Question 1

One of the most important features of sleep is that its efficiency increases in response to

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep reduction. 
B)  cognitive overload. 
C)  light. 
D)  tricyclic antidepressants. 
E)  stress. 
A)  sleep reduction. 
B)  cognitive overload. 
C)  light. 
D)  tricyclic antidepressants. 
E)  stress.

Question 2

The following is a prediction of many recuperation theories of sleep:

Accepted Answer

A)  Long periods of wakefulness will produce physiological and behavioral disturbances. 
B)  The disturbances produced by sleep deprivation will grow worse as the deprivation continues. 
C)  After a period of sleep deprivation, most missed sleep will be regained. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C 
A)  Long periods of wakefulness will produce physiological and behavioral disturbances. 
B)  The disturbances produced by sleep deprivation will grow worse as the deprivation continues. 
C)  After a period of sleep deprivation, most missed sleep will be regained. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C

Question 3

The pineal gland is located on the midline just below the posterior portion of the

Accepted Answer

A)  corpus callosum. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  amygdala. 
E)  hippocampus. 
A)  corpus callosum. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  amygdala. 
E)  hippocampus.

Question 4

It is impossible for a human to stay awake longer than __________ hours without experiencing life-threatening physiological problems.

Accepted Answer

A)  24 
B)  36 
C)  48 
D)  60 
E)  none of the above 
A)  24 
B)  36 
C)  48 
D)  60 
E)  none of the above

Question 5

Melatonin is synthesized from

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  glutamate. 
D)  GABA. 
E)  dopamine. 
A)  serotonin. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  glutamate. 
D)  GABA. 
E)  dopamine.

Question 6

There are three classes of drugs that influence sleep: hypnotics, antihypnotics, and a third class that

Accepted Answer

A)  is derived from benzodiazepines. 
B)  includes melatonin. 
C)  comprises drugs that influence the circadian rhythmicity of sleep without increasing or decreasing it. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C 
A)  is derived from benzodiazepines. 
B)  includes melatonin. 
C)  comprises drugs that influence the circadian rhythmicity of sleep without increasing or decreasing it. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C

Question 7

Adaptation theories of sleep assume that we are programmed to sleep at night

Accepted Answer

A)  only if we expend energy during the day. 
B)  only if we expend more energy than we consume during the day. 
C)  only if we do not sleep during the day. 
D)  regardless of what we do during the day. 
E)  only if we eat three times per day. 
A)  only if we expend energy during the day. 
B)  only if we expend more energy than we consume during the day. 
C)  only if we do not sleep during the day. 
D)  regardless of what we do during the day. 
E)  only if we eat three times per day.

Question 8

The stage of sleep EEG that follows the second bout of stage 2 sleep during a normal night's sleep is

Accepted Answer

A)  emergent stage 3. 
B)  initial stage 1. 
C)  emergent stage 1. 
D)  emergent stage 2. 
E)  stage 3. 
A)  emergent stage 3. 
B)  initial stage 1. 
C)  emergent stage 1. 
D)  emergent stage 2. 
E)  stage 3.

Question 9

After an entire week of REM-sleep deprivation, about how many times in one night did volunteers have to be awakened to prevent them from experiencing bouts of REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  5 
C)  17 
D)  25 
E)  67 
A)  0 
B)  5 
C)  17 
D)  25 
E)  67

Question 10

Interest in the efficiency of polyphasic sleep was stimulated by stories of

Accepted Answer

A)  Leonardo da Vinci. 
B)  Michelangelo. 
C)  Titian. 
D)  Hebb. 
E)  Picasso. 
A)  Leonardo da Vinci. 
B)  Michelangelo. 
C)  Titian. 
D)  Hebb. 
E)  Picasso.

Question 11

Describe three major discoveries about circadian rhythms.Explain why these particular discoveries are so important?

Accepted Answer

75% for describing three impor

Question 12

Clock is a circadian gene; it was discovered in

Accepted Answer

A)  mice. 
B)  sunflowers. 
C)  dogs. 
D)  humans. 
E)  monkeys. 
A)  mice. 
B)  sunflowers. 
C)  dogs. 
D)  humans. 
E)  monkeys.

Question 13

Studies of encephalitis lethargica suggested that the

Accepted Answer

A)  the anterior hypothalamus promotes sleep. 
B)  posterior hypothalamus promotes wakefulness. 
C)  basal forebrain promotes REM sleep. 
D)  basal forebrain inhibits REM sleep. 
E)  both A and B 
A)  the anterior hypothalamus promotes sleep. 
B)  posterior hypothalamus promotes wakefulness. 
C)  basal forebrain promotes REM sleep. 
D)  basal forebrain inhibits REM sleep. 
E)  both A and B

Question 14

Some antidepressant drugs can block __________ sleep for months at a time without having obvious related adverse effects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some antidepressant drugs can block __________ sleep...

Question 15

A large group of patients who sought treatment for insomnia were found in one study to sleep __________ hours per night.

Accepted Answer

A)  2.5 
B)  3.5 
C)  4.5 
D)  5.5 
E)  6.5 
A)  2.5 
B)  3.5 
C)  4.5 
D)  5.5 
E)  6.5

Question 16

The finding that sleep becomes more efficient in people who regularly sleep less is a key finding because it indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep-deprivation studies can indicate how much sleep people need only if the volunteers who are being studied are efficient sleepers. 
B)  sleep is a positive incentive. 
C)  sleep can be made more efficient by reinforcements and punishments. 
D)  only circadian theories can account for the negative effects of sleep deprivation. 
E)  sleep can be conditioned. 
A)  sleep-deprivation studies can indicate how much sleep people need only if the volunteers who are being studied are efficient sleepers. 
B)  sleep is a positive incentive. 
C)  sleep can be made more efficient by reinforcements and punishments. 
D)  only circadian theories can account for the negative effects of sleep deprivation. 
E)  sleep can be conditioned.

Question 17

The cortical EEG of cerveau isolé cats is indicative of

Accepted Answer

A)  almost continuous SWS. 
B)  almost continuous REM sleep. 
C)  alternating periods of SWS and REM sleep. 
D)  alternating periods of sleep and wakefulness. 
E)  the arousing effects of reticular formation damage. 
A)  almost continuous SWS. 
B)  almost continuous REM sleep. 
C)  alternating periods of SWS and REM sleep. 
D)  alternating periods of sleep and wakefulness. 
E)  the arousing effects of reticular formation damage.

Question 18

The association of REM sleep and dreaming was discovered in the early 1950s in the laboratory of

Accepted Answer

A)  Siegel. 
B)  Kleitman. 
C)  Mistlberger. 
D)  Meddis. 
E)  Freud. 
A)  Siegel. 
B)  Kleitman. 
C)  Mistlberger. 
D)  Meddis. 
E)  Freud.

Question 19

Injections of the serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan,

Accepted Answer

A)  reverse the insomnia produced in cats or rats by the serotonin antagonist PCPA. 
B)  reverse the sleep increases produced in mice by PCPA. 
C)  are effective in the treatment of human insomnia. 
D)  are effective in the treatment of hypersomnia 
E)  reverse the increases in delta sleep produced in volunteers by sleep reduction. 
A)  reverse the insomnia produced in cats or rats by the serotonin antagonist PCPA. 
B)  reverse the sleep increases produced in mice by PCPA. 
C)  are effective in the treatment of human insomnia. 
D)  are effective in the treatment of hypersomnia 
E)  reverse the increases in delta sleep produced in volunteers by sleep reduction.

Question 20

Neurons of the nucleus magnocellularis

Accepted Answer

A)  normally control muscle relaxation during REM sleep. 
B)  are active during attacks of cataplexy. 
C)  are the only cells of the caudal reticular formation that are not active during epileptic attacks. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both B and C 
A)  normally control muscle relaxation during REM sleep. 
B)  are active during attacks of cataplexy. 
C)  are the only cells of the caudal reticular formation that are not active during epileptic attacks. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both B and C

One of the most important features of sleep is that its efficiency increases in response to

The following is a prediction of many recuperation theories of sleep:

The pineal gland is located on the midline just below the posterior portion of the

It is impossible for a human to stay awake longer than __________ hours without experiencing life-threatening physiological problems.

Melatonin is synthesized from

There are three classes of drugs that influence sleep: hypnotics, antihypnotics, and a third class that

Adaptation theories of sleep assume that we are programmed to sleep at night

The stage of sleep EEG that follows the second bout of stage 2 sleep during a normal night's sleep is

After an entire week of REM-sleep deprivation, about how many times in one night did volunteers have to be awakened to prevent them from experiencing bouts of REM sleep?

Interest in the efficiency of polyphasic sleep was stimulated by stories of

Describe three major discoveries about circadian rhythms.Explain why these particular discoveries are so important?

Clock is a circadian gene; it was discovered in

Studies of encephalitis lethargica suggested that the

Some antidepressant drugs can block __________ sleep for months at a time without having obvious related adverse effects.

A large group of patients who sought treatment for insomnia were found in one study to sleep __________ hours per night.

The finding that sleep becomes more efficient in people who regularly sleep less is a key finding because it indicates that

The cortical EEG of cerveau isolé cats is indicative of

The association of REM sleep and dreaming was discovered in the early 1950s in the laboratory of

Injections of the serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan,

Neurons of the nucleus magnocellularis

Biopsychology As a Neuroscience

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Drug Addiction and the Brains Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

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Exam 14: Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

One of the most important features of sleep is that its efficiency increases in response to

The following is a prediction of many recuperation theories of sleep:

The pineal gland is located on the midline just below the posterior portion of the

It is impossible for a human to stay awake longer than __________ hours without experiencing life-threatening physiological problems.

Melatonin is synthesized from

There are three classes of drugs that influence sleep: hypnotics, antihypnotics, and a third class that

Adaptation theories of sleep assume that we are programmed to sleep at night

The stage of sleep EEG that follows the second bout of stage 2 sleep during a normal night's sleep is

After an entire week of REM-sleep deprivation, about how many times in one night did volunteers have to be awakened to prevent them from experiencing bouts of REM sleep?

Interest in the efficiency of polyphasic sleep was stimulated by stories of

Describe three major discoveries about circadian rhythms.Explain why these particular discoveries are so important?

Clock is a circadian gene; it was discovered in

Studies of encephalitis lethargica suggested that the

Some antidepressant drugs can block __________ sleep for months at a time without having obvious related adverse effects.

A large group of patients who sought treatment for insomnia were found in one study to sleep __________ hours per night.

The finding that sleep becomes more efficient in people who regularly sleep less is a key finding because it indicates that

The cortical EEG of cerveau isolé cats is indicative of

The association of REM sleep and dreaming was discovered in the early 1950s in the laboratory of

Injections of the serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan,

Neurons of the nucleus magnocellularis

Biopsychology As a Neuroscience

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Drug Addiction and the Brains Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters