Question 1

How should a completed and signed informed consent form be handled?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is turned over to the agency's REB for safekeeping. 
B)  It is sent to the Canadian Institutes of Health Research as evidence of compliance. 
C)  It is copied; one copy is given to the participant and the other is filed by the researcher in a secured location. 
D)  There is not special procedure for handling a consent form. 
A)  It is turned over to the agency's REB for safekeeping. 
B)  It is sent to the Canadian Institutes of Health Research as evidence of compliance. 
C)  It is copied; one copy is given to the participant and the other is filed by the researcher in a secured location. 
D)  There is not special procedure for handling a consent form. D

Question 2

Which statements,descriptions,or pieces of information are considered an essential element of the informed consent form for a research study?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Patients who were contacted by study personnel and who signed (or whose proxy signed) informed consent were enrolled in the study cohort." 
B)  "The research has been reviewed and approved by the Human Participants' Review Committee, which include Jane Doe and John Smith." 
C)  "If you have any concerns about the conduct of this study or your rights as a research participant, please contact Jay Tee, lead investigator for this project at…" 
D)  "You have been randomly assigned to the intervention group, which will receive a new experimental drug developed to prevent breast cancer." 
A)  "Patients who were contacted by study personnel and who signed (or whose proxy signed) informed consent were enrolled in the study cohort." 
B)  "The research has been reviewed and approved by the Human Participants' Review Committee, which include Jane Doe and John Smith." 
C)  "If you have any concerns about the conduct of this study or your rights as a research participant, please contact Jay Tee, lead investigator for this project at…" 
D)  "You have been randomly assigned to the intervention group, which will receive a new experimental drug developed to prevent breast cancer." C

Question 3

Which statements are accurate regarding the assent process for pediatric research?

Accepted Answer

A)  A parental signature is required for a child to participate in a study. 
B)  The study protocol is reviewed with the parent and not the child. 
C)  The child should be able to express a preference for participation. 
D)  A child older than age 16 does not require a parent's signature for consent. 
E)  The child should understand the purpose of the study. 
A)  A parental signature is required for a child to participate in a study. 
B)  The study protocol is reviewed with the parent and not the child. 
C)  The child should be able to express a preference for participation. 
D)  A child older than age 16 does not require a parent's signature for consent. 
E)  The child should understand the purpose of the study. A,C,E

Question 4

A mother agreed to let her young son participate in a research study because she believed that if she did not agree,her child would be denied drug therapy.What right has been violated in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Voluntary consent 
B)  Freedom from harm 
C)  Protection from discomfort 
D)  Fair and equitable treatment 
A)  Voluntary consent 
B)  Freedom from harm 
C)  Protection from discomfort 
D)  Fair and equitable treatment

Question 5

A representative from a pharmaceutical company presents to the nurses at a long-term care facility a new product,a premedicated wound dressing,for treating pressure ulcers.The representative asks the nurses to try the new product for 1 month and compare its effectiveness with that of their current method of treatment.What type of unethical action does this situation demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intent to harm 
B)  Fraudulent behaviour 
C)  Scientific misconduct 
D)  Unauthorized research 
A)  Intent to harm 
B)  Fraudulent behaviour 
C)  Scientific misconduct 
D)  Unauthorized research

Question 6

You are a staff nurse,and you observe a health care professional coercing a patient to agree to participate in a research study.What should you do in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Contact the hospital's REB. 
B)  Confront the researcher with your concerns. 
C)  Document your suspicions in the patient's medical record. 
D)  Secretly record the researcher's interaction with the patient. 
A)  Contact the hospital's REB. 
B)  Confront the researcher with your concerns. 
C)  Document your suspicions in the patient's medical record. 
D)  Secretly record the researcher's interaction with the patient.

Question 7

What factors might influence whether it is ethical to require an older adult to participate in a research study?

Accepted Answer

A)  The relevance of the research to issues important to older adults 
B)  The ethnic background of the potential participant 
C)  The age of the potential participant 
D)  The cognitive capacity of the potential participant 
E)  The degree of risk associated with the study 
A)  The relevance of the research to issues important to older adults 
B)  The ethnic background of the potential participant 
C)  The age of the potential participant 
D)  The cognitive capacity of the potential participant 
E)  The degree of risk associated with the study

Question 8

The nurse researcher is planning a research study that will use human participants and their choice to participate in a specific treatment.The ethical principle that describes a prospective participant's freedom to choose whether or not to participate in the research study is what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Justice 
B)  Beneficence 
C)  Confidentiality 
D)  Respect for persons 
A)  Justice 
B)  Beneficence 
C)  Confidentiality 
D)  Respect for persons

Question 9

What is the basic human right that is violated when a researcher allows an unauthorized person access to study data containing information about participant identities and responses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Justice 
B)  Beneficence 
C)  Confidentiality 
D)  Respect for persons 
A)  Justice 
B)  Beneficence 
C)  Confidentiality 
D)  Respect for persons

Question 10

Which of the following ethical guidelines describes a prospective participant's freedom to participate or not participate in a research study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Promoting Justice 
B)  Promoting Health and Well-Being 
C)  Maintaining Privacy and Confidentiality 
D)  Promoting and Respecting Informed Decision Making 
A)  Promoting Justice 
B)  Promoting Health and Well-Being 
C)  Maintaining Privacy and Confidentiality 
D)  Promoting and Respecting Informed Decision Making

Question 11

What basic human right exists when participants have the right to withdraw from a study without penalty?

Accepted Answer

A)  Right to self-determination 
B)  Right to anonymity and confidentiality 
C)  Right to fair treatment 
D)  Right to protection from discomfort and harm 
A)  Right to self-determination 
B)  Right to anonymity and confidentiality 
C)  Right to fair treatment 
D)  Right to protection from discomfort and harm

Question 12

A staff nurse overhears a health care professional use coercion to make a patient agree to participate in a research study.What should the staff nurse do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Confront the researcher with concerns. 
B)  Document suspicions in the patient's medical record. 
C)  Contact the hospital's REB. 
D)  Secretly record the researcher's interaction with a potential participant. 
A)  Confront the researcher with concerns. 
B)  Document suspicions in the patient's medical record. 
C)  Contact the hospital's REB. 
D)  Secretly record the researcher's interaction with a potential participant.

Question 13

What are ethical principles that are illustrated by obtaining REB approval?

Accepted Answer

A)  Respect 
B)  Beneficence 
C)  Trust 
D)  Justice 
E)  Anonymity
F) Confidentiality 
A)  Respect 
B)  Beneficence 
C)  Trust 
D)  Justice 
E)  Anonymity
F) Confidentiality

Question 14

A patient newly diagnosed with breast cancer is asked to participate in a clinical trial for a new chemotherapy agent.This patient's freedom to participate or not participate in the study exercises protection of which of her human rights?

Accepted Answer

A)  Right to fair treatment 
B)  Right to self-determination 
C)  Right to privacy and confidentiality 
D)  Right to anonymity 
A)  Right to fair treatment 
B)  Right to self-determination 
C)  Right to privacy and confidentiality 
D)  Right to anonymity

Question 15

Which is considered an essential element of the informed consent form for a research study?

Accepted Answer

A)  The witnessing signature of an authorized party 
B)  The listing of members of the agency's REB 
C)  Explanation of whom to contact regarding any area of the study 
D)  List of participant's assignment to intervention group or control group 
A)  The witnessing signature of an authorized party 
B)  The listing of members of the agency's REB 
C)  Explanation of whom to contact regarding any area of the study 
D)  List of participant's assignment to intervention group or control group

Question 16

The nurse researcher is planning a research study that will use human participants and their choice to participate in a specific treatment.The ethical principle that describes a prospective participant's freedom to choose whether or not to participate in the research study is what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Promoting Justice 
B)  Promoting Health and Well-Being 
C)  Maintaining Privacy and Confidentiality 
D)  Preserving Dignity 
A)  Promoting Justice 
B)  Promoting Health and Well-Being 
C)  Maintaining Privacy and Confidentiality 
D)  Preserving Dignity

Question 17

The Research Ethics Board (REB)is responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)  approval of the research design. 
B)  protecting participants from undue risk. 
C)  ensuring that informed consent is obtained. 
D)  promotion of nursing research in health care institutions. 
A)  approval of the research design. 
B)  protecting participants from undue risk. 
C)  ensuring that informed consent is obtained. 
D)  promotion of nursing research in health care institutions.

Question 18

Women have been excluded as participants in many randomized controlled trials because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is difficult to include both genders. 
B)  female hormones may interact with the drugs studied. 
C)  women are generally more difficult to recruit as participants. 
D)  female participants may not realize they are pregnant, thus putting the fetus at risk. 
A)  it is difficult to include both genders. 
B)  female hormones may interact with the drugs studied. 
C)  women are generally more difficult to recruit as participants. 
D)  female participants may not realize they are pregnant, thus putting the fetus at risk.

Question 19

The issue of personal privacy may be more difficult for nurse researchers to protect in qualitative studies than it is in quantitative studies for which reason?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants may be related to each other. 
B)  The researcher meets participants face to face in such studies. 
C)  Participants are not asked to sign an informed consent statement. 
D)  Verbatim quotations from participants may reveal personal information. 
A)  Participants may be related to each other. 
B)  The researcher meets participants face to face in such studies. 
C)  Participants are not asked to sign an informed consent statement. 
D)  Verbatim quotations from participants may reveal personal information.

Question 20

A person gives consent to participate in a study,is assigned to an intervention group,and is expected to remain in the study for 1 year.Which ethical principle is violated if after 6 months the participants in the treatment group have more problems than do the control participants but the researcher does not allow the members of the treatment group to stop the treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Promoting Justice 
B)  Promoting Health and Well-Being 
C)  Maintaining Privacy and Confidentiality 
D)  Preserving Dignity 
A)  Promoting Justice 
B)  Promoting Health and Well-Being 
C)  Maintaining Privacy and Confidentiality 
D)  Preserving Dignity

How should a completed and signed informed consent form be handled?

Which statements,descriptions,or pieces of information are considered an essential element of the informed consent form for a research study?

Which statements are accurate regarding the assent process for pediatric research?

A mother agreed to let her young son participate in a research study because she believed that if she did not agree,her child would be denied drug therapy.What right has been violated in this situation?

You are a staff nurse,and you observe a health care professional coercing a patient to agree to participate in a research study.What should you do in this situation?

What factors might influence whether it is ethical to require an older adult to participate in a research study?

The nurse researcher is planning a research study that will use human participants and their choice to participate in a specific treatment.The ethical principle that describes a prospective participant's freedom to choose whether or not to participate in the research study is what?

What is the basic human right that is violated when a researcher allows an unauthorized person access to study data containing information about participant identities and responses?

Which of the following ethical guidelines describes a prospective participant's freedom to participate or not participate in a research study?

What basic human right exists when participants have the right to withdraw from a study without penalty?

A staff nurse overhears a health care professional use coercion to make a patient agree to participate in a research study.What should the staff nurse do?

What are ethical principles that are illustrated by obtaining REB approval?

A patient newly diagnosed with breast cancer is asked to participate in a clinical trial for a new chemotherapy agent.This patient's freedom to participate or not participate in the study exercises protection of which of her human rights?

Which is considered an essential element of the informed consent form for a research study?

The nurse researcher is planning a research study that will use human participants and their choice to participate in a specific treatment.The ethical principle that describes a prospective participant's freedom to choose whether or not to participate in the research study is what?

The Research Ethics Board (REB)is responsible for

Women have been excluded as participants in many randomized controlled trials because

The issue of personal privacy may be more difficult for nurse researchers to protect in qualitative studies than it is in quantitative studies for which reason?

The Role of Research in Nursing

Theoretical Framework

Critical Reading Strategies: Overview of the Research Process

Developing Research Questions, Hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Finding and Appraising the Literature

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasiexperimental Designs

Non-Experimental Designs

Sampling

Data Collection Methods

Rigour in Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

Presenting the Findings

Critiquing Qualitative Research

Critiquing Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Informed Practice

Filters

Exam 6: Legal and Ethical Issues

How should a completed and signed informed consent form be handled?

Which statements,descriptions,or pieces of information are considered an essential element of the informed consent form for a research study?

Which statements are accurate regarding the assent process for pediatric research?

A mother agreed to let her young son participate in a research study because she believed that if she did not agree,her child would be denied drug therapy.What right has been violated in this situation?

You are a staff nurse,and you observe a health care professional coercing a patient to agree to participate in a research study.What should you do in this situation?

What factors might influence whether it is ethical to require an older adult to participate in a research study?

The nurse researcher is planning a research study that will use human participants and their choice to participate in a specific treatment.The ethical principle that describes a prospective participant's freedom to choose whether or not to participate in the research study is what?

What is the basic human right that is violated when a researcher allows an unauthorized person access to study data containing information about participant identities and responses?

Which of the following ethical guidelines describes a prospective participant's freedom to participate or not participate in a research study?

What basic human right exists when participants have the right to withdraw from a study without penalty?

A staff nurse overhears a health care professional use coercion to make a patient agree to participate in a research study.What should the staff nurse do?

What are ethical principles that are illustrated by obtaining REB approval?

A patient newly diagnosed with breast cancer is asked to participate in a clinical trial for a new chemotherapy agent.This patient's freedom to participate or not participate in the study exercises protection of which of her human rights?

Which is considered an essential element of the informed consent form for a research study?

The nurse researcher is planning a research study that will use human participants and their choice to participate in a specific treatment.The ethical principle that describes a prospective participant's freedom to choose whether or not to participate in the research study is what?

The Research Ethics Board (REB)is responsible for

Women have been excluded as participants in many randomized controlled trials because

The issue of personal privacy may be more difficult for nurse researchers to protect in qualitative studies than it is in quantitative studies for which reason?

The Role of Research in Nursing

Theoretical Framework

Critical Reading Strategies: Overview of the Research Process

Developing Research Questions, Hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Finding and Appraising the Literature

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasiexperimental Designs

Non-Experimental Designs

Sampling

Data Collection Methods

Rigour in Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

Presenting the Findings

Critiquing Qualitative Research

Critiquing Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Informed Practice

Filters