Exam 11: Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

One of the more formidable obstacles to mammalian gene cloning is the presence of

Regardless of the DNA polymerase used in PCR,such as Taq or Pfu,they all have an inherent inability to perfectly copy the template strand,which means the polymerases themselves occasionally make mutations in the sequences they copy.

What molecular mechanism/feature does site-directed mutagenesis exploit to introduce a mutation at a specific site?

Defend how type II restriction endonucleases,which do not cleave random sites,can be a part of an approach to random cloning library.

Which of the following is NOT an example of synthetic biology?

DNA polymerases from Escherichia coli cannot be used to artificially copy gene sequences with a thermocycler.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a type II restriction endonuclease?

Genomic libraries enable the discovery of individual gene(s)involved in a particular function of interest with cloning vectors in an expression host,such as Escherichia coli.

Green fluorescent protein (GFP)is used for detecting translational activity of a fused protein,whereas lacZ reporters are used to detect transcriptional activity of a fused gene.

The genes encoding luciferase,green fluorescent protein (GFP),and β-galactosidase are typically used in cloning as

Strong promoters used for genetic manipulation are usually regulated by specific molecules.

Expression vectors are designed to ensure that ________ can be efficiently ________.

A(n)________ gene is a gene that encodes a protein that is easy to detect and assay.

A shuttle vector is most useful for

Describe three characteristics of an ideal cloning host for genetic engineering.

At which time period(s)during PCR thermocycling is/are hottest in temperature?

Modification enzymes typically methylate specific bases within the recognition sequence to prevent digestion of the nucleotide sequence by restriction endonucleases.

Which of the following terms is used to describe a synthetic DNA fragment?

One problem with both BACs and YACs is that genetic regions of these chromosomes cannot be subcloned.

If a foreign gene is cloned into an expression host,it is important that the host itself