Question 1

The two most abundant rocks within oceanic crust are ____________ and ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) granite;gabbro 
B) basalt;gabbro 
C) granite;rhyolite 
D) limestone;shale 
A) granite;gabbro 
B) basalt;gabbro 
C) granite;rhyolite 
D) limestone;shale

Question 2

Major oceanic surface currents travel ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) parallel to the prevailing wind direction in the region 
B) in direct opposition to prevailing winds as a result of the Coriolis effect 
C) at an angle to prevailing winds as a result of the Coriolis effect 
D) at an angle to prevailing winds as a result of the Doppler effect 
A) parallel to the prevailing wind direction in the region 
B) in direct opposition to prevailing winds as a result of the Coriolis effect 
C) at an angle to prevailing winds as a result of the Coriolis effect 
D) at an angle to prevailing winds as a result of the Doppler effect

Question 3

Locally tidal reach will be greatest during ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) full or last-quarter moon 
B) full or first-quarter moon 
C) full or new moon 
D) first- or last-quarter moon 
A) full or last-quarter moon 
B) full or first-quarter moon 
C) full or new moon 
D) first- or last-quarter moon

Question 4

Saline ocean water is ____________ than fresh water,and provides ___________ to objects floating in it.

Accepted Answer

A) less dense;more buoyancy 
B) less dense;less buoyancy 
C) more dense;more buoyancy 
D) more dense;less buoyancy 
A) less dense;more buoyancy 
B) less dense;less buoyancy 
C) more dense;more buoyancy 
D) more dense;less buoyancy

Question 5

Which type of coastline usually has a broader continental shelf?

Accepted Answer

A) a passive continental margin 
B) an active continental margin 
A) a passive continental margin 
B) an active continental margin

Question 6

The major oceans,such as the Atlantic,have been present since the Precambrian.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Gyres ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) rotate clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere 
B) rotate counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere 
C) are partially caused by the Coriolis effect 
D) A and C are both correct. 
A) rotate clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere 
B) rotate counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere 
C) are partially caused by the Coriolis effect 
D) A and C are both correct.

Question 8

The oldest oceanic crust is approximately ____________ years old.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 billion 
B) 200 million 
C) 100 million 
D) 50 million 
A) 1 billion 
B) 200 million 
C) 100 million 
D) 50 million

Question 9

The most prominent force inducing tides on Earth is the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) Sun's gravitational pull 
B) Moon's gravitational pull 
C) electromagnetic attraction between the Earth and the Sun 
D) gravitational attraction between ocean waters and the continents on Earth 
A) Sun's gravitational pull 
B) Moon's gravitational pull 
C) electromagnetic attraction between the Earth and the Sun 
D) gravitational attraction between ocean waters and the continents on Earth

Question 10

As waves approach shore in shallow water their speed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) increases 
B) decreases 
A) increases 
B) decreases

Question 11

____________ make up a majority of the ocean floor worldwide.

Accepted Answer

A) Abyssal plains 
B) Continental rises 
C) Continental shelves 
D) Continental slopes 
A) Abyssal plains 
B) Continental rises 
C) Continental shelves 
D) Continental slopes

Question 12

The shallowest portions of ocean found along the margins of continents are the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) abyssal plains 
B) continental rises 
C) continental shelves 
D) continental slopes 
A) abyssal plains 
B) continental rises 
C) continental shelves 
D) continental slopes

Question 13

On a bathymetric map,contour lines connect points of equal ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) surface salinity 
B) surface temperature 
C) temperature at the sea floor 
D) depth of the sea floor below sea level 
A) surface salinity 
B) surface temperature 
C) temperature at the sea floor 
D) depth of the sea floor below sea level

Question 14

Most of the igneous rocks within oceanic abyssal plains are ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) exposed at the surface of the sea floor 
B) covered by sand and gravel introduced by rivers at deltas 
C) covered by clay and the skeletal remains of microplankton 
D) covered by limestones made up of the fragments of large invertebrate shells 
A) exposed at the surface of the sea floor 
B) covered by sand and gravel introduced by rivers at deltas 
C) covered by clay and the skeletal remains of microplankton 
D) covered by limestones made up of the fragments of large invertebrate shells

Question 15

The dissolved cations sodium,potassium,and calcium are ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) introduced to the ocean by volcanic gases coming into solution 
B) emitted at hydrothermal vents in the deep sea 
C) introduced to the ocean by the inflow of rivers 
D) derived by the dissolution of salt deposits on the sea floor 
A) introduced to the ocean by volcanic gases coming into solution 
B) emitted at hydrothermal vents in the deep sea 
C) introduced to the ocean by the inflow of rivers 
D) derived by the dissolution of salt deposits on the sea floor

Question 16

The width of a beach in winter is typically ____________ its width in summer.

Accepted Answer

A) greater than 
B) less than 
C) equal to 
A) greater than 
B) less than 
C) equal to

Question 17

Which statement is NOT true about living coral reefs?

Accepted Answer

A) Coral reefs are generally restricted to water temperatures of 18°C or warmer. 
B) Coral reefs are generally restricted to depths of 60 m below sea level. 
C) The calcite reef skeleton is built by algae. 
D) Algae provide oxygen that a key reef organism uses in order to secrete calcite. 
A) Coral reefs are generally restricted to water temperatures of 18°C or warmer. 
B) Coral reefs are generally restricted to depths of 60 m below sea level. 
C) The calcite reef skeleton is built by algae. 
D) Algae provide oxygen that a key reef organism uses in order to secrete calcite.

Question 18

Water-filled coastal valleys that were excavated by glaciers are termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) deltas 
B) tombolos 
C) fjords 
D) fords 
A) deltas 
B) tombolos 
C) fjords 
D) fords

Question 19

The form and topography (depth profile)of the ocean floor is termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) orogeny 
B) bathymetry 
C) allocthony 
D) aquitopography 
A) orogeny 
B) bathymetry 
C) allocthony 
D) aquitopography

Question 20

Which trench includes the world's deepest sea floor (more than 11 km below sea level)?

Accepted Answer

A) Peru-Chile Trench 
B) Puerto Rican Trench 
C) Marianas Trench 
D) Kamchatka Trench 
A) Peru-Chile Trench 
B) Puerto Rican Trench 
C) Marianas Trench 
D) Kamchatka Trench

Exam 18: Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

The two most abundant rocks within oceanic crust are ____________ and ____________.

Major oceanic surface currents travel ____________.

Locally tidal reach will be greatest during ____________.

Saline ocean water is ____________ than fresh water,and provides ___________ to objects floating in it.

Which type of coastline usually has a broader continental shelf?

The major oceans,such as the Atlantic,have been present since the Precambrian.

Gyres ____________.

The oldest oceanic crust is approximately ____________ years old.

The most prominent force inducing tides on Earth is the ____________.

As waves approach shore in shallow water their speed ____________.

____________ make up a majority of the ocean floor worldwide.

The shallowest portions of ocean found along the margins of continents are the ____________.

On a bathymetric map,contour lines connect points of equal ____________.

Most of the igneous rocks within oceanic abyssal plains are ____________.

The dissolved cations sodium,potassium,and calcium are ____________.

The width of a beach in winter is typically ____________ its width in summer.

Which statement is NOT true about living coral reefs?

Water-filled coastal valleys that were excavated by glaciers are termed ____________.

The form and topography (depth profile)of the ocean floor is termed ____________.

Which trench includes the world's deepest sea floor (more than 11 km below sea level)?

Cosmology and the Birth of Earth

Journey to the Center of the Earth

Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rock

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: A Process of Change

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Cracks, crags, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Squeezing Power From a Stone: Energy Resources

Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: The Geology of Running Water

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

An Envelope of Gas: Earths Atmosphere and Climate

Dry Settings: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Filters

The two most abundant rocks within oceanic crust are and .

Saline ocean water is __ than fresh water,and provides _ to objects floating in it.