Question 1

Consult the figure below.Breccia and conglomerate most likely formed from deposits in a ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) dessert 
B) lake 
C) mountain stream 
A) dessert 
B) lake 
C) mountain stream C

Question 2

The breakdown of exposed rock into small fragments and dissolved ions is termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) deposition 
B) erosion 
C) weathering 
A) deposition 
B) erosion 
C) weathering C

Question 3

Consult the figure below.Graded beds tell a geologist that a _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) turbidity current deposited these beds,depositing finer material first 
B) turbidity current deposited these beds,depositing coarser material first 
C) slurry deposited these beds with little sorting 
D) density current deposited these beds,depositing coarser material first 
A) turbidity current deposited these beds,depositing finer material first 
B) turbidity current deposited these beds,depositing coarser material first 
C) slurry deposited these beds with little sorting 
D) density current deposited these beds,depositing coarser material first B

Question 4

Clastic sedimentary rocks are primarily classified on the basis of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) grain size 
B) degree of sorting 
C) angularity 
D) mineral composition 
A) grain size 
B) degree of sorting 
C) angularity 
D) mineral composition

Question 5

Sea level rises locally,and marine sediments are deposited on top of terrestrial sediments during events termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) regressions 
B) transgressions 
C) divarications 
A) regressions 
B) transgressions 
C) divarications

Question 6

Consult the figure below.Limestone is most likely formed in which of the following environments?

Accepted Answer

A) shallow-marine clastic 
B) shallow-marine carbonate 
C) marine delta 
D) deep marine 
A) shallow-marine clastic 
B) shallow-marine carbonate 
C) marine delta 
D) deep marine

Question 7

Consult the figure below.The difference between breccia and conglomerate is that conglomerate ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) is finer grained than breccia 
B) is coarser grained than breccia 
C) possesses more angular grains than breccia 
D) possesses more rounded grains than breccia 
A) is finer grained than breccia 
B) is coarser grained than breccia 
C) possesses more angular grains than breccia 
D) possesses more rounded grains than breccia

Question 8

If water is the transport mechanism of sediment,the grain size of sedimentary deposits most closely indicates the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) geographic extent of the weathering source rock at outcrop 
B) average velocity of the water from the time of erosion until deposition 
C) velocity of the water at the moment the sediment settled to the bottom 
A) geographic extent of the weathering source rock at outcrop 
B) average velocity of the water from the time of erosion until deposition 
C) velocity of the water at the moment the sediment settled to the bottom

Question 9

Ripples,dunes,and cross bedding are sedimentary structures that can be used to determine _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) wind direction 
B) current direction 
C) past environments 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) wind direction 
B) current direction 
C) past environments 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 10

What type of sediment is found in lake bottoms?

Accepted Answer

A) gravel 
B) sand 
C) silt 
D) clay 
A) gravel 
B) sand 
C) silt 
D) clay

Question 11

What effect would plants have on a sand dune environment?

Accepted Answer

A) encourage sand movement 
B) deter sand movement 
C) Plants have no effect on a sand dune environment. 
A) encourage sand movement 
B) deter sand movement 
C) Plants have no effect on a sand dune environment.

Question 12

Waves cause beach sand to be ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) well rounded 
B) poorly sorted 
C) well sorted 
D) A and B are both correct. 
E)  A and C are both correct. 
A) well rounded 
B) poorly sorted 
C) well sorted 
D) A and B are both correct. 
E)  A and C are both correct.

Question 13

The majority of the rocks that occur at the surface of Earth are ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) intrusive igneous rocks 
B) extrusive igneous rocks 
C) sedimentary rocks 
D) metamorphic rocks 
A) intrusive igneous rocks 
B) extrusive igneous rocks 
C) sedimentary rocks 
D) metamorphic rocks

Question 14

What is the difference between the formations of chalk versus chert?

Accepted Answer

A) depositional environment 
B) source material 
C) A and B are correct. 
D) None of the above are correct. 
A) depositional environment 
B) source material 
C) A and B are correct. 
D) None of the above are correct.

Question 15

What causes the formation of an alluvial fan?

Accepted Answer

A) load capacity 
B) friction 
C) decreased velocity 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) load capacity 
B) friction 
C) decreased velocity 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 16

The removal of detritus from weathered rock at an outcrop is termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) deposition 
B) erosion 
C) weathering 
A) deposition 
B) erosion 
C) weathering

Question 17

Geologists call individual layers of sedimentary rocks _____________ ,whereas several of them together are called ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) beds;strata 
B) strata;beds 
A) beds;strata 
B) strata;beds

Question 18

Which transport medium carries the largest particles?

Accepted Answer

A) ice 
B) water 
C) wind 
A) ice 
B) water 
C) wind

Question 19

Consult the figure below.Distinct internal laminations that are inclined at an angle to the boundary of the main sedimentary layer are called ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) graded beds 
B) cross beds 
C) horizontal beds 
A) graded beds 
B) cross beds 
C) horizontal beds

Question 20

Swamps,channels,floodplains,and submarine slopes all play a role in the development of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) deltas 
B) marine deltas 
C) alluvial fans 
A) deltas 
B) marine deltas 
C) alluvial fans

Exam 7: Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Consult the figure below.Breccia and conglomerate most likely formed from deposits in a ______________.

The breakdown of exposed rock into small fragments and dissolved ions is termed ____________.

Consult the figure below.Graded beds tell a geologist that a _____________.

Clastic sedimentary rocks are primarily classified on the basis of ____________.

Sea level rises locally,and marine sediments are deposited on top of terrestrial sediments during events termed ____________.

Consult the figure below.Limestone is most likely formed in which of the following environments?

Consult the figure below.The difference between breccia and conglomerate is that conglomerate ____________.

If water is the transport mechanism of sediment,the grain size of sedimentary deposits most closely indicates the ____________.

Ripples,dunes,and cross bedding are sedimentary structures that can be used to determine _____________.

What type of sediment is found in lake bottoms?

What effect would plants have on a sand dune environment?

Waves cause beach sand to be ____________.

The majority of the rocks that occur at the surface of Earth are ____________.

What is the difference between the formations of chalk versus chert?

What causes the formation of an alluvial fan?

The removal of detritus from weathered rock at an outcrop is termed ____________.

Geologists call individual layers of sedimentary rocks _____________ ,whereas several of them together are called ____________.

Which transport medium carries the largest particles?

Consult the figure below.Distinct internal laminations that are inclined at an angle to the boundary of the main sedimentary layer are called ___________.

Swamps,channels,floodplains,and submarine slopes all play a role in the development of ____________.

Cosmology and the Birth of Earth

Journey to the Center of the Earth

Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rock

Metamorphism: A Process of Change

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Cracks, crags, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Squeezing Power From a Stone: Energy Resources

Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: The Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

An Envelope of Gas: Earths Atmosphere and Climate

Dry Settings: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Filters

Geologists call individual layers of sedimentary rocks _ ,whereas several of them together are called .