Question 1

Prebiotics contribute to health by

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating the growth and activity of beneficial GI flora. 
B)  adding lipids to the lining of the GI tract. 
C)  adding protein and liquid to the GI tract to increase its activity. 
D)  decreasing lipid metabolism. 
A)  stimulating the growth and activity of beneficial GI flora. 
B)  adding lipids to the lining of the GI tract. 
C)  adding protein and liquid to the GI tract to increase its activity. 
D)  decreasing lipid metabolism. A

Question 2

The microorganisms in the gastrointestinal (GI)tract benefit our health by

Accepted Answer

A)  serving as "tags" in diagnostic tests for digestive diseases. 
B)  enable us to digest food and absorb nutrients that otherwise would be unavailable. 
C)  promoting the inflammatory response. 
D)  synthesizing all four of the fat-soluble vitamins. 
A)  serving as "tags" in diagnostic tests for digestive diseases. 
B)  enable us to digest food and absorb nutrients that otherwise would be unavailable. 
C)  promoting the inflammatory response. 
D)  synthesizing all four of the fat-soluble vitamins. B

Question 3

Probiotics contribute to human health by improving the balance of healthful bacteria in the GI tract.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Inulin is a kind of prebiotic that nourishes colonies of healthful bacteria in the GI tract.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Research suggests that consumption of probiotics may reduce susceptibility to colds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Current research suggests that a diet rich in orange,yellow,and deep green fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk for certain age-related eye diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Prebiotics are generally found in easily digestible,high-protein foods such as meat and poultry.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Current research suggests that the health benefits of phytochemicals can be derived only from phytochemical supplements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the challenges facing the field of nutrigenomics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scientists do not know the functions of non-coding regions of DNA that may influence human health. 
B)  Scientists have not been able to identify any mechanisms by which diet might contribute to disease. 
C)  Turning genes on or off may prompt different effects in different body cells and systems. 
D)  Age, gender, and lifestyle must also be taken into account in how foods interact with genes. 
A)  Scientists do not know the functions of non-coding regions of DNA that may influence human health. 
B)  Scientists have not been able to identify any mechanisms by which diet might contribute to disease. 
C)  Turning genes on or off may prompt different effects in different body cells and systems. 
D)  Age, gender, and lifestyle must also be taken into account in how foods interact with genes.

Question 10

Nutrigenomics research has shown that a mother's and a father's diet can affect the genes expressed by their children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Epigenetic factors may help to explain why everyone following the exact same weight-loss diet and exercise program will lose the same amount of weight.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Cottage cheese to which the food manufacturer has added inulin is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  processed probiotic food. 
B)  processed prebiotic food. 
C)  whole probiotic food. 
D)  whole functional food. 
A)  processed probiotic food. 
B)  processed prebiotic food. 
C)  whole probiotic food. 
D)  whole functional food.

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE of phytochemicals?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are nutrients. 
B)  They are found in foods derived from both animals and plants. 
C)  They are most beneficial when consumed in supplements. 
D)  They are thought to benefit our health by stressing our cells. 
A)  They are nutrients. 
B)  They are found in foods derived from both animals and plants. 
C)  They are most beneficial when consumed in supplements. 
D)  They are thought to benefit our health by stressing our cells.

Question 14

What effect occurs when the binding of epigenetic factors to histone proteins causes DNA to be tightly wound?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genes are less accessible for use in protein synthesis. 
B)  Genes are more accessible for use in protein synthesis. 
C)  Genes develop potentially cancer-causing mutations. 
D)  Genes are better able to defend against cancer-causing chemicals in foods. 
A)  Genes are less accessible for use in protein synthesis. 
B)  Genes are more accessible for use in protein synthesis. 
C)  Genes develop potentially cancer-causing mutations. 
D)  Genes are better able to defend against cancer-causing chemicals in foods.

Question 15

Which of the following would provide the most effective dose of live and active bacterial cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 teaspoon of inulin 
B)  1 cup of yogurt 
C)  1 cup of tofu 
D)  1 cup of wine 
A)  1 teaspoon of inulin 
B)  1 cup of yogurt 
C)  1 cup of tofu 
D)  1 cup of wine

Question 16

Which of the following statements is TRUE about a diet high in phytochemicals?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is thought to increase the risk of cancer. 
B)  It is thought to reduce inflammation linked to the development of cancer. 
C)  It can prevent some forms of cancer. 
D)  It can cure some forms of cancer. 
A)  It is thought to increase the risk of cancer. 
B)  It is thought to reduce inflammation linked to the development of cancer. 
C)  It can prevent some forms of cancer. 
D)  It can cure some forms of cancer.

Question 17

Epigenetic factors actually change the structure of our DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The field of nutrigenomics has the potential to improve human health by

Accepted Answer

A)  altering a diseased individual's DNA makeup. 
B)  expanding the human genome 100-fold. 
C)  identifying foods that can influence the expression of specific genes. 
D)  creating new foods with biologically active ingredients. 
A)  altering a diseased individual's DNA makeup. 
B)  expanding the human genome 100-fold. 
C)  identifying foods that can influence the expression of specific genes. 
D)  creating new foods with biologically active ingredients.

Question 19

Yogurt you purchase from a local dairy farm is a processed food.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a health-promoting function associated with a healthy intake of phytochemicals from foods?

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction in inflammation that is linked to the development of cardiovascular disease 
B)  slowing of tumor growth in the development of cancer 
C)  increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics 
D)  enhanced immune function to protect against infection 
A)  reduction in inflammation that is linked to the development of cardiovascular disease 
B)  slowing of tumor growth in the development of cancer 
C)  increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics 
D)  enhanced immune function to protect against infection

Exam 16: New Frontiers in Nutrition and Health

Prebiotics contribute to health by

The microorganisms in the gastrointestinal (GI)tract benefit our health by

Probiotics contribute to human health by improving the balance of healthful bacteria in the GI tract.

Inulin is a kind of prebiotic that nourishes colonies of healthful bacteria in the GI tract.

Research suggests that consumption of probiotics may reduce susceptibility to colds.

Current research suggests that a diet rich in orange,yellow,and deep green fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk for certain age-related eye diseases.

Prebiotics are generally found in easily digestible,high-protein foods such as meat and poultry.

Current research suggests that the health benefits of phytochemicals can be derived only from phytochemical supplements.

Which of the following is NOT one of the challenges facing the field of nutrigenomics?

Nutrigenomics research has shown that a mother's and a father's diet can affect the genes expressed by their children.

Epigenetic factors may help to explain why everyone following the exact same weight-loss diet and exercise program will lose the same amount of weight.

Cottage cheese to which the food manufacturer has added inulin is an example of a

Which of the following is TRUE of phytochemicals?

What effect occurs when the binding of epigenetic factors to histone proteins causes DNA to be tightly wound?

Which of the following would provide the most effective dose of live and active bacterial cultures?

Which of the following statements is TRUE about a diet high in phytochemicals?

Epigenetic factors actually change the structure of our DNA.

The field of nutrigenomics has the potential to improve human health by

Yogurt you purchase from a local dairy farm is a processed food.

Which of the following is NOT a health-promoting function associated with a healthy intake of phytochemicals from foods?

Nutrition: Linking Food and Health

Designing a Healthful Diet

The Human Body: Are We Really What We Eat

Carbohydrates: Plant-Derived Energy Nutrients

Fats: Essential Energy-Supplying Nutrients

Proteins: Crucial Components of All Body Tissues

Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Nutrients Essential to Key Body Functions

Nutrients Essential to Healthy Tissues

Achieving and Maintaining a Healthful Body Weight

Nutrition and Physical Activity: Keys to Good Health

Food Safety and Technology: Protecting Our Food

Food Equity,Sustainability,and Quality: The Challenge of Good Food

Nutrition Through the Lifecycle: Pregnancy and the First Year of Life

Nutrition Through the Lifecycle: Childhood to Late Adulthood

Healthful Eating Patterns

Disorders Related to Specific Foods

Diabetes

Cardiovascular Disease

Vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrients With Macro Powers

Alcohol

Cancer

Osteoporosis

Obesity

Disorders Related to Body Image, Eating, and Exercise

The Safety and Effectiveness of Dietary Supplements

Malnutrition

The Fetal Environment

Searching for the Fountain of Youth

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