Question 1

The structure pedicle is labeled _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The structure pedicle is labeled _____. ...

Question 2

The structure anterior arch of the atlas is labeled _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The structure anterior arch of the atlas...

Question 3

A patient enters the ED with a cervical spine injury as a result of a fall.The initial horizontal beam lateral projection reveals no subluxation or fracture.The ED physician is concerned about a whiplash injury.Which of the following routines would be most helpful in diagnosing this type of injury?

Accepted Answer

A) Patient in the swimmer's lateral position 
B) Oblique projections of the cervical spine 
C) Patient in hyperflexion and hyperextension lateral positions 
D) AP Ottonello method 
A) Patient in the swimmer's lateral position 
B) Oblique projections of the cervical spine 
C) Patient in hyperflexion and hyperextension lateral positions 
D) AP Ottonello method

Question 4

Scoliosis is defined as an abnormal or exaggerated _____ curvature.

Accepted Answer

A) concave 
B) convex 
C) lateral 
D) "swayback" lumbar 
A) concave 
B) convex 
C) lateral 
D) "swayback" lumbar

Question 5

On average, how many separate bones make up the adult vertebral column?

Accepted Answer

A) 33 
B) 28 
C) 26 
D) 31 
A) 33 
B) 28 
C) 26 
D) 31

Question 6

A radiograph of a lateral thoracic spine reveals that there is excessive density along the posterior aspect of the spine.Even with good collimation, the scatter radiation reaching the image receptor obscures the spinous processes.What can the technologist do to improve the visibility of the posterior elements of the spine?

Accepted Answer

A) Use higher-speed screens and film. 
B) Increase the kV, lower the mAs. 
C) Use a higher-ratio grid. 
D) Place a lead mat on the tabletop just posterior to the patient. 
A) Use higher-speed screens and film. 
B) Increase the kV, lower the mAs. 
C) Use a higher-ratio grid. 
D) Place a lead mat on the tabletop just posterior to the patient.

Question 7

The joints between articular processes of vertebra are termed _____ joints.

Accepted Answer

A) zygapophyseal 
B) fibrous 
C) intervertebral 
D) synarthrodial 
A) zygapophyseal 
B) fibrous 
C) intervertebral 
D) synarthrodial

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true for a typical adult vertebra?

Accepted Answer

A) The transverse processes extend laterally from the junction of the pedicles and laminae. 
B) The transverse processes are present only on thoracic vertebrae containing rib connections. 
C) The spinous process extends posteriorly from the body of the vertebra. 
D) All of the above are true statements. 
A) The transverse processes extend laterally from the junction of the pedicles and laminae. 
B) The transverse processes are present only on thoracic vertebrae containing rib connections. 
C) The spinous process extends posteriorly from the body of the vertebra. 
D) All of the above are true statements.

Question 9

The bony structures connected directly to the vertebral body are the:

Accepted Answer

A) pedicles. 
B) articular processes. 
C) laminae. 
D) transverse processes. 
A) pedicles. 
B) articular processes. 
C) laminae. 
D) transverse processes.

Question 10

What is the recommended kV range for thoracic spine projections when using digital systems?

Accepted Answer

A) 70 to 80 kV 
B) 60 to 70 kV 
C) 75 to 85 kV 
D) 110 to 120 kV 
A) 70 to 80 kV 
B) 60 to 70 kV 
C) 75 to 85 kV 
D) 110 to 120 kV

Question 11

The chin is extended for a lateral projection of the cervical spine to:

Accepted Answer

A) open up the C1-2 joint space. 
B) demonstrate the articular pillars. 
C) open up the intervertebral joint space. 
D) prevent superimposition of the mandible upon the spine. 
A) open up the C1-2 joint space. 
B) demonstrate the articular pillars. 
C) open up the intervertebral joint space. 
D) prevent superimposition of the mandible upon the spine.

Question 12

Which position or projection of the cervical spine will best demonstrate the zygapophyseal joint spaces between C1 and C2?

Accepted Answer

A) Anteroposterior (AP) axial 
B) Lateral 
C) 45° posterior or anterior oblique 
D) AP open mouth 
A) Anteroposterior (AP) axial 
B) Lateral 
C) 45° posterior or anterior oblique 
D) AP open mouth

Question 13

The posterior cervical oblique projections demonstrate the intervertebral foramina and pedicles on the side closest to the image receptor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

How much rotation of the body is required for an LAO projection of the thoracic spine (from the plane of the table)?

Accepted Answer

A) 20° 
B) 45° 
C) 50° to 60° 
D) 70° 
A) 20° 
B) 45° 
C) 50° to 60° 
D) 70°

Question 15

Which of the following positions will demonstrate the left intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine?

Accepted Answer

A) RAO 
B) Left posterior oblique (LPO) 
C) Lateral 
D) LAO 
A) RAO 
B) Left posterior oblique (LPO) 
C) Lateral 
D) LAO

Question 16

Another term for a breathing technique during exposure is the orthostatic technique.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A radiograph of a lateral projection (nontrauma) of the cervical spine reveals that the ramus of the mandible is superimposed over the spine.What could the technologist have done to prevent this?

Accepted Answer

A) Elevate the chin to place the acanthiomeatal line (AML) parallel with the floor. 
B) Rotate the skull 20° to 30° toward the IR. 
C) Angle the CR 3° to 5° caudad. 
D) Have the patient hold 5 to 10 lb in each hand. 
A) Elevate the chin to place the acanthiomeatal line (AML) parallel with the floor. 
B) Rotate the skull 20° to 30° toward the IR. 
C) Angle the CR 3° to 5° caudad. 
D) Have the patient hold 5 to 10 lb in each hand.

Question 18

A patient comes to the radiology department for a cervical spine routine.The study is ordered for nontraumatic reasons.The AP open-mouth projection reveals that the base of the skull and upper incisors are superimposed, but they are obscuring the upper portion of the dens.On the repeat exposure, what should the technologist do to demonstrate the upper portion of the dens?

Accepted Answer

A) Increase the flexion of the skull. 
B) Increase the extension of the skull. 
C) Perform the Fuchs or Judd method. 
D) Perform the AP chewing projection. 
A) Increase the flexion of the skull. 
B) Increase the extension of the skull. 
C) Perform the Fuchs or Judd method. 
D) Perform the AP chewing projection.

Question 19

A radiograph of an AP thoracic spine projection reveals that the upper thoracic spine is overexposed.The lower vertebrae have acceptable density and contrast.Which one of the following modifications will improve the visibility of the upper thoracic spine?

Accepted Answer

A) Place the upper spine under the cathode side of the tube. 
B) Use a compensating (wedge) filter. 
C) Increase the kV to decrease the contrast of the upper spine. 
D) Use a breathing technique. 
A) Place the upper spine under the cathode side of the tube. 
B) Use a compensating (wedge) filter. 
C) Increase the kV to decrease the contrast of the upper spine. 
D) Use a breathing technique.

Question 20

T2-3 intervertebral disk space is found:

Accepted Answer

A) at the level of the jugular notch. 
B) at the level of the sternal angle. 
C) at the level of the xiphoid process. 
D) 2 inches (5 cm) below the jugular notch. 
A) at the level of the jugular notch. 
B) at the level of the sternal angle. 
C) at the level of the xiphoid process. 
D) 2 inches (5 cm) below the jugular notch.

The structure pedicle is labeled _____.

The structure anterior arch of the atlas is labeled _____.

A patient enters the ED with a cervical spine injury as a result of a fall.The initial horizontal beam lateral projection reveals no subluxation or fracture.The ED physician is concerned about a whiplash injury.Which of the following routines would be most helpful in diagnosing this type of injury?

Scoliosis is defined as an abnormal or exaggerated _____ curvature.

On average, how many separate bones make up the adult vertebral column?

The joints between articular processes of vertebra are termed _____ joints.

Which of the following statements is true for a typical adult vertebra?

The bony structures connected directly to the vertebral body are the:

What is the recommended kV range for thoracic spine projections when using digital systems?

The chin is extended for a lateral projection of the cervical spine to:

Which position or projection of the cervical spine will best demonstrate the zygapophyseal joint spaces between C1 and C2?

The posterior cervical oblique projections demonstrate the intervertebral foramina and pedicles on the side closest to the image receptor.

How much rotation of the body is required for an LAO projection of the thoracic spine (from the plane of the table)?

Which of the following positions will demonstrate the left intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine?

Another term for a breathing technique during exposure is the orthostatic technique.

A radiograph of a lateral projection (nontrauma) of the cervical spine reveals that the ramus of the mandible is superimposed over the spine.What could the technologist have done to prevent this?

A radiograph of an AP thoracic spine projection reveals that the upper thoracic spine is overexposed.The lower vertebrae have acceptable density and contrast.Which one of the following modifications will improve the visibility of the upper thoracic spine?

T2-3 intervertebral disk space is found:

Terminology, Positioning, and Imaging Principles

Chest

Abdomen

Upper Limb

Humerus and Shoulder Girdle

Lower Limb

Femur and Pelvic Girdle

Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, and Coccyx

Bony Thoraxsternum and Ribs

Cranium, Facial Bones, and Paranasal Sinuses

Biliary Tract and Upper Gastrointestinal System

Lower Gi System

Urinary System and Venipuncture

Trauma, Mobile, and Surgical Radiography

Pediatric Radiography

Angiography and Interventional Procedures

Computed Tomography

Special Radiographic Procedures

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modalities

Filters

Exam 8: Cervical and Thoracic Spine

The structure pedicle is labeled _____.

The structure anterior arch of the atlas is labeled _____.

A patient enters the ED with a cervical spine injury as a result of a fall.The initial horizontal beam lateral projection reveals no subluxation or fracture.The ED physician is concerned about a whiplash injury.Which of the following routines would be most helpful in diagnosing this type of injury?

Scoliosis is defined as an abnormal or exaggerated _____ curvature.

On average, how many separate bones make up the adult vertebral column?

The joints between articular processes of vertebra are termed _____ joints.

Which of the following statements is true for a typical adult vertebra?

The bony structures connected directly to the vertebral body are the:

What is the recommended kV range for thoracic spine projections when using digital systems?

The chin is extended for a lateral projection of the cervical spine to:

Which position or projection of the cervical spine will best demonstrate the zygapophyseal joint spaces between C1 and C2?

The posterior cervical oblique projections demonstrate the intervertebral foramina and pedicles on the side closest to the image receptor.

How much rotation of the body is required for an LAO projection of the thoracic spine (from the plane of the table)?

Which of the following positions will demonstrate the left intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine?

Another term for a breathing technique during exposure is the orthostatic technique.

A radiograph of a lateral projection (nontrauma) of the cervical spine reveals that the ramus of the mandible is superimposed over the spine.What could the technologist have done to prevent this?

A radiograph of an AP thoracic spine projection reveals that the upper thoracic spine is overexposed.The lower vertebrae have acceptable density and contrast.Which one of the following modifications will improve the visibility of the upper thoracic spine?

T2-3 intervertebral disk space is found:

Terminology, Positioning, and Imaging Principles

Chest

Abdomen

Upper Limb

Humerus and Shoulder Girdle

Lower Limb

Femur and Pelvic Girdle

Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, and Coccyx

Bony Thoraxsternum and Ribs

Cranium, Facial Bones, and Paranasal Sinuses

Biliary Tract and Upper Gastrointestinal System

Lower Gi System

Urinary System and Venipuncture

Trauma, Mobile, and Surgical Radiography

Pediatric Radiography

Angiography and Interventional Procedures

Computed Tomography

Special Radiographic Procedures

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modalities

Filters