Question 1

A fold shaped like an upside-down bowl is a(n)____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anticline 
B)  basin 
C)  dome 
D)  syncline 
A)  anticline 
B)  basin 
C)  dome 
D)  syncline C

Question 2

The distinction between joints and faults is that ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  faults are joints that are greater than one square meter in areal extent 
B)  faults are fractures along which displacement has occurred; displacement does not occur along joints 
C)  joints are fractures along which displacement has occurred; displacement does not occur along faults 
D)  There is no distinction; the two terms are synonymous. 
A)  faults are joints that are greater than one square meter in areal extent 
B)  faults are fractures along which displacement has occurred; displacement does not occur along joints 
C)  joints are fractures along which displacement has occurred; displacement does not occur along faults 
D)  There is no distinction; the two terms are synonymous. B

Question 3

Why do mountains occur in distinctive belts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rifts are linear features. 
B)  Plates move linearly over hot spots. 
C)  The processes that create mountains are linear. 
D)  Both a and c are correct. 
E)  Both b and c are correct. 
A)  Rifts are linear features. 
B)  Plates move linearly over hot spots. 
C)  The processes that create mountains are linear. 
D)  Both a and c are correct. 
E)  Both b and c are correct. D

Question 4

Mountain ranges are associated with modern and ancient convergent-plate boundaries,but do not form in association with either divergent- or transform-plate boundaries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A fold shaped like an right-side-up bowl is a(n)____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anticline 
B)  basin 
C)  dome 
D)  syncline 
A)  anticline 
B)  basin 
C)  dome 
D)  syncline

Question 6

The balance between the weight of a mountain range and the buoyancy provided by the underlying mantle is termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  punctuated equilibrium 
B)  homeostatic equilibrium 
C)  isostatic equilibrium 
D)  osmotic equilibrium 
A)  punctuated equilibrium 
B)  homeostatic equilibrium 
C)  isostatic equilibrium 
D)  osmotic equilibrium

Question 7

A joint always occurs as a single,isolated plane within a rock.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Mountain ranges are important sites for the formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks,but do not have any apparent relationship with the formation of sedimentary rocks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A body of rock to which a sudden,rapid stress has been applied is more likely to exhibit ____________ than is a body of rock subjected to a gradually applied stress.

Accepted Answer

A)  brittle behavior 
B)  ductile behavior 
A)  brittle behavior 
B)  ductile behavior

Question 10

A body of rock affected by compressive stress will likely undergo ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  shortening 
B)  stretching 
C)  shear strain 
A)  shortening 
B)  stretching 
C)  shear strain

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true regarding rock deformation inside the Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heat makes materials harder to deform. 
B)  High pressures make rock act more brittlely. 
C)  A sudden change in shape causes ductile deformation. 
D)  Softer rock types deform ductilely. 
A)  Heat makes materials harder to deform. 
B)  High pressures make rock act more brittlely. 
C)  A sudden change in shape causes ductile deformation. 
D)  Softer rock types deform ductilely.

Question 12

Why are Mt.Everest and the surrounding Himalayan Mountains still growing?

Accepted Answer

A)  They experience no erosion. 
B)  The Indian Plate is still moving. 
C)  India is made of stronger lithosphere than Asia. 
D)  Both a and c are correct. 
E)  Both b and c are correct. 
A)  They experience no erosion. 
B)  The Indian Plate is still moving. 
C)  India is made of stronger lithosphere than Asia. 
D)  Both a and c are correct. 
E)  Both b and c are correct.

Question 13

An episode of mountain building is termed a(n)____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  orogeny 
B)  phylogeny 
C)  aureole 
D)  slickenside 
A)  orogeny 
B)  phylogeny 
C)  aureole 
D)  slickenside

Question 14

A fold shaped like an elongate arch is a(n)____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anticline 
B)  basin 
C)  dome 
D)  syncline 
A)  anticline 
B)  basin 
C)  dome 
D)  syncline

Question 15

Theoretically,there is no reason why mountains substantially taller than Mt.Everest might not one day arise on Earth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following must occur for the elevation of a mountain range to increase over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  There must be an absence of erosion. 
B)  The rate of erosion must be less than the rate of uplift. 
C)  The rate of uplift must be less than the rate of erosion. 
D)  Uplift and erosion must cease, but the asthenosphere must expand. 
A)  There must be an absence of erosion. 
B)  The rate of erosion must be less than the rate of uplift. 
C)  The rate of uplift must be less than the rate of erosion. 
D)  Uplift and erosion must cease, but the asthenosphere must expand.

Question 17

Tectonic foliation,such as elongation of quartz grains,always occurs parallel to the original bedding plane of a body of rock.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Orogenesis (mountain building)leads to the production of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  metamorphic rocks only 
B)  igneous rocks only 
C)  sedimentary rocks only 
D)  any of the three rock types listed above 
A)  metamorphic rocks only 
B)  igneous rocks only 
C)  sedimentary rocks only 
D)  any of the three rock types listed above

Question 19

Right lateral and left lateral are both examples of ____________ faults.

Accepted Answer

A)  strike-slip 
B)  dip-slip 
C)  oblique-slip 
A)  strike-slip 
B)  dip-slip 
C)  oblique-slip

Question 20

A fold shaped like an elongate trough is a(n)____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anticline 
B)  basin 
C)  dome 
D)  syncline 
A)  anticline 
B)  basin 
C)  dome 
D)  syncline

Exam 9: Crags, cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

A fold shaped like an upside-down bowl is a(n)____________.

The distinction between joints and faults is that ____________.

Why do mountains occur in distinctive belts?

Mountain ranges are associated with modern and ancient convergent-plate boundaries,but do not form in association with either divergent- or transform-plate boundaries.

A fold shaped like an right-side-up bowl is a(n)____________.

The balance between the weight of a mountain range and the buoyancy provided by the underlying mantle is termed ____________.

A joint always occurs as a single,isolated plane within a rock.

Mountain ranges are important sites for the formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks,but do not have any apparent relationship with the formation of sedimentary rocks.

A body of rock to which a sudden,rapid stress has been applied is more likely to exhibit ____________ than is a body of rock subjected to a gradually applied stress.

A body of rock affected by compressive stress will likely undergo ____________.

Which of the following statements is true regarding rock deformation inside the Earth?

Why are Mt.Everest and the surrounding Himalayan Mountains still growing?

An episode of mountain building is termed a(n)____________.

A fold shaped like an elongate arch is a(n)____________.

Theoretically,there is no reason why mountains substantially taller than Mt.Everest might not one day arise on Earth.

Which of the following must occur for the elevation of a mountain range to increase over time?

Tectonic foliation,such as elongation of quartz grains,always occurs parallel to the original bedding plane of a body of rock.

Orogenesis (mountain building)leads to the production of ____________.

Right lateral and left lateral are both examples of ____________ faults.

A fold shaped like an elongate trough is a(n)____________.

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: a Process of Change

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: the Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

Dry Regions: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Rock Groups

A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

The Rock Cycle

The Earths Interior Revisited: Insights From Geophysics

Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

An Introduction to Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

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