. 
A)  vitamin A deficiency. 
B)  vitamin C deficiency. 
C)  iodine deficiency. 
D)  iron deficiency.

Question 14

Undernourishment promotes socioeconomic problems primarily by decreasing work capacity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Iron deficiency is a significant cause of death in women during pregnancy,childbirth or the immediate postpartum period.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In numerous developing countries,the promotion of breastfeeding and family gardens and the distribution of what type of supplements has contributed to a nearly 23% reduction in childhood mortality?

Accepted Answer

A)  powdered infant formula 
B)  iron supplements 
C)  vitamin D supplements 
D)  vitamin A supplements 
A)  powdered infant formula 
B)  iron supplements 
C)  vitamin D supplements 
D)  vitamin A supplements

Question 17

About 90% of Americans who reside in food deserts are low income.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Deficiencies of folate,vitamin B₁₂,iodine,and essential fatty acids during fetal development can reduce cognitive functioning,but the effects are reversible with adequate nourishment during infancy and childhood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The premise that fetal undernourishment increases susceptibility later in life to obesity and chronic disease is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  the nutrition paradox. 
B)  the overnutrition dilemma. 
C)  the fetal origins of adult disease theory. 
D)  epigenetic programming. 
A)  the nutrition paradox. 
B)  the overnutrition dilemma. 
C)  the fetal origins of adult disease theory. 
D)  epigenetic programming.

Question 20

About what percentage of deaths of children from birth to age 5 are due to malnutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)  15% 
B)  25% 
C)  35% 
D)  45% 
A)  15% 
B)  25% 
C)  35% 
D)  45%

Exam 28: Malnutrition

Undernourished people are more prone to infections.

The stress hormone cortisol suppresses appetite.

The condition of extreme energy deficit,causing tissue wasting,is known as

Areas or regions where people lack access to fresh,healthful,and affordable food are called

Some research suggests that obesity is more common among low-income populations.

Between 1980 and 2014,the worldwide prevalence of obesity

A lower-than-expected body weight for height is known as stunted growth.

All of the following factors are theorized to contribute to the poverty-obesity paradox EXCEPT

Zinc deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world.

Studies following children over time have found that a reduction in family income in early childhood

Which of the following factors BEST characterize a transitioning region in which the nutrition paradox is common?

The leading cause of blindness in children is

The leading cause of preventable mental impairment worldwide is

Undernourishment promotes socioeconomic problems primarily by decreasing work capacity.

Iron deficiency is a significant cause of death in women during pregnancy,childbirth or the immediate postpartum period.

In numerous developing countries,the promotion of breastfeeding and family gardens and the distribution of what type of supplements has contributed to a nearly 23% reduction in childhood mortality?

About 90% of Americans who reside in food deserts are low income.

Deficiencies of folate,vitamin B₁₂,iodine,and essential fatty acids during fetal development can reduce cognitive functioning,but the effects are reversible with adequate nourishment during infancy and childhood.

The premise that fetal undernourishment increases susceptibility later in life to obesity and chronic disease is known as

About what percentage of deaths of children from birth to age 5 are due to malnutrition?

Nutrition: Linking Food and Health

Designing a Healthful Diet

The Human Body: Are We Really What We Eat

Carbohydrates: Plant-Derived Energy Nutrients

Fats: Essential Energy-Supplying Nutrients

Proteins: Crucial Components of All Body Tissues

Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Nutrients Essential to Key Body Functions

Nutrients Essential to Healthy Tissues

Achieving and Maintaining a Healthful Body Weight

Nutrition and Physical Activity: Keys to Good Health

Food Safety and Technology: Protecting Our Food

Food Equity,Sustainability,and Quality: The Challenge of Good Food

Nutrition Through the Lifecycle: Pregnancy and the First Year of Life

Nutrition Through the Lifecycle: Childhood to Late Adulthood

New Frontiers in Nutrition and Health

Healthful Eating Patterns

Disorders Related to Specific Foods

Diabetes

Cardiovascular Disease

Vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrients With Macro Powers

Alcohol

Cancer

Osteoporosis

Obesity

Disorders Related to Body Image, Eating, and Exercise

The Safety and Effectiveness of Dietary Supplements

The Fetal Environment

Searching for the Fountain of Youth

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