Question 1

Which of the following do sodium and potassium NOT have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rich sources of both include fresh fruits and vegetables. 
B)  Both participate in maintaining fluid balance. 
C)  Both are involved in nerve impulse transmission. 
D)  Dietary levels of both influence the risk for hypertension. 
A)  Rich sources of both include fresh fruits and vegetables. 
B)  Both participate in maintaining fluid balance. 
C)  Both are involved in nerve impulse transmission. 
D)  Dietary levels of both influence the risk for hypertension. A

Question 2

Describe four primary roles that water plays in the proper functioning of the body.

Accepted Answer

1. Hydration: Water is essential for maintaining proper hydration levels in the body. It helps to regulate body temperature, transport nutrients and oxygen to cells, and remove waste products.

2. Lubrication: Water acts as a lubricant for joints, tissues, and organs, helping to reduce friction and cushioning them from impact.

3. Digestion: Water is necessary for the digestion and absorption of food. It helps to break down food particles, aids in the movement of food through the digestive system, and supports the absorption of nutrients.

4. Electrolyte balance: Water plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of electrolytes in the body, such as sodium, potassium, and chloride. These electrolytes are essential for proper nerve and muscle function, as well as maintaining fluid balance within cells.

Question 3

Sodium is an essential nutrient necessary for human health.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Ions are capable of conducting electricity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Lean tissue contains a lower percentage of fluid compared with fat tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is the MOST effective method used in removing waterborne microorganisms from bottled water?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon filtration 
B)  ion exchange 
C)  reverse osmosis 
D)  deionization 
A)  carbon filtration 
B)  ion exchange 
C)  reverse osmosis 
D)  deionization

Question 7

The swelling of tissues associated with hypernatremia is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis. 
B)  edema. 
C)  depolarization. 
D)  repolarization. 
A)  osmosis. 
B)  edema. 
C)  depolarization. 
D)  repolarization.

Question 8

The majority of our body's phosphorus is stored in the

Accepted Answer

A)  kidneys. 
B)  bones. 
C)  blood. 
D)  liver. 
A)  kidneys. 
B)  bones. 
C)  blood. 
D)  liver.

Question 9

The water that comes from lakes,rivers,and reservoirs is characterized as what kind of water?

Accepted Answer

A)  surface 
B)  ground 
C)  spring 
D)  distilled 
A)  surface 
B)  ground 
C)  spring 
D)  distilled

Question 10

Most Americans exceed the dietary recommendations for sodium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following can contribute to dehydration?

Accepted Answer

A)  release of ADH from the pituitary gland 
B)  water reabsorption by the kidneys 
C)  the thirst mechanism 
D)  diarrhea 
A)  release of ADH from the pituitary gland 
B)  water reabsorption by the kidneys 
C)  the thirst mechanism 
D)  diarrhea

Question 12

Although chloride deficiency is rare,it is most likely to occur in a person experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  high blood sodium levels. 
B)  a peptic ulcer. 
C)  chronic vomiting. 
D)  constipation 
A)  high blood sodium levels. 
B)  a peptic ulcer. 
C)  chronic vomiting. 
D)  constipation

Question 13

Which of the following does NOT describe tissue fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid that flows between cells 
B)  interstitial fluid 
C)  fluid that is found in the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels 
D)  synovial fluid found within joints 
A)  fluid that flows between cells 
B)  interstitial fluid 
C)  fluid that is found in the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels 
D)  synovial fluid found within joints

Question 14

Which of the following substances is characterized by its ability to move freely and adapt to the shape of the vessel that contains it?

Accepted Answer

A)  an electrolyte 
B)  an ion 
C)  a fluid 
D)  a diuretic 
A)  an electrolyte 
B)  an ion 
C)  a fluid 
D)  a diuretic

Question 15

Extreme dehydration,vomiting,and diarrhea can result in hypokalemia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Water has a high heat capacity.What does this term mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water is relatively resistant to an increase in temperature. 
B)  Water heats up or cools down readily. 
C)  Water provides a useful source of stored kilocalories. 
D)  Water provides excellent insulation for the body. 
A)  Water is relatively resistant to an increase in temperature. 
B)  Water heats up or cools down readily. 
C)  Water provides a useful source of stored kilocalories. 
D)  Water provides excellent insulation for the body.

Question 17

Which of the following individuals is at greatest risk for hyperkalemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  a marathon runner 
B)  a newborn 
C)  an individual who eats only processed foods 
D)  an individual with kidney disease 
A)  a marathon runner 
B)  a newborn 
C)  an individual who eats only processed foods 
D)  an individual with kidney disease

Question 18

How do electrolytes function in controlling fluid balance in the body?

Accepted Answer

Electrolytes are minerals found in your

Question 19

What is the primary reason we sweat?

Accepted Answer

A)  to maintain blood volume 
B)  to maintain sodium balance 
C)  to excrete waste products 
D)  to regulate body temperature 
A)  to maintain blood volume 
B)  to maintain sodium balance 
C)  to excrete waste products 
D)  to regulate body temperature

Question 20

Diets high in sodium are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  breast cancer. 
B)  diabetes mellitus. 
C)  obesity. 
D)  hypertension. 
A)  breast cancer. 
B)  diabetes mellitus. 
C)  obesity. 
D)  hypertension.

Exam 7: Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Which of the following do sodium and potassium NOT have in common?

Describe four primary roles that water plays in the proper functioning of the body.

Sodium is an essential nutrient necessary for human health.

Ions are capable of conducting electricity.

Lean tissue contains a lower percentage of fluid compared with fat tissue.

Which of the following is the MOST effective method used in removing waterborne microorganisms from bottled water?

The swelling of tissues associated with hypernatremia is known as

The majority of our body's phosphorus is stored in the

The water that comes from lakes,rivers,and reservoirs is characterized as what kind of water?

Most Americans exceed the dietary recommendations for sodium.

Which of the following can contribute to dehydration?

Although chloride deficiency is rare,it is most likely to occur in a person experiencing

Which of the following does NOT describe tissue fluid?

Which of the following substances is characterized by its ability to move freely and adapt to the shape of the vessel that contains it?

Extreme dehydration,vomiting,and diarrhea can result in hypokalemia.

Water has a high heat capacity.What does this term mean?

Which of the following individuals is at greatest risk for hyperkalemia?

How do electrolytes function in controlling fluid balance in the body?

What is the primary reason we sweat?

Diets high in sodium are associated with

Nutrition: Linking Food and Health

Designing a Healthful Diet

The Human Body: Are We Really What We Eat

Carbohydrates: Plant-Derived Energy Nutrients

Fats: Essential Energy-Supplying Nutrients

Proteins: Crucial Components of All Body Tissues

Nutrients Essential to Key Body Functions

Nutrients Essential to Healthy Tissues

Achieving and Maintaining a Healthful Body Weight

Nutrition and Physical Activity: Keys to Good Health

Food Safety and Technology: Protecting Our Food

Food Equity,Sustainability,and Quality: The Challenge of Good Food

Nutrition Through the Lifecycle: Pregnancy and the First Year of Life

Nutrition Through the Lifecycle: Childhood to Late Adulthood

New Frontiers in Nutrition and Health

Healthful Eating Patterns

Disorders Related to Specific Foods

Diabetes

Cardiovascular Disease

Vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrients With Macro Powers

Alcohol

Cancer

Osteoporosis

Obesity

Disorders Related to Body Image, Eating, and Exercise

The Safety and Effectiveness of Dietary Supplements

Malnutrition

The Fetal Environment

Searching for the Fountain of Youth

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