Question 1

It is unusual for ____________ to carry grains larger than sand.

Accepted Answer

A) ice 
B) water 
C) wind 
A) ice 
B) water 
C) wind

Question 2

Physical precipitation of gypsum due to evaporation of seawater produces which kind of sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

A) biochemical 
B) chemical 
C) clastic 
D) organic 
A) biochemical 
B) chemical 
C) clastic 
D) organic

Question 3

Two major sources of energy,coal and oil shale,are considered ____________ sedimentary rocks.

Accepted Answer

A) clastic 
B) biochemical 
C) organic 
D) chemical 
A) clastic 
B) biochemical 
C) organic 
D) chemical

Question 4

As compared to arkose,quartz sandstone ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) is more mature 
B) does not contain significant amounts of feldspar 
C) is likely to be found farther away from weathering granitic source rock 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) is more mature 
B) does not contain significant amounts of feldspar 
C) is likely to be found farther away from weathering granitic source rock 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 5

Similar sediment and depositional thickness can be found in all sedimentary basins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Stratification refers to ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) the development of layering within sedimentary rocks 
B) the act of deposition of sediment that will ultimately form sedimentary rock 
C) physical and chemical alterations,including compaction and cementation,that occur as sediment is transformed into rock 
A) the development of layering within sedimentary rocks 
B) the act of deposition of sediment that will ultimately form sedimentary rock 
C) physical and chemical alterations,including compaction and cementation,that occur as sediment is transformed into rock

Question 7

Death Valley,part of the Basin and Range Province,has been sinking due to the weight of continuously accumulating sediment shed from the Black and Panamit Mountains that border the valley.What phenomenon is this an example of and what depositional environment is created by the sediment deposition?

Accepted Answer

A) regression and deltas 
B) subsidence and deltas 
C) regression and alluvial fans 
D) subsidence and alluvial fans 
A) regression and deltas 
B) subsidence and deltas 
C) regression and alluvial fans 
D) subsidence and alluvial fans

Question 8

Chemical and biochemical rocks are classified primarily on the basis of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) grain size 
B) degree of sorting 
C) angularity 
D) mineral composition 
A) grain size 
B) degree of sorting 
C) angularity 
D) mineral composition

Question 9

Biochemical limestones are dominated by carbonate mud and fragments of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) siliceous shells of planktonic diatoms and foraminifera 
B) calcitic and aragonitic skeletons of marine invertebrates 
C) the phosphatic bones of fish 
D) the organic breakdown products of wood from trees 
A) siliceous shells of planktonic diatoms and foraminifera 
B) calcitic and aragonitic skeletons of marine invertebrates 
C) the phosphatic bones of fish 
D) the organic breakdown products of wood from trees

Question 10

A fine-grained clastic rock that splits into thin sheets is ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) mudstone 
B) shale 
C) sandstone 
D) arkose 
A) mudstone 
B) shale 
C) sandstone 
D) arkose

Question 11

As compared with metamorphism,diagenesis ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) means exactly the same thing 
B) takes place at lower temperatures and pressures 
C) takes place at higher temperatures and pressures 
D) takes place at greater depths that are well within the mantle 
A) means exactly the same thing 
B) takes place at lower temperatures and pressures 
C) takes place at higher temperatures and pressures 
D) takes place at greater depths that are well within the mantle

Question 12

Because the velocity of sediment settling (deposition)is positively related to grain size for waterborne sediments,fluvial deposits are more likely than glacial deposits to ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) be well sorted 
B) include coarse grains,such as cobbles 
C) include fine grains,such as clay 
D) have angular grains 
A) be well sorted 
B) include coarse grains,such as cobbles 
C) include fine grains,such as clay 
D) have angular grains

Question 13

Sedimentary deposition is a continuous process: rivers,lakes,and the ocean deposit sediments nonstop at a fairly constant rate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Diagenesis requires ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) deep burial 
B) high temperatures and pressures 
C) warm groundwater 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) deep burial 
B) high temperatures and pressures 
C) warm groundwater 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 15

Lithified detritus (breakdown products of preexisting rocks)forms which kind of sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

A) biochemical 
B) chemical 
C) clastic 
D) organic 
A) biochemical 
B) chemical 
C) clastic 
D) organic

Question 16

Pulling a block of clay apart,resulting in the middle portion thinning and sinking,is an adequate analogy for ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) passive margins and subsidence 
B) foreland basins and diagenesis 
C) rift basins and subsidence 
D) intercontinental basins and diagenesis 
A) passive margins and subsidence 
B) foreland basins and diagenesis 
C) rift basins and subsidence 
D) intercontinental basins and diagenesis

Question 17

Which environment would most likely produce sedimentary deposits characterized by very well-sorted,very well-rounded grains that are nearly pure quartz?

Accepted Answer

A) river 
B) glacier 
C) beach 
D) alluvial fan 
A) river 
B) glacier 
C) beach 
D) alluvial fan

Question 18

Chemical weathering takes place most rapidly in environments that are ____________ and ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) cool;dry 
B) cool;wet 
C) warm;dry 
D) warm;wet 
A) cool;dry 
B) cool;wet 
C) warm;dry 
D) warm;wet

Question 19

Diagenesis refers to ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) the development of layering within sedimentary rocks 
B) the act of deposition of sediment that will ultimately form sedimentary rock 
C) physical and chemical alterations,including compaction and cementation,that occur as sediment is transformed into rock 
A) the development of layering within sedimentary rocks 
B) the act of deposition of sediment that will ultimately form sedimentary rock 
C) physical and chemical alterations,including compaction and cementation,that occur as sediment is transformed into rock

Question 20

Glacial till is composed of ____________ sized particles.

Accepted Answer

A) clay- to boulder- 
B) mostly boulder- 
C) mostly clay- 
D) mostly sand- 
A) clay- to boulder- 
B) mostly boulder- 
C) mostly clay- 
D) mostly sand-

Exam 7: Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

It is unusual for ____________ to carry grains larger than sand.

Physical precipitation of gypsum due to evaporation of seawater produces which kind of sedimentary rock?

Two major sources of energy,coal and oil shale,are considered ____________ sedimentary rocks.

As compared to arkose,quartz sandstone ____________.

Similar sediment and depositional thickness can be found in all sedimentary basins.

Stratification refers to ____________.

Death Valley,part of the Basin and Range Province,has been sinking due to the weight of continuously accumulating sediment shed from the Black and Panamit Mountains that border the valley.What phenomenon is this an example of and what depositional environment is created by the sediment deposition?

Chemical and biochemical rocks are classified primarily on the basis of ____________.

Biochemical limestones are dominated by carbonate mud and fragments of ____________.

A fine-grained clastic rock that splits into thin sheets is ____________.

As compared with metamorphism,diagenesis ____________.

Because the velocity of sediment settling (deposition)is positively related to grain size for waterborne sediments,fluvial deposits are more likely than glacial deposits to ____________.

Sedimentary deposition is a continuous process: rivers,lakes,and the ocean deposit sediments nonstop at a fairly constant rate.

Diagenesis requires ____________.

Lithified detritus (breakdown products of preexisting rocks)forms which kind of sedimentary rock?

Pulling a block of clay apart,resulting in the middle portion thinning and sinking,is an adequate analogy for ___________.

Which environment would most likely produce sedimentary deposits characterized by very well-sorted,very well-rounded grains that are nearly pure quartz?

Chemical weathering takes place most rapidly in environments that are ____________ and ____________.

Diagenesis refers to ____________.

Glacial till is composed of ____________ sized particles.

Cosmology and the Birth of Earth

Journey to the Center of the Earth

Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rock

Metamorphism: A Process of Change

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Cracks, crags, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Squeezing Power From a Stone: Energy Resources

Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: The Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

An Envelope of Gas: Earths Atmosphere and Climate

Dry Settings: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Filters

Chemical weathering takes place most rapidly in environments that are and .