Question 1

Which reaction is characterized as anabolic?

Accepted Answer

A) Pyruvate synthesis from glucose 
B) Acetyl CoA synthesis from cholesterol 
C) Carbon dioxide synthesis from citric acid 
D) Cholesterol synthesis from acetyl CoA molecules 
E) Hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose 
A) Pyruvate synthesis from glucose 
B) Acetyl CoA synthesis from cholesterol 
C) Carbon dioxide synthesis from citric acid 
D) Cholesterol synthesis from acetyl CoA molecules 
E) Hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose

Question 2

Fatty acid oxidation results in the direct production of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ketones 
B) fructose 
C) pyruvate 
D) acetyl CoA 
E) lactate 
A) ketones 
B) fructose 
C) pyruvate 
D) acetyl CoA 
E) lactate

Question 3

Discuss ways in which the body's metabolism adapts to conditions of fasting/starvation. How do these adaptations affect the rate of weight loss when a person follows a low-kcalorie diet?

Accepted Answer

During fasting, carbohydrate, fat, and p

Question 4

Describe the effects of excess alcohol intake on folate utilization.

Accepted Answer

Chronic alcohol abuse not only displaces

Question 5

Which metabolic reaction occurs when a cell uses energy?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP gains a phosphate group and becomes ADP. 
B) ADP gains a phosphate group and becomes ATP. 
C) ATP releases a phosphate group and becomes ADP. 
D) ADP releases a phosphate group and becomes ATP. 
E) ADP and ATP cycle back and forth repeatedly. 
A) ATP gains a phosphate group and becomes ADP. 
B) ADP gains a phosphate group and becomes ATP. 
C) ATP releases a phosphate group and becomes ADP. 
D) ADP releases a phosphate group and becomes ATP. 
E) ADP and ATP cycle back and forth repeatedly.

Question 6

The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in people with chronic alcohol abuse stems primarily from a deficiency of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) folate 
B) thiamin 
C) antidiuretic hormone 
D) alcohol dehydrogenase 
E) protein 
A) folate 
B) thiamin 
C) antidiuretic hormone 
D) alcohol dehydrogenase 
E) protein

Question 7

Which of the following is classified as a ketone body?

Accepted Answer

A) Sorbitol 
B) Pyruvate 
C) Acetyl CoA 
D) Acetoacetate 
E) Oxaloacetate 
A) Sorbitol 
B) Pyruvate 
C) Acetyl CoA 
D) Acetoacetate 
E) Oxaloacetate

Question 8

Which statement describes lactate production by muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

A) It occurs only during intense exercise. 
B) When rapid, it causes muscle fatigue. 
C) It produces lactate that may eventually be used by the liver for glucose production. 
D) It lowers the pH of the muscle cell, thereby lowering muscle performance. 
E) It is an aerobic process. 
A) It occurs only during intense exercise. 
B) When rapid, it causes muscle fatigue. 
C) It produces lactate that may eventually be used by the liver for glucose production. 
D) It lowers the pH of the muscle cell, thereby lowering muscle performance. 
E) It is an aerobic process.

Question 9

What are the products of the complete oxidation of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A) Urea and acetone 
B) Fatty acids and glycerol 
C) Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen 
D) Water, carbon dioxide, and energy 
E) Pyruvate and acetyl CoA 
A) Urea and acetone 
B) Fatty acids and glycerol 
C) Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen 
D) Water, carbon dioxide, and energy 
E) Pyruvate and acetyl CoA

Question 10

Which statement describes a correct energy-yielding endpoint?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbohydrates yield glucose only when proteins are not available. 
B) Proteins cannot yield fat stores. 
C) Fatty acids yield amino acids. 
D) Glycerol yields nonessential amino acids when nitrogen is present. 
E) Fatty acids yield glucose. 
A) Carbohydrates yield glucose only when proteins are not available. 
B) Proteins cannot yield fat stores. 
C) Fatty acids yield amino acids. 
D) Glycerol yields nonessential amino acids when nitrogen is present. 
E) Fatty acids yield glucose.

Question 11

An aerobic reaction is one that requires ____.

Accepted Answer

A) alcohol 
B) oxygen 
C) nitrogen 
D) ammonia 
E) glucose 
A) alcohol 
B) oxygen 
C) nitrogen 
D) ammonia 
E) glucose

Question 12

Which process leads to the production of urea?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxidation of glucose 
B) Oxidation of amino acids 
C) Incomplete oxidation of fatty acids 
D) Synthesis of protein from amino acids 
E) Incomplete oxidation of glycerol 
A) Oxidation of glucose 
B) Oxidation of amino acids 
C) Incomplete oxidation of fatty acids 
D) Synthesis of protein from amino acids 
E) Incomplete oxidation of glycerol

Question 13

Which item is used to supply some of the fuel needed by the brain only after the body has been fasting for a while?

Accepted Answer

A) Ketones 
B) Glycerol 
C) Fatty acids 
D) Amino acids 
E) Protein 
A) Ketones 
B) Glycerol 
C) Fatty acids 
D) Amino acids 
E) Protein

Question 14

What accounts for the higher energy density of a fatty acid compared with the other energy-yielding nutrients?

Accepted Answer

A) Fatty acids have a lower percentage of hydrogen-oxygen bonds. 
B) Fatty acids have a greater percentage of hydrogen-carbon bonds. 
C) Other energy-yielding nutrients have a lower percentage of oxygen-carbon bonds. 
D) Other energy-yielding nutrients undergo fewer metabolic reactions, thereby lowering the energy yield. 
E) Other energy-yielding nutrients have a lower percentage of oxygen-hydrogen bonds. 
A) Fatty acids have a lower percentage of hydrogen-oxygen bonds. 
B) Fatty acids have a greater percentage of hydrogen-carbon bonds. 
C) Other energy-yielding nutrients have a lower percentage of oxygen-carbon bonds. 
D) Other energy-yielding nutrients undergo fewer metabolic reactions, thereby lowering the energy yield. 
E) Other energy-yielding nutrients have a lower percentage of oxygen-hydrogen bonds.

Question 15

Which reaction is characterized as catabolic?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucose formation from glycerol 
B) Pyruvate formation from glucose 
C) Albumin formation from amino acids 
D) Palmitic acid formation from acetate 
E) Formation of triglycerides from glycerol and fatty acids 
A) Glucose formation from glycerol 
B) Pyruvate formation from glucose 
C) Albumin formation from amino acids 
D) Palmitic acid formation from acetate 
E) Formation of triglycerides from glycerol and fatty acids

Question 16

MATCHING
-A small non-protein organic substance that promotes optimal activity of an enzyme

Accepted Answer

A) Ethyl 
B) Urea 
C) MEOS 
D) Water 
E) Glucose
F)Enzyme
G)Glycogen
H)Glycerol
I)Ammonia
J)Coenzyme
K)Cori cycle
L)Lactate
M)Acetoacetate
N)Acetyl CoA
O)Pyruvate
P)Triglyceride
Q)Gastric alcohol dehydrogenase
R)Synthesis of pyruvate from glycogen
S)Synthesis of cholesterol from acetate
T)Synthesis of acetyl CoA from glucose 
A) Ethyl 
B) Urea 
C) MEOS 
D) Water 
E) Glucose
F)Enzyme
G)Glycogen
H)Glycerol
I)Ammonia
J)Coenzyme
K)Cori cycle
L)Lactate
M)Acetoacetate
N)Acetyl CoA
O)Pyruvate
P)Triglyceride
Q)Gastric alcohol dehydrogenase
R)Synthesis of pyruvate from glycogen
S)Synthesis of cholesterol from acetate
T)Synthesis of acetyl CoA from glucose

Question 17

Which statement defines a coenzyme?

Accepted Answer

A) A unit consisting of an enzyme bound to reactants plus ATP 
B) An organic molecule required for the functioning of an enzyme 
C) The small, active part of an enzyme that binds to the organic reactants 
D) An inactive enzyme that becomes functional upon contact with specific cofactors 
E) An enzyme precursor 
A) A unit consisting of an enzyme bound to reactants plus ATP 
B) An organic molecule required for the functioning of an enzyme 
C) The small, active part of an enzyme that binds to the organic reactants 
D) An inactive enzyme that becomes functional upon contact with specific cofactors 
E) An enzyme precursor

Question 18

How does the body respond to a low-carbohydrate diet?

Accepted Answer

When a person consumes a low-carbohydrat

Question 19

The number of ATP molecules that can be produced from a molecule of protein, fat, or carbohydrate is generally related to the number of atoms of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) carbon 
B) oxygen 
C) nitrogen 
D) hydrogen 
E) potassium 
A) carbon 
B) oxygen 
C) nitrogen 
D) hydrogen 
E) potassium

Question 20

How does excess carbohydrate intake contribute to obesity?

Accepted Answer

A) It is efficiently converted to storage fat. 
B) It spares oxidation of body fat and dietary fat. 
C) It stimulates glucagon release, resulting in inhibition of fatty acid oxidation. 
D) It stimulates pancreatic lipase secretion, which results in higher dietary fat absorption. 
E) It results in large amounts of glycogen storage that is increased as carbohydrate consumption increases. 
A) It is efficiently converted to storage fat. 
B) It spares oxidation of body fat and dietary fat. 
C) It stimulates glucagon release, resulting in inhibition of fatty acid oxidation. 
D) It stimulates pancreatic lipase secretion, which results in higher dietary fat absorption. 
E) It results in large amounts of glycogen storage that is increased as carbohydrate consumption increases.

Which reaction is characterized as anabolic?

Fatty acid oxidation results in the direct production of ____.

Discuss ways in which the body's metabolism adapts to conditions of fasting/starvation. How do these adaptations affect the rate of weight loss when a person follows a low-kcalorie diet?

Describe the effects of excess alcohol intake on folate utilization.

Which metabolic reaction occurs when a cell uses energy?

The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in people with chronic alcohol abuse stems primarily from a deficiency of ____.

Which of the following is classified as a ketone body?

Which statement describes lactate production by muscle cells?

What are the products of the complete oxidation of fatty acids?

Which statement describes a correct energy-yielding endpoint?

An aerobic reaction is one that requires ____.

Which process leads to the production of urea?

Which item is used to supply some of the fuel needed by the brain only after the body has been fasting for a while?

What accounts for the higher energy density of a fatty acid compared with the other energy-yielding nutrients?

Which reaction is characterized as catabolic?

MATCHING -A small non-protein organic substance that promotes optimal activity of an enzyme

Which statement defines a coenzyme?

How does the body respond to a low-carbohydrate diet?

The number of ATP molecules that can be produced from a molecule of protein, fat, or carbohydrate is generally related to the number of atoms of ____.

How does excess carbohydrate intake contribute to obesity?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and 123 the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Fitness: Physical Activity, Nutrients, and Body Adaptations

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Diet and Health

Consumer Concerns About Foods and Water

Hunger and the Global Environment

Filters

Exam 7: Energy Metabolism

Which reaction is characterized as anabolic?

Fatty acid oxidation results in the direct production of ____.

Discuss ways in which the body's metabolism adapts to conditions of fasting/starvation. How do these adaptations affect the rate of weight loss when a person follows a low-kcalorie diet?

Describe the effects of excess alcohol intake on folate utilization.

Which metabolic reaction occurs when a cell uses energy?

The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in people with chronic alcohol abuse stems primarily from a deficiency of ____.

Which of the following is classified as a ketone body?

Which statement describes lactate production by muscle cells?

What are the products of the complete oxidation of fatty acids?

Which statement describes a correct energy-yielding endpoint?

An aerobic reaction is one that requires ____.

Which process leads to the production of urea?

Which item is used to supply some of the fuel needed by the brain only after the body has been fasting for a while?

What accounts for the higher energy density of a fatty acid compared with the other energy-yielding nutrients?

Which reaction is characterized as catabolic?

MATCHING -A small non-protein organic substance that promotes optimal activity of an enzyme

Which statement defines a coenzyme?

How does the body respond to a low-carbohydrate diet?

The number of ATP molecules that can be produced from a molecule of protein, fat, or carbohydrate is generally related to the number of atoms of ____.

How does excess carbohydrate intake contribute to obesity?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and 123 the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Fitness: Physical Activity, Nutrients, and Body Adaptations

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Diet and Health

Consumer Concerns About Foods and Water

Hunger and the Global Environment

Filters