Question 1

Although glaciers advanced no farther south than the midwestern states during the Pleistocene,periglacial loess was blown deep into the southeastern states.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Glacial ice exhibits ____________ behavior near the top,but ____________ behavior beneath a depth of 60 m.

Accepted Answer

A) brittle;ductile 
B) ductile;brittle 
C) solid;liquid 
D) plastic;elastic 
A) brittle;ductile 
B) ductile;brittle 
C) solid;liquid 
D) plastic;elastic A

Question 3

A glacier will always advance from its source area if the rate of accumulation is greater than the rate of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) subsidence 
B) melting 
C) ablation 
D) abrution 
A) subsidence 
B) melting 
C) ablation 
D) abrution C

Question 4

When sea level rises,causing the ocean to fill a glacially carved valley,a ____________ results.

Accepted Answer

A) smorgasbord 
B) tarn 
C) fjord 
D) ford 
A) smorgasbord 
B) tarn 
C) fjord 
D) ford

Question 5

Cirques and horns are features associated with ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) mountain glaciation 
B) continental glaciation 
C) glacial outwash deposits 
D) loess deposits 
A) mountain glaciation 
B) continental glaciation 
C) glacial outwash deposits 
D) loess deposits

Question 6

A hanging valley is formed when a ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) smaller glacially carved valley intersects a larger glacially carved valley 
B) smaller stream-cut valley intersects a larger stream-cut valley 
C) smaller stream-cut valley intersects a larger glacially carved valley 
D) stream-cut valley is on the upthrust side of a normal fault 
A) smaller glacially carved valley intersects a larger glacially carved valley 
B) smaller stream-cut valley intersects a larger stream-cut valley 
C) smaller stream-cut valley intersects a larger glacially carved valley 
D) stream-cut valley is on the upthrust side of a normal fault

Question 7

A lake that forms within a bowl-shaped depression formed by a mountain glacier is termed a(n)____________.

Accepted Answer

A) arête 
B) cirque 
C) horn 
D) tarn 
A) arête 
B) cirque 
C) horn 
D) tarn

Question 8

The effect of periodic changes in Earth's orbital eccentricity and magnitude and direction (precession)of Earth's axial tilt on the advance and retreat of ice sheets was first proposed by ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) Richter 
B) Milankovitch 
C) Mohorivic 
D) Lyell 
A) Richter 
B) Milankovitch 
C) Mohorivic 
D) Lyell

Question 9

An important long-term factor determining whether glacial ice will form on the continents has likely been the proportion of which gas in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen 
B) nitrogen 
C) carbon dioxide 
D) carbon monoxide 
A) oxygen 
B) nitrogen 
C) carbon dioxide 
D) carbon monoxide

Question 10

The current interglacial interval began a little more than ____________ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) 1,000 
B) 10,000 
C) 100,000 
D) 1 million 
A) 1,000 
B) 10,000 
C) 100,000 
D) 1 million

Question 11

Mars has polar ice caps that differ from the Earth's Antarctic ice cap in that ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) the Martian caps consist of a combination of water ice and frozen carbon dioxide (dry ice) 
B) the Martian caps have a spiral fracture pattern not found in Antarctica 
C) Martian caps are ablated by sublimation only;there is currently no liquid water on Mars 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) the Martian caps consist of a combination of water ice and frozen carbon dioxide (dry ice) 
B) the Martian caps have a spiral fracture pattern not found in Antarctica 
C) Martian caps are ablated by sublimation only;there is currently no liquid water on Mars 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 12

The first scientist to theorize the past presence of glaciers in Europe was ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) Isaac Newton 
B) Charles Darwin 
C) Walter Alvarez 
D) Louis Agassiz 
A) Isaac Newton 
B) Charles Darwin 
C) Walter Alvarez 
D) Louis Agassiz

Question 13

Ice is a substance with a high albedo,which means it ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) requires much heat to raise its temperature by 1°C 
B) absorbs most of the light that falls on it 
C) reflects most of the light that falls on it 
D) strongly refracts the light that falls on it 
A) requires much heat to raise its temperature by 1°C 
B) absorbs most of the light that falls on it 
C) reflects most of the light that falls on it 
D) strongly refracts the light that falls on it

Question 14

Sediments deposited directly by glaciers as they melt are termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) firn 
B) loess 
C) outwash 
D) till 
A) firn 
B) loess 
C) outwash 
D) till

Question 15

An angular peak surrounded by three or more bowl-shaped depressions formed by a mountain glacier is termed a(n)____________.

Accepted Answer

A) arête 
B) cirque 
C) horn 
D) tarn 
A) arête 
B) cirque 
C) horn 
D) tarn

Question 16

Given the modern continental configuration,it is much easier for large continental ice sheets to become established in the ____________ Hemisphere than in the ____________ Hemisphere.

Accepted Answer

A) eastern;western 
B) western;eastern 
C) northern;southern 
D) southern;northern 
A) eastern;western 
B) western;eastern 
C) northern;southern 
D) southern;northern

Question 17

Sediments deposited directly by glaciers as they melt are characterized by ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) uniformly coarse grain size 
B) uniformly fine grain size 
C) an absence of sorting 
D) graded bedding 
A) uniformly coarse grain size 
B) uniformly fine grain size 
C) an absence of sorting 
D) graded bedding

Question 18

Wind blows finer particles long distances from glacial environments,where they settle out to form ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) firn 
B) loess 
C) outwash 
D) till 
A) firn 
B) loess 
C) outwash 
D) till

Question 19

Cape Cod,Massachusetts,and Long Island,New York,are both examples of Pleistocene glacial ____________ that have been further built up by wave-deposited sands.

Accepted Answer

A) drumlins 
B) kettles 
C) eskers 
D) end moraines 
A) drumlins 
B) kettles 
C) eskers 
D) end moraines

Question 20

Stratified sorted sand and gravel are deposited by ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) mountain glaciers 
B) continental glaciers 
C) glacial outwash streams 
D) wind 
A) mountain glaciers 
B) continental glaciers 
C) glacial outwash streams 
D) wind

Exam 22: Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Although glaciers advanced no farther south than the midwestern states during the Pleistocene,periglacial loess was blown deep into the southeastern states.

Glacial ice exhibits ____________ behavior near the top,but ____________ behavior beneath a depth of 60 m.

A glacier will always advance from its source area if the rate of accumulation is greater than the rate of ____________.

When sea level rises,causing the ocean to fill a glacially carved valley,a ____________ results.

Cirques and horns are features associated with ____________.

A hanging valley is formed when a ____________.

A lake that forms within a bowl-shaped depression formed by a mountain glacier is termed a(n)____________.

The effect of periodic changes in Earth's orbital eccentricity and magnitude and direction (precession)of Earth's axial tilt on the advance and retreat of ice sheets was first proposed by ____________.

An important long-term factor determining whether glacial ice will form on the continents has likely been the proportion of which gas in the atmosphere?

The current interglacial interval began a little more than ____________ years ago.

Mars has polar ice caps that differ from the Earth's Antarctic ice cap in that ____________.

The first scientist to theorize the past presence of glaciers in Europe was ____________.

Ice is a substance with a high albedo,which means it ____________.

Sediments deposited directly by glaciers as they melt are termed ____________.

An angular peak surrounded by three or more bowl-shaped depressions formed by a mountain glacier is termed a(n)____________.

Given the modern continental configuration,it is much easier for large continental ice sheets to become established in the ____________ Hemisphere than in the ____________ Hemisphere.

Sediments deposited directly by glaciers as they melt are characterized by ____________.

Wind blows finer particles long distances from glacial environments,where they settle out to form ____________.

Cape Cod,Massachusetts,and Long Island,New York,are both examples of Pleistocene glacial ____________ that have been further built up by wave-deposited sands.

Stratified sorted sand and gravel are deposited by ____________.

Cosmology and the Birth of Earth

Journey to the Center of the Earth

Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rock

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: A Process of Change

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Cracks, crags, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Squeezing Power From a Stone: Energy Resources

Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: The Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

An Envelope of Gas: Earths Atmosphere and Climate

Dry Settings: the Geology of Deserts

Global Change in the Earth System

Filters

Glacial ice exhibits behavior near the top,but behavior beneath a depth of 60 m.

Given the modern continental configuration,it is much easier for large continental ice sheets to become established in the Hemisphere than in the Hemisphere.