Question 1

What is the effect of an antigen binding a membrane protein on adapter molecules?

Accepted Answer

Antigen binding by immunoglobulin or TCR

Question 2

The ________ is a highly conserved amino acid sequence found in immunoglobulin,TCR,and MHC proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  heavy chain 
B)  V domain 
C)  C domain 
D)  light chain 
A)  heavy chain 
B)  V domain 
C)  C domain 
D)  light chain

Question 3

C-reactive protein is a

Accepted Answer

A)  pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP). 
B)  homotrimeric adaptor protein. 
C)  lipoprotein. 
D)  pattern recognition receptor (PRR). 
A)  pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP). 
B)  homotrimeric adaptor protein. 
C)  lipoprotein. 
D)  pattern recognition receptor (PRR).

Question 4

In somatic hypermutation,the mutation of immunoglobulin genes occurs at much higher rates than the mutation rates observed in other genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)are found on which of the following cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  macrophages 
B)  bacteria 
C)  neutrophils 
D)  macrophages and neutrophils 
A)  macrophages 
B)  bacteria 
C)  neutrophils 
D)  macrophages and neutrophils

Question 6

The major histocompatibility complex is also called the

Accepted Answer

A)  human leukocyte antigen (HL
A) . 
B)  T cell receptor. 
C)  toll-like receptor complex. 
D)  T cell receptor or toll-like receptor. 
A)  human leukocyte antigen (HL
A) . 
B)  T cell receptor. 
C)  toll-like receptor complex. 
D)  T cell receptor or toll-like receptor.

Question 7

T cells undergo immune selection FOR potential antigen-reactive cells and selection AGAINST those cells that react strongly with self-antigens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Amino acid variability is especially apparent in several ________ in the V domains of different immunoglobulins.

Accepted Answer

A)  heavy chains 
B)  complementarity-determining regions (CDR) 
C)  peptide motifs 
D)  epitopes 
A)  heavy chains 
B)  complementarity-determining regions (CDR) 
C)  peptide motifs 
D)  epitopes

Question 9

Which of the following roles do B cells play?

Accepted Answer

A)  antigen presentation 
B)  antigen processing 
C)  antigen uptake 
D)  antigen presentation, processing, and uptake 
A)  antigen presentation 
B)  antigen processing 
C)  antigen uptake 
D)  antigen presentation, processing, and uptake

Question 10

Some activated B cells are transformed into ________ cells that secrete antibodies,and others remain as ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma / memory B 
B)  lymphocytes / memory B 
C)  immunoglobulin / plasma 
D)  immunoglobulin / TH 
A)  plasma / memory B 
B)  lymphocytes / memory B 
C)  immunoglobulin / plasma 
D)  immunoglobulin / TH

Question 11

Which of the following are proteins that interact directly with antigens during the adaptive immune response?

Accepted Answer

A)  immunoglobins 
B)  major histocompatibility complex 
C)  T cell receptors 
D)  all of these 
A)  immunoglobins 
B)  major histocompatibility complex 
C)  T cell receptors 
D)  all of these

Question 12

Design five amino acid peptides that could be bound by a single hypothetical class I MHC protein.The MHC proteins binds peptides that are 10 amino acids long and have two anchor residues,tyrosine and isoleucine,at positions 2 and 5.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary because diff

Question 13

All proinflammatory cytokines EXCEPT ________ induce fever at the systemic level.

Accepted Answer

A)  IL-4 
B)  IL-12 
C)  IL-6 
D)  IL-17 
A)  IL-4 
B)  IL-12 
C)  IL-6 
D)  IL-17

Question 14

A patient is waiting for a kidney transplant.In order for the transplant to be successful,the donated kidney (the graft)must "match" with the recipient.What has to "match" between the donor and the recipient? Why is matching tissue more difficult than matching blood types?

Accepted Answer

The immune system uses major histocompat

Question 15

Which of the following contribute to the limitless diversity generated from a relatively fixed number of immunoglobulin genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypermutation 
B)  random heavy and light chain reassortment 
C)  somatic recombination 
D)  hypermutation, random heavy and light chain reassortment, and somatic recombination. 
A)  hypermutation 
B)  random heavy and light chain reassortment 
C)  somatic recombination 
D)  hypermutation, random heavy and light chain reassortment, and somatic recombination.

Question 16

The chemokine CCL2

Accepted Answer

A)  attracts basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells. 
B)  stimulates production of inflammatory mediators. 
C)  organizes an antigen specific immune response. 
D)  attracts basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells; stimulates production of inflammatory mediators; and organizes an antigen specific immune response. 
A)  attracts basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells. 
B)  stimulates production of inflammatory mediators. 
C)  organizes an antigen specific immune response. 
D)  attracts basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells; stimulates production of inflammatory mediators; and organizes an antigen specific immune response.

Question 17

The failure to develop tolerance may result in dangerous reactions to self-antigens,a condition called

Accepted Answer

A)  type I hypersensitivity. 
B)  immunotolerance. 
C)  autoimmunity. 
D)  immunodeficiency. 
A)  type I hypersensitivity. 
B)  immunotolerance. 
C)  autoimmunity. 
D)  immunodeficiency.

Question 18

Somatic hypermutation mechanisms generate TCR diversity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The C domain of antigen-binding proteins functions to

Accepted Answer

A)  attach the antigen-binding domain to the cytoplasmic membrane. 
B)  bind to the cytoplasmic membrane of foreign cells. 
C)  complex multiple antigen-binding proteins together. 
D)  bind to epitopes. 
A)  attach the antigen-binding domain to the cytoplasmic membrane. 
B)  bind to the cytoplasmic membrane of foreign cells. 
C)  complex multiple antigen-binding proteins together. 
D)  bind to epitopes.

Question 20

Antibodies are insoluble proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 26: Molecular Immunology

What is the effect of an antigen binding a membrane protein on adapter molecules?

The ________ is a highly conserved amino acid sequence found in immunoglobulin,TCR,and MHC proteins.

C-reactive protein is a

In somatic hypermutation,the mutation of immunoglobulin genes occurs at much higher rates than the mutation rates observed in other genes.

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)are found on which of the following cells?

The major histocompatibility complex is also called the

T cells undergo immune selection FOR potential antigen-reactive cells and selection AGAINST those cells that react strongly with self-antigens.

Amino acid variability is especially apparent in several ________ in the V domains of different immunoglobulins.

Which of the following roles do B cells play?

Some activated B cells are transformed into ________ cells that secrete antibodies,and others remain as ________ cells.

Which of the following are proteins that interact directly with antigens during the adaptive immune response?

Design five amino acid peptides that could be bound by a single hypothetical class I MHC protein.The MHC proteins binds peptides that are 10 amino acids long and have two anchor residues,tyrosine and isoleucine,at positions 2 and 5.

All proinflammatory cytokines EXCEPT ________ induce fever at the systemic level.

A patient is waiting for a kidney transplant.In order for the transplant to be successful,the donated kidney (the graft)must "match" with the recipient.What has to "match" between the donor and the recipient? Why is matching tissue more difficult than matching blood types?

Which of the following contribute to the limitless diversity generated from a relatively fixed number of immunoglobulin genes?

The chemokine CCL2

The failure to develop tolerance may result in dangerous reactions to self-antigens,a condition called

Somatic hypermutation mechanisms generate TCR diversity.

The C domain of antigen-binding proteins functions to

Antibodies are insoluble proteins.

Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Biology

Microbial Growth and Control

Microbial Genomics

Metabolic Regulation

Viruses and Virology

Viral Genomes and Diversity

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Interactions With Humans

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Diagnostic Microbiology

Epidemiology

Person-To-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Water and Food As Vehicles of Bacterial Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungal and Parasitic Diseases

Filters

Some activated B cells are transformed into cells that secrete antibodies,and others remain as cells.