Question 1

Salt water is the end product of this weathering process.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis 
B)  dissolution 
C)  jointing 
D)  frost wedging 
A)  hydrolysis 
B)  dissolution 
C)  jointing 
D)  frost wedging B

Question 2

Why does physical weathering speed up the processes of chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physical weathering requires abundant water, as does chemical weathering. 
B)  Physical weathering produces fresh surfaces for chemical weathering to attack. 
C)  Chemical weathering can only occur on small surfaces, not large ones. 
D)  Chemical weathering requires salt, which is provided by salt wedging. 
A)  Physical weathering requires abundant water, as does chemical weathering. 
B)  Physical weathering produces fresh surfaces for chemical weathering to attack. 
C)  Chemical weathering can only occur on small surfaces, not large ones. 
D)  Chemical weathering requires salt, which is provided by salt wedging. B

Question 3

Why does differential weathering occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chemical weathering attacks some layers, and physical weathering attacks the others. 
B)  The cliffs formed by chemical weathering protect the rocks below. 
C)  Some types of rocks don't weather at all, thus producing cliffs. 
D)  Different minerals have different resistances to weathering. 
A)  Chemical weathering attacks some layers, and physical weathering attacks the others. 
B)  The cliffs formed by chemical weathering protect the rocks below. 
C)  Some types of rocks don't weather at all, thus producing cliffs. 
D)  Different minerals have different resistances to weathering. D

Question 4

What type of weathering has happened to the rocks in the picture?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis 
B)  hydration 
C)  dissolution 
D)  oxidation 
A)  hydrolysis 
B)  hydration 
C)  dissolution 
D)  oxidation

Question 5

Which soil horizon contains weathered bedrock that has not yet undergone leaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  O. 
B)  A. 
C)  E. 
D)  B. 
A)  O. 
B)  A. 
C)  E. 
D)  B.

Question 6

What type of weathering are you most likely to find occurring on the coast?

Accepted Answer

A)  dissolution 
B)  thermal expansion 
C)  salt wedging 
D)  root wedging 
A)  dissolution 
B)  thermal expansion 
C)  salt wedging 
D)  root wedging

Question 7

Which soil horizon is the most important to farmers for planting crops?

Accepted Answer

A)  O. 
B)  A. 
C)  E. 
D)  B. 
A)  O. 
B)  A. 
C)  E. 
D)  B.

Question 8

Chemical weathering involves the breakdown of material due to _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanical breakdown of rock 
B)  baking in the hot sun 
C)  interaction with molten rock 
D)  interaction with water or air 
A)  mechanical breakdown of rock 
B)  baking in the hot sun 
C)  interaction with molten rock 
D)  interaction with water or air

Question 9

Hydration occurs when __________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  minerals are dissolved into water 
B)  minerals are turned into rust 
C)  minerals absorb water and expand 
D)  minerals are removed by frost 
A)  minerals are dissolved into water 
B)  minerals are turned into rust 
C)  minerals absorb water and expand 
D)  minerals are removed by frost

Question 10

What type of weathering process would you expect to find occurring in a cold climate?

Accepted Answer

A)  dissolution 
B)  salt wedging 
C)  frost wedging 
D)  oxidation 
A)  dissolution 
B)  salt wedging 
C)  frost wedging 
D)  oxidation

Question 11

If the climate in an area has very little rainfall,what would the characteristics of the soil in the area be?

Accepted Answer

A)  thick, with a lot of organic material 
B)  thin, with a lot of organic material 
C)  thick, with very little organic material 
D)  thin, with very little organic material 
A)  thick, with a lot of organic material 
B)  thin, with a lot of organic material 
C)  thick, with very little organic material 
D)  thin, with very little organic material

Question 12

Which of the following does NOT affect soil thickness?

Accepted Answer

A)  time 
B)  types of animals 
C)  climate 
D)  vegetation type 
A)  time 
B)  types of animals 
C)  climate 
D)  vegetation type

Question 13

What type of weathering are you likely to find occurring in areas with cold climates?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis 
B)  frost wedging 
C)  salt wedging 
D)  dissolution 
A)  hydrolysis 
B)  frost wedging 
C)  salt wedging 
D)  dissolution

Question 14

Which soil horizon contains the most organic material?

Accepted Answer

A)  A. 
B)  O. 
C)  B. 
D)  E. 
A)  A. 
B)  O. 
C)  B. 
D)  E.

Question 15

Why does the C-horizon contain little to no organic material?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water doesn't penetrate that far into the ground. 
B)  The C-horizon contains toxins from the bedrock. 
C)  Plants and animals do not live that far down. 
D)  The C-horizon is saturated with water. 
A)  Water doesn't penetrate that far into the ground. 
B)  The C-horizon contains toxins from the bedrock. 
C)  Plants and animals do not live that far down. 
D)  The C-horizon is saturated with water.

Question 16

Which of the following is a type of physical weathering?

Accepted Answer

A)  thermal expansion 
B)  dissolution 
C)  oxidation 
D)  hydration 
A)  thermal expansion 
B)  dissolution 
C)  oxidation 
D)  hydration

Question 17

The zone of leaching is the area in which _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  weathered bedrock forms a soil horizon 
B)  organic matter gathers to create a soil horizon 
C)  minerals are precipitated and added to soil 
D)  minerals are dissolved and removed from soil 
A)  weathered bedrock forms a soil horizon 
B)  organic matter gathers to create a soil horizon 
C)  minerals are precipitated and added to soil 
D)  minerals are dissolved and removed from soil

Question 18

The following is a picture of what type of phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  jointing 
B)  differential weathering 
C)  chemical weathering 
D)  hydration 
A)  jointing 
B)  differential weathering 
C)  chemical weathering 
D)  hydration

Question 19

Differential weathering occurs when ___________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  none of the layers weather at all 
B)  layers of rock weather at the same rate 
C)  layers of rock weather at different rates 
D)  weathering occurs in the tropics 
A)  none of the layers weather at all 
B)  layers of rock weather at the same rate 
C)  layers of rock weather at different rates 
D)  weathering occurs in the tropics

Question 20

The Dust Bowl of the 1930s was created by what phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased rainfall 
B)  lack of vegetation 
C)  increased wind storms 
D)  differential weathering 
A)  increased rainfall 
B)  lack of vegetation 
C)  increased wind storms 
D)  differential weathering

Exam 21: A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

Salt water is the end product of this weathering process.

Why does physical weathering speed up the processes of chemical weathering?

Why does differential weathering occur?

What type of weathering has happened to the rocks in the picture?

Which soil horizon contains weathered bedrock that has not yet undergone leaching?

What type of weathering are you most likely to find occurring on the coast?

Which soil horizon is the most important to farmers for planting crops?

Chemical weathering involves the breakdown of material due to _____________.

Hydration occurs when __________________.

What type of weathering process would you expect to find occurring in a cold climate?

If the climate in an area has very little rainfall,what would the characteristics of the soil in the area be?

Which of the following does NOT affect soil thickness?

What type of weathering are you likely to find occurring in areas with cold climates?

Which soil horizon contains the most organic material?

Why does the C-horizon contain little to no organic material?

Which of the following is a type of physical weathering?

The zone of leaching is the area in which _______________.

The following is a picture of what type of phenomenon?

Differential weathering occurs when ___________________.

The Dust Bowl of the 1930s was created by what phenomenon?

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: a Process of Change

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags, cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: the Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

Dry Regions: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Rock Groups

The Rock Cycle

The Earths Interior Revisited: Insights From Geophysics

Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

An Introduction to Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

Filters