Question 1

Hormones can operate on the ________ level of organization.

Accepted Answer

A) cellular 
B) tissue 
C) organ 
D) organismic 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) cellular 
B) tissue 
C) organ 
D) organismic 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 2

All of the following are true of the nervous system except that it does not

Accepted Answer

A) respond rapidly to stimuli. 
B) respond specifically to stimuli. 
C) communicate by the release of neurotransmitters. 
D) respond with motor output. 
E) function independently of the endocrine system. 
A) respond rapidly to stimuli. 
B) respond specifically to stimuli. 
C) communicate by the release of neurotransmitters. 
D) respond with motor output. 
E) function independently of the endocrine system.

Question 3

The main action of antidiuretic hormone is

Accepted Answer

A) increased water conservation by kidneys. 
B) to stimulate kidney cells to secrete renin. 
C) increase urine output to remove excess fluid. 
D) increased blood pressure by increased Na+ reabsorption. 
E) inhibition of aldosterone. 
A) increased water conservation by kidneys. 
B) to stimulate kidney cells to secrete renin. 
C) increase urine output to remove excess fluid. 
D) increased blood pressure by increased Na+ reabsorption. 
E) inhibition of aldosterone.

Question 4

The posterior lobe of the pituitary is also known as the

Accepted Answer

A) basal ganglion. 
B) infundibulum. 
C) adenohypophysis. 
D) mesencephalon. 
E) neurohypophysis. 
A) basal ganglion. 
B) infundibulum. 
C) adenohypophysis. 
D) mesencephalon. 
E) neurohypophysis.

Question 5

The pituitary hormone that causes the kidney to reduce water loss is

Accepted Answer

A) TSH. 
B) FSH. 
C) MSH. 
D) STH. 
E) ADH. 
A) TSH. 
B) FSH. 
C) MSH. 
D) STH. 
E) ADH.

Question 6

________ are chemical messengers that are released by cells and transported in the bloodstream to alter the activities of specific cells in other tissues.

Accepted Answer

A) Hormones 
B) Neuropeptides 
C) Neurotransmitters 
D) Humoral antibodies 
E) Antigens 
A) Hormones 
B) Neuropeptides 
C) Neurotransmitters 
D) Humoral antibodies 
E) Antigens

Question 7

The hormone oxytocin

Accepted Answer

A) promotes uterine contractions. 
B) is responsible for milk expression from the mammary glands. 
C) triggers prostate gland contraction. 
D) is produced in the hypothalamus. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) promotes uterine contractions. 
B) is responsible for milk expression from the mammary glands. 
C) triggers prostate gland contraction. 
D) is produced in the hypothalamus. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 8

Which of the following substances activates protein kinases and thus acts as a second messenger?

Accepted Answer

A) insulin 
B) ACTH 
C) epinephrine 
D) cyclic AMP 
E) TSH 
A) insulin 
B) ACTH 
C) epinephrine 
D) cyclic AMP 
E) TSH

Question 9

The hypothalamus acts as both a neural and a(n)________ organ.

Accepted Answer

A) endocrine 
B) cardiovascular 
C) renal 
D) muscular 
E) hepatic 
A) endocrine 
B) cardiovascular 
C) renal 
D) muscular 
E) hepatic

Question 10

After brain surgery,a patient receiving postoperative care in an intensive care unit began to pass large volumes of very dilute urine.The ICU nurse administered a medicine that mimics one of the following hormones.Which one?

Accepted Answer

A) aldosterone 
B) epinephrine 
C) renin 
D) ADH 
E) cortisol 
A) aldosterone 
B) epinephrine 
C) renin 
D) ADH 
E) cortisol

Question 11

Cells in the brain

Accepted Answer

A) can absorb glucose without insulin stimulation. 
B) prefer fats to glucose for energy production. 
C) are sensitive to insulin but not to glucagon. 
D) are very sensitive to low concentrations of insulin. 
E) can store glycogen,to be used later for glucose release. 
A) can absorb glucose without insulin stimulation. 
B) prefer fats to glucose for energy production. 
C) are sensitive to insulin but not to glucagon. 
D) are very sensitive to low concentrations of insulin. 
E) can store glycogen,to be used later for glucose release.

Question 12

The pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is

Accepted Answer

A) TSH. 
B) ACTH. 
C) growth hormone. 
D) FSH. 
E) prolactin. 
A) TSH. 
B) ACTH. 
C) growth hormone. 
D) FSH. 
E) prolactin.

Question 13

Two hormones that have additive effects are called

Accepted Answer

A) antagonists. 
B) agonists. 
C) resistors. 
D) synergists. 
E) adjuvants. 
A) antagonists. 
B) agonists. 
C) resistors. 
D) synergists. 
E) adjuvants.

Question 14

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to fall is

Accepted Answer

A) cortisol. 
B) somatotropin. 
C) insulin. 
D) glucagon. 
E) aldosterone. 
A) cortisol. 
B) somatotropin. 
C) insulin. 
D) glucagon. 
E) aldosterone.

Question 15

Which of the following organs contain target cells for oxytocin?

Accepted Answer

A) prostate 
B) ductus deferens 
C) mammary glands 
D) uterus 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) prostate 
B) ductus deferens 
C) mammary glands 
D) uterus 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 16

The hormone that opposes the release of FSH in both males and females is

Accepted Answer

A) testosterone. 
B) LH. 
C) inhibin. 
D) aldosterone. 
E) somatostatin. 
A) testosterone. 
B) LH. 
C) inhibin. 
D) aldosterone. 
E) somatostatin.

Question 17

Cushing's disease results from an excess of

Accepted Answer

A) growth hormone. 
B) parathyroid hormone. 
C) ADH. 
D) glucocorticoids. 
E) epinephrine. 
A) growth hormone. 
B) parathyroid hormone. 
C) ADH. 
D) glucocorticoids. 
E) epinephrine.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true regarding the parathyroid glands?

Accepted Answer

A) The two glands straddle the larynx in the neck. 
B) The gland sits over the heart. 
C) The parathyroid gland contains the four thyroid glands. 
D) There are four small glands. 
E) None of the answers are correct. 
A) The two glands straddle the larynx in the neck. 
B) The gland sits over the heart. 
C) The parathyroid gland contains the four thyroid glands. 
D) There are four small glands. 
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 19

The ________ gland sits along the superior border of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A) adipose 
B) pineal 
C) androgen 
D) renal 
E) suprarenal 
A) adipose 
B) pineal 
C) androgen 
D) renal 
E) suprarenal

Question 20

Figure 18-1 Pituitary Hormones and Their Targets
Use Figure 18-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the hormone labeled "4."

Accepted Answer

A) thyroid-releasing hormone 
B) thyroid-stimulating hormone 
C) thyroxin 
D) thyrotropin 
E) calcitonin 
A) thyroid-releasing hormone 
B) thyroid-stimulating hormone 
C) thyroxin 
D) thyrotropin 
E) calcitonin

Exam 18: The Endocrine System

Hormones can operate on the ________ level of organization.

All of the following are true of the nervous system except that it does not

The main action of antidiuretic hormone is

The posterior lobe of the pituitary is also known as the

The pituitary hormone that causes the kidney to reduce water loss is

________ are chemical messengers that are released by cells and transported in the bloodstream to alter the activities of specific cells in other tissues.

The hormone oxytocin

Which of the following substances activates protein kinases and thus acts as a second messenger?

The hypothalamus acts as both a neural and a(n)________ organ.

After brain surgery,a patient receiving postoperative care in an intensive care unit began to pass large volumes of very dilute urine.The ICU nurse administered a medicine that mimics one of the following hormones.Which one?

Cells in the brain

The pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is

Two hormones that have additive effects are called

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to fall is

Which of the following organs contain target cells for oxytocin?

The hormone that opposes the release of FSH in both males and females is

Cushing's disease results from an excess of

Which of the following statements is true regarding the parathyroid glands?

The ________ gland sits along the superior border of the kidney.

Figure 18-1 Pituitary Hormones and Their Targets Use Figure 18-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the hormone labeled "4."

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters