Question 1

The beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce

Accepted Answer

A) insulin. 
B) glucagon. 
C) somatostatin. 
D) cortisol. 
E) peptide P. 
A) insulin. 
B) glucagon. 
C) somatostatin. 
D) cortisol. 
E) peptide P.

Question 2

Each of the following is true of the pineal gland except that it

Accepted Answer

A) is a component of the epithalamus. 
B) is a component of the hypothalamus. 
C) secretes melatonin. 
D) contains pinealocytes. 
E) responds to light and darkness. 
A) is a component of the epithalamus. 
B) is a component of the hypothalamus. 
C) secretes melatonin. 
D) contains pinealocytes. 
E) responds to light and darkness.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true about the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

A) The pancreas lies over the top of the stomach. 
B) The sole function of the pancreas is to produce hormones. 
C) The pituitary gland produces stimulating hormones that control the pancreas. 
D) The islets contain a variety of different cells producing different hormones. 
E) The pancreas stores glucose,which can be released into the blood. 
A) The pancreas lies over the top of the stomach. 
B) The sole function of the pancreas is to produce hormones. 
C) The pituitary gland produces stimulating hormones that control the pancreas. 
D) The islets contain a variety of different cells producing different hormones. 
E) The pancreas stores glucose,which can be released into the blood.

Question 4

Hormones from the adrenal cortex that regulate electrolyte balance are

Accepted Answer

A) antidiuretics. 
B) calcitonin and parathyroid hormone. 
C) mineralocorticoids. 
D) androgens. 
E) glucocorticoids. 
A) antidiuretics. 
B) calcitonin and parathyroid hormone. 
C) mineralocorticoids. 
D) androgens. 
E) glucocorticoids.

Question 5

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar to enter its target cells is

Accepted Answer

A) somatotropin. 
B) cortisol. 
C) insulin. 
D) glucagon. 
E) erythropoietin. 
A) somatotropin. 
B) cortisol. 
C) insulin. 
D) glucagon. 
E) erythropoietin.

Question 6

The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes is

Accepted Answer

A) TSH. 
B) ACTH. 
C) FSH. 
D) LH. 
E) GH. 
A) TSH. 
B) ACTH. 
C) FSH. 
D) LH. 
E) GH.

Question 7

Thyroxine and calcitonin are secreted by the

Accepted Answer

A) kidneys. 
B) heart. 
C) thyroid gland. 
D) gonads. 
E) pituitary gland. 
A) kidneys. 
B) heart. 
C) thyroid gland. 
D) gonads. 
E) pituitary gland.

Question 8

The delta cells of the pancreatic islets produce

Accepted Answer

A) insulin. 
B) glucagon. 
C) somatostatin. 
D) cortisol. 
E) peptide P. 
A) insulin. 
B) glucagon. 
C) somatostatin. 
D) cortisol. 
E) peptide P.

Question 9

Which group of hormones cause an anti-inflammatory action?

Accepted Answer

A) thyroglobulins 
B) mineralocorticoids 
C) pancreatic hormones 
D) antidiuretic hormones 
E) glucocorticoids 
A) thyroglobulins 
B) mineralocorticoids 
C) pancreatic hormones 
D) antidiuretic hormones 
E) glucocorticoids

Question 10

Too little secretion of cortisol and aldosterone causes

Accepted Answer

A) goiter. 
B) diabetes mellitus. 
C) diabetes insipidus. 
D) Addison's disease. 
E) Cushing's disease. 
A) goiter. 
B) diabetes mellitus. 
C) diabetes insipidus. 
D) Addison's disease. 
E) Cushing's disease.

Question 11

Liver cells respond to growth hormone by releasing hormones called

Accepted Answer

A) gonadotrophins. 
B) prostaglandins. 
C) hepatic hormones. 
D) somatomedins. 
E) glucocorticoids. 
A) gonadotrophins. 
B) prostaglandins. 
C) hepatic hormones. 
D) somatomedins. 
E) glucocorticoids.

Question 12

Why is it that steroid hormones use receptors inside of target cells,whereas protein,peptide,and amino acid hormones do not?

Accepted Answer

A) Steroids can cross the cell membrane because they are lipids and the membrane is lipid. 
B) Amino acids and peptide hormones do not have a 3 dimensional structure that can bind to internal receptors. 
C) Cells are full of steroid molecules so it is easy for steroid molecules to enter. 
D) The target cells affected by steroid hormones have all of their receptors in the cell cytoplasm. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) Steroids can cross the cell membrane because they are lipids and the membrane is lipid. 
B) Amino acids and peptide hormones do not have a 3 dimensional structure that can bind to internal receptors. 
C) Cells are full of steroid molecules so it is easy for steroid molecules to enter. 
D) The target cells affected by steroid hormones have all of their receptors in the cell cytoplasm. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 13

Damage to cells of the zona fasciculata of the suprarenal cortex would result in

Accepted Answer

A) the loss of axillary and pubic hair. 
B) increased volume of urine formation. 
C) decreased levels of sodium ion in the blood. 
D) decreased ability to convert amino acids to glucose. 
E) increased water retention. 
A) the loss of axillary and pubic hair. 
B) increased volume of urine formation. 
C) decreased levels of sodium ion in the blood. 
D) decreased ability to convert amino acids to glucose. 
E) increased water retention.

Question 14

Figure 18-1 Pituitary Hormones and Their Targets
Use Figure 18-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the hormone labeled " 1."

Accepted Answer

A) mineralocorticoid 
B) cortisol 
C) dopamine 
D) ACTH 
E) aldosterone 
A) mineralocorticoid 
B) cortisol 
C) dopamine 
D) ACTH 
E) aldosterone

Question 15

Why might someone want to take erythropoietin in a non-medical situation?

Accepted Answer

A) to increase muscle mass 
B) to sleep 
C) to increase oxygen-carrying capacity and increase stamina 
D) to increase the chance of getting pregnant 
E) to increase sex drive 
A) to increase muscle mass 
B) to sleep 
C) to increase oxygen-carrying capacity and increase stamina 
D) to increase the chance of getting pregnant 
E) to increase sex drive

Question 16

The link between a first messenger and a second messenger in a cell that responds to peptide hormones is usually

Accepted Answer

A) cAMP. 
B) cGMP. 
C) adenyl cyclase. 
D) a G protein. 
E) calcium ion levels. 
A) cAMP. 
B) cGMP. 
C) adenyl cyclase. 
D) a G protein. 
E) calcium ion levels.

Question 17

A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is

Accepted Answer

A) parathyroid hormone. 
B) thyroxine. 
C) calcitonin. 
D) glucagon. 
E) oxytocin. 
A) parathyroid hormone. 
B) thyroxine. 
C) calcitonin. 
D) glucagon. 
E) oxytocin.

Question 18

The enzyme renin is responsible for the activation of

Accepted Answer

A) angiotensin. 
B) cortisol. 
C) erythropoietin. 
D) atrial natriuretic peptide. 
E) adrenaline. 
A) angiotensin. 
B) cortisol. 
C) erythropoietin. 
D) atrial natriuretic peptide. 
E) adrenaline.

Question 19

Secretory cells of the adenohypophysis release

Accepted Answer

A) FSH. 
B) TSH. 
C) ACTH. 
D) GH. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) FSH. 
B) TSH. 
C) ACTH. 
D) GH. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 20

The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is

Accepted Answer

A) TSH. 
B) ACTH. 
C) FSH. 
D) LH. 
E) GH. 
A) TSH. 
B) ACTH. 
C) FSH. 
D) LH. 
E) GH.

Exam 18: The Endocrine System

The beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce

Each of the following is true of the pineal gland except that it

Which of the following statements is true about the pancreas?

Hormones from the adrenal cortex that regulate electrolyte balance are

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar to enter its target cells is

The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes is

Thyroxine and calcitonin are secreted by the

The delta cells of the pancreatic islets produce

Which group of hormones cause an anti-inflammatory action?

Too little secretion of cortisol and aldosterone causes

Liver cells respond to growth hormone by releasing hormones called

Why is it that steroid hormones use receptors inside of target cells,whereas protein,peptide,and amino acid hormones do not?

Damage to cells of the zona fasciculata of the suprarenal cortex would result in

Figure 18-1 Pituitary Hormones and Their Targets Use Figure 18-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the hormone labeled " 1."

Why might someone want to take erythropoietin in a non-medical situation?

The link between a first messenger and a second messenger in a cell that responds to peptide hormones is usually

A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is

The enzyme renin is responsible for the activation of

Secretory cells of the adenohypophysis release

The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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